trai

Cite this page as:	"trai". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_trai (accessed 07 Feb. 2026).
Meaning:	“three”
Word class:	adjective
Word subclass:	cardinal
Language:	TB
Equivalent in TA:	tre
Lexeme variants:	trai; traii; treya; traiy; trey
Number:	plural
Case:	nominative; accusative
Gender:	masculine

Paradigm

	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f	du.m	du.f
nom			trai	tarya
voc
acc			trai	tarya
gen				täryāṃts
loc			traiyne
comit
inst
abl				täryāmeṃ
perl			traiysa
all
caus

Lexeme family

• trai “three”

  	pl.m	pl.f
  nom	trai	tarya
  acc	trai	tarya
  gen		täryāṃts
  loc	traiyne
  abl		täryāmeṃ
  perl	traiysa

  • truskäñña “binding, bond, harness”

    	sg
    acc	truskäñña

  • trite “third”

    	sg.m
    nom	trite
    acc	trice
    abl	tricemeṃ
    perl	tritesa

Occurrences

trai

1	G-Su 34 a1	pikulne śkañce meṃne pratipatne	trai	ṣarmiriśkaṃ puñicaṃndre jñānacaṃndre amrätarakṣite
2	HWB 74(4) a2	ṣuk yiltse a2 wace	trai	meñatsene pernaiśe cak ñu
3	IOL Toch 85 b2	cok āyorsa poyśiṃtse •	trai	eśaiṃ śpā(lmeṃ) /// b3
4	IOL Toch 175 b4	/// (ta)tākaṣ tṛbhuvana :	trai	śaiṣṣenne b5 /// astaryai
5	IOL Toch 196 and 198 a3	a3 °tanaṃ sām cainats	trai	mäsketä(r) – ·i ///
6	IOL Toch 752 a3	/// – tña •	trai	āntsi tarya sā° a4
7	IOL Toch 796 b3	/// ārkwi śakkarä •	trai	/// b4 /// śälo
8	Kz-213-ZS-L01 a3	; (– –) ·l· :	trai	·ṣe (·)teṃne ; empärkre
9	Kz-213-ZS-L01 a5	; (w)n(o)l(m)e ce :	trai	·(·)o l·· ts· ;
10	Kz-213-ZS-Q-01 a2	– – – – te sa –	trai	śai ṣe – – – kt·
11	Ot 12 a4	parramañine kewye ṣalywe käryāmte	trai	ṣaṅkäṃ piśśār tom ysāre
12	Ot 12 a6	ok tom a6 tsyāṅk	trai	ṣaṅkäṃ käryāmte ṣkas tom
13	Ot 12 a10	wrätsaiseś kewye ṣalywe käryāmte	trai	ṣaṅkäṃ ysāresa cāk piś
14	PK AS 4A a4	paa4ramārthä ; pelaikne ;	trai	śaiṣentso ; tarnene ;
15	PK AS 5C a6	; sak śpālmeṃ ;	trai	kleṅkentsa ; källoyeṃ ;
16	PK AS 6L b5	/// añmaññemar ñäś ceṃ	trai	meñä(nn)e /// b6 ///
17	PK AS 19.1 b1	ysāṣṣa caknik pākri yamaṣlya	trai	p·e /// b2
18	PK Bois A16 a2	mä /// a2 ///	(t)rai	yakwi /// a3 ///
19	PK Bois B10 a1	• ceynaṃts yakwi •	trai	• te parra tārka
20	PK Bois B18 a4	ceṃ a4 mpa yakwi	trai	stare-me teṃ parra ptā
21	PK Bois B34 a2	a2 yaṃ cewämpa śāmna	trai	kerccaa3ppaṃ śak (w)i teṃ
22	PK Bois B43 a3	a2 yirpāṣkaine – – – (śā)a3mna	trai	• yakwi śtwer •
23	PK Bois B104 a3	klaina /// a3 oks(aiṃ)	trai	• kerccap(p)aṃ ///
24	PK Bois C1 a1	a1	tr(ai)	kṣun(t)sa dharmacandri lānti kṣuṃne
25	PK DA M 507.28 a14	/// a14 meñe ṣuktante	trai	meñantse -n(e) /// a15
26	PK DA M 507.28 a14	/// a14 meñe ṣuktante	trai	meñantsen(e) /// a15 ikäṃ
27	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a8	wasa wesanmeṃ prekseṃ ikäṃ	trai	kṣuṃa9ntsa śtarce meṃne akaumtse
28	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a12	mā ṣ wasa ikäṃ	trai	kṣuṃntsa oktañce meṃne putewante
29	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a17	tu m(ā) e(ṅksa)a17te ikäṃ	trai	kṣuṃntsa ṣkaśce meṃne putewante
30	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a21	solme mā maṣa ikäṃ	trai	kṣuṃntsa śtarce meṃne putew{e→a}nte
31	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a46	śka praa46lya ste puttewante	trai	procera eñcil tessa sarriwentasa
32	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a65	piś puttewante kamāte ikäṃ	trai	kṣuntsa śkañce meṃne akau
33	PK DA M 507.42 and .40 a12	trai(yne) indrawarmentse cāneṃ wsāwa	trai	3 b1 paññiktiññe perneṣṣe
34	PK DA M 507.42 and .40 a12	trai(yne) indrawarmentse cāneṃ wsāwa	trai	3 b1 paññiktiññe perneṣṣe
35	PK NS 25 and 26 b5	; sak śpālmeṃ ;	trai	kleṅkentsa ; källoyeṃ ;
36	PK NS 28 b6	(paramārthä) ; (pelaikne) ;	(trai)	(śaiṣentso) ; (ta)rnene ;
37	PK NS 400 b4	täryā could be completed to täryāka 'thirty' or reflect a compound starting with	trai	, such as täryā-yäkne 'of three kinds, threefold'.
38	S 1 a5	cwī ślokanmaṣṣi • täryāka	trai	c· /// a6 asure
39	SI 5872 a2	piś tsuṃ pärkare wartstse	trai	cakäṃ trai tsuṃ a3
40	SI 5872 a2	pärkare wartstse trai cakäṃ	trai	tsuṃ a3 rtañyai keṃ
41	SI 5872 a5	ṣe a5 wärtsuwer wināṣle	trai	cakäṃ pärkare wartstse wi
42	SI P 2 a6	po klautkentsa ; po	trai	prekenne 70-3 tū yknes=
43	THT 8 b3	cwi ; sportonträ ;	trai	palskalñi : ṣe yśelmeṣṣe
44	THT 41 a8	ṣäṃṣalñe ṣe ; wī	trai	śtwer ; piś śak
45	THT 45 a4	lyāka tāu wertsyai ;	trai	śaiṣṣentso ; käṣṣi pūdñäkte
46	THT 99 a3	maimañcu pālka comp po	trai	śaiṣṣets saim nesalye subhāṣitagaveṣiṃ
47	THT 303.a b2	/// kuts pateṃ po	trai	///
48	THT 520 a3	ce (śai)ṣṣ(e) 7 kaccalyaisa	trai	śaiṣṣeṃts ·s· /// a4
49	THT 574 a7	nāmña • nano cai	trai	; sārthavāhi b1 ///
50	THT 591 a7	ṣ ñi nesäṃ ;	trai	·ā /// 9σ 2σ
51	THT 1119 a1	/// /// °ñ yāmu	trai	tane wakīci onolmi – –
52	THT 1121 b4	saṃsārmeṃ tsälpātsiś yūwab4st •	trai	kleṅkentsa saṃsā(rmeṃ) (tsälpātär) ///
53	THT 1182 b2	ñke : alyek cmelne	trai	neyä ts· /// b3
54	THT 1208 b2	/// b2 /// – – –	trai	– temtsate • eṃ
55	THT 1237 a3	·e me ·au kaṃ	trai	lwasa pre /// a4
56	THT 1265 a2	tärya a2 /// ·ai	trai	dādhātuk sa tsīrantse rākṣ
57	THT 1354.d b2	b2 /// – mpa	trai	me /// b3 ///
58	THT 1374.v b2	b2 /// ·s· –	trai	a – /// b3
59	THT 1388.b b1	/// b1 /// –	trai	śtsyai ś· – ///
60	THT 1389.l b4	/// b4 /// re	trai	śaiṣṣeṃne : – ///
61	THT 1396.d a2	/// a2 /// 5	trai	ceṃ ṣä /// b1
62	THT 1397.f b1	/// b1 /// –	trai	– /// b2 ///
63	THT 1397.i a2	a2 /// wre nna	trai	/// b1 /// – –
64	THT 1398.m b2	/// b2 /// ramt	trai	ṣṣ· – /// b3
65	THT 1404.m b2	/// b2 /// pa	trai	se k· – – – ///
66	THT 1420.c b2	b2 /// – n·e	trai	– ///
67	THT 1501 a2	a2 /// ṣañ yatse	trai	·e /// a3 ///
68	THT 1540.a b3	·ā ñ·ok wsa ste	trai	ka pe n·a –
69	THT 3599.c a3	tänmästrä /// a3 ///	trai	cpi mäsketrä /// a4
70	THT 3603.b b2	/// b2 /// nā	trai	ke ke twe ko
71	THT 3802.c a1	a1 /// –	trai	– /// a2 ///

treya

1	THT 148 a1	a1 siddhaṁ trisaṃndhi •	treya	meskeṃ • dvādaśākāra •
2	THT 148 b1	traii b1 siddhaṁ trisaṃndhi	treya	meskeṃ • dvādaśa b2

trai_i

1

THT 148 a4

śaiṣṣe : 1 kuse

traii

b1 siddhaṁ trisaṃndhi treya

trey

1	IOL Toch 275 a3	a3 /// °ntaṣ tane	trey	māssa au – – ·i
2	Kucha 190 a2	kameṃ wrättsaiseś ṣkas tom	trey	ṣaṅkäṃ lye(kśai) /// a3
3	PK AS 7L b5	cew ; läklenta śtwāra	trey	epe wi kete ;
4	PK AS 15C a7	·ā po ytāri m·tas	trey	yene wīka° b1 ///
5	PK Bois B20 a3	par(r)a (y)aṃ (c)e(u)m(p)a śāmna	trey	• kerccapaṃ śak piś
6	PK réserve 1517 B 3.1 a4	śāmna ia4käṃ • kercapaṃ	trey	• yakwe ṣe •
7	Sb-003-ZS-L-03 a1	pikulne tricce meṃne ikäṃ-wine	trey	maiweśkaṃ naweri simtsa yeyeṃ
8	THT 108 b3	yamaṣṣate 1 ॥ tumeṃ	trey	śaiṣṣ(eṃ)s käṣṣi ceyna yältse
9	THT 108 b3	śaiṣṣ(eṃ)s käṣṣi ceyna yältse	trey	jaṭil(ap)ūrvakaṃ ṣamāneṃ bhavākkärṣṣai yoñiyai
10	THT 326 b2	b2 /// tär cau	trey	lakaṃ • ca –
11	THT 4091.2 a1x	a1x	trey	klautkenmeṃ källau kärsāte-ne a2x

traiy

1	Kizil PT-2 a1	a1 /// yirpontasa parākauy	traiy	ṣ(·)· k(·)·
2	Kizil WD-II-3 b2	b2 /// trrice	traiy	meññatse ne hu ·e
3	PK Bois B39 a2	·n· no alyeṅk •	traiy	• śamna •
4	PK DA M 507.6 a5	a5 /// cāñi stare	traiy	olīśkantsa a6 /// (p)utteyāneś
5	PK DA M 507.6 a5	a5 /// cāñi stare	traiy	olīśkantsa a6 /// (p)utteyāneś
6	PK DA M 507.23 a7	kapci a7 meñe ṣuktante	traiy	meñantse -ne ·e – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
7	PK DA M 507.23 a7	kapci a7 meñe ṣuktante	traiy	meñantsene ·e – – – – – – – – – – – – – – ysāre
8	PK DA M 507.38 a68	traiyne indrawa(rm)e(ntse) (cāneṃ) (wsāwa)	traiy	3 waltsasintse a69 pitoś
9	PK DA M 507.38 a68	traiyne indrawa(rm)e(ntse) (cāneṃ) (wsāwa)	traiy	3 waltsasintse a69 pitoś
10	THT 115 b3	/// b3 /// tumeṃ	traiy	ñakti bodhisatveṃ palkatsi ett(e)
11	THT 213 b5	lkātsy ontsoytte b5 80-6	traiy	rākṣatsets oś kakāmau tallāu
12	THT 433 a14	ślacaṃndre śarsa ¤ a14	traiy	meñantse °ne trukāle tuṣi
13	THT 2691 a3	– – opiṃne ṣalywe masa	traiy	ṣaṅkäṃ kewye /// a4
14	THT 2719 a3	ṣalywe /// a3 ///	traiy	ṣaṅkä(ṃ) sanai kalā(ś) ///
15	THT 2759 a4	śākyasene – /// a4	traiy	meñantsene kapyāres – ///
16	THT 2839 a2	/// a2 /// (ka)nt(in)e	traiy	ṣaṅkäṃ tsāmine wi (ṣaṅkäṃ)
17	THT 2839 a3	saṅkantse śakārämpa śwāsi ṣalywe	traiy	ṣaṅkäṃ /// a4 ///
18	THT 2839 a6	¤ /// a6 ///	(tr)aiy	ṣaṅkäṃ y(w)ārt(s)a ·e ·e
19	THT 2888 a1	a1 ///	traiy	meñ(antsene) ///