THT 99
| Known as: | THT 99; B 99; Bleistiftnummer 2324 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Melanie Malzahn. "THT 99". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht99 (accessed 19 Sep. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Melanie Malzahn |
| Date of online publication: | 2015-12-16 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 78.7 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Subhāṣitagaveṣin-Jātaka |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | 4343 (4x); 45 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Araṇemi α |
| Following fragment: | THT 100 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// [ṣ](·) wa lo o lya po tse la kle ssu e re pa¯ ¯st spa rkā ne || tu meṃ wa lo eṃ ṣke to¯ ¯t śo ka gā rne yo psa kra ke cce wa ssi au |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// [k]e plā ce ta pa ttri¯ ¯śä ñä kci ye śai ṣṣe ne ka rsa na lya || tu meṃ ylai ña kte śā mñe śai ṣṣe ne su bhā ṣi ta ga we ṣiṃ lā¯ ¯nt ai śai |
| a3 | /// [ṇa] pra bheṃ ○ ña kte śwe s̝s̝aṃ mai ma ñ[cu] [p]ā lka co¯ ¯mp po trai śai ṣṣe¯ ¯ts• sai mne sa lye su bhā ṣi ta ga ve ṣiṃ la¯ ¯nt• pe lai kne |
| a4 | /// ○ pa¯ ¯st lya ma || vi bhu ṣa ṇa pra bhe we s̝s̝aṃ ña kteṃ¯ ¯ts sa swa kuse pi ksa a yi ne pe lai kne klyau ṣtsi || ylai |
| a5 | /// (·)[ī] ta ma rne : krui pa lsko kā rsau ne ṣe me ślo¯ ¯k klyau ṣtsi a yu ne || ta ne ylai ña kte ya kṣaṃ ñe we¯ ¯s̝ me mī |
| a6 | /// [ta] ga we ṣi¯ ¯ñ la nte e ne pre stmo śle ya rke lā (– –) s̝s̝aṃ o ro ccu wa lo kuce ṣa rmtsa ce meṃ ntsi m(·) (·)e |
| b1 | /// [r](·)¯ ¯mt• lkā tra : tu meṃ wa lo a ñca li ṣa rne yā mu (– –) (·)[c](·) w(·) s̝s̝a(·) pa klyau¯ ¯s̝• mai ma ñcu || tu meṃ we(·) [s̝](·) |
| b2 | /// [ṣ]ṣ[o] rka mñe wī ka ṣṣe ñca snai lyī pa¯ ¯r : po kre ntau na¯ ¯ts• yke po staṃ ṣa rmau ñe ntau ta tā ku : pū dñä kta ññe pe lai |
| b3 | /// ○ ce¯ ¯u sa ñi¯ ¯ś ñke me ṅ[k]i tse te sa pkā rsa¯ ¯ñ• ya ktā¯ ¯ñm ñi : 1 || yā kṣe we s̝s̝aṃ kuse tuṃ tse pi to krui ksa |
| b4 | /// (·)(·)y(·) ṣtsi || ○ ta ne wa lo pa rma ṅka(·) [ce] pi lko sa wa wā ka¯ ¯s̝ e re sa ya kṣaṃ lkā ske ma ne we s̝s̝aṃ pa klyau¯ ¯s̝ snai mi |
| b5 | /// m[e]ṃ we s̝s̝aṃ || pa ṇḍu rā ṅka ññe ne || mā su nta ksa ka lpā stra wä ntre : e ṣke ṣa¯ ¯ñ śau¯ ¯l te pkā rsa klyo mai : pe lai kne(·) tse ṣa rmtsa preṃ |
| b6 | /// mo¯ ¯ymä mā rī ñī ma¯ ¯r || yā kṣe we s̝s̝aṃ kuce a kā lksa to tteṃ pe lai kne klyau ṣtsi ā ñma nta¯ ¯r• || wa lo we s̝s̝aṃ snai yo lya po pa |
(continues on THT 100)
Transcription
| a1 | /// (subhāṣitagave)ṣ(i) walo olyapotse läklessu ere päst sparkā-ne ॥ tumeṃ walo eṃṣke tot śokagārne yopsa krakecce wassi au- |
|---|---|
| a2 | -n1(su) (॥) (sā) (no) (ña)ke plāce tapattriś ñäkciye śaiṣṣene kärsanalya ॥ tumeṃ ylai-ñakte śāmñe śaiṣṣene subhāṣitagaweṣiṃ lānt aiśai |
| a3 | (yāmormeṃ) (vibhuṣa)ṇaprabheṃ ñakteś weṣṣäṃ maimañcu pālka comp po trai śaiṣṣets saim nesalye subhāṣitagaveṣiṃ lant pelaikne |
| a4 | /// päst lyama ॥ vibhuṣaṇaprabhe weṣṣäṃ ñakteṃts saswa kuse pi ksa ayi-ne pelaikne klyauṣtsi ॥ ylai- |
| a5 | -n4(ñakte) (weṣṣäṃ) /// (r)ītamar-ne : krui palsko kārsau-ne ṣeme ślok klyauṣtsi ayu-ne ॥ tane ylai-ñakte yakṣaṃñe weṣ memī- |
| a6 | -(sku) /// (subhāṣi)tagaweṣiñ lante enepre stm{o→au} śle yarke lā(ntäśc) (we)ṣṣäṃ oroccu walo kuce ṣarmtsa ce meṃntsi m· ·e |
| b1 | /// r(a)mt lkāträ : tumeṃ walo añcali ṣarne yāmu (yākṣeṃś)c() w(e)ṣṣä(ṃ) päklyauṣ maimañcu ॥ tumeṃ we(ṣ)ṣ(äṃ) |
| b2 | /// |
| 1a | (aknātsaññe)ṣṣ= ; orkamñe ; wīkäṣṣeñca ; snai lyīpär : |
|---|---|
| 1b | po krentaunats ; yke-postäṃ ; ṣarm auñent{au→o} ; tatāk{u→au} : |
| 1c | pūdñäktäññe ; pelaib3(kne) 8σ /// |
| 1d | ceusa ñiś ñke ; meṅkitse ; tesa pkārsa-ñ ; yakt-āñm ñi : 1 ॥ |
| yākṣe weṣṣäṃ kuse tuṃtse pito krui ksa | |
| b4 | /// (kl)y(au)ṣtsi ॥ tane walo pärmaṅkä(c)ce pilkosa wawākaṣ eresa yakṣaṃ lkāskemane weṣṣäṃ päklyauṣ snai mi… |
| b5 | /// (tu)meṃ weṣṣäṃ ॥ paṇḍurāṅkäññene ॥ |
| 1a | mā su nta ksa ; kälpāsträ wäntre : |
|---|---|
| 1b | e{ṃ}ṣke ṣañ śaul ; te pkārsa klyomai : |
| 1c | pelaikne(ṃ)tse ; ṣarmtsa preṃb6n10n11(tse) (ñiś) |
| (ce) (śaulne) (sta)moym mā rīñīmar ॥ yākṣe weṣṣäṃ kuce akālksa totteṃ pelaikne klyauṣtsi āñmantar ॥ walo weṣṣäṃ snaiy olyapo pa- | |
| -(ñäkteññe) (perne) |
(continues on THT 100)
Translation
| a1 | ... King (Subhāṣitagave)ṣin [became] very sorrowful, the color disappeared from his [face]. |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Then he even entered into the lamentation room (having) put on a dirty garment. |
| a2 | Now (then this) [following] dialogue has to be understood [to take place] in the divine world of the Trāyastriṃśa gods: |
| a2+ | Threupon lord Indra (after having taken) notice of king Subhāṣitagaveṣin in the world of men says to god (Vibhū)ṣaṇaprabha: |
| a3 | "O excellent one, look at that king Subhāṣitagaveṣin [who] ought to be a refuge for all three worlds! |
| a3+ | (In order to hear) the Law he sits away ..." |
| a4 | Vibhūṣaṇaprabha says: "O lord of the gods, will anybody give him the Law to hear?" |
| a4+ | Lord Indra (says): |
| a5 | "I will seek ... If I know his mind [to be righteous], I will give him one strophe to hear." |
| a5+ | Then lord Indra (having) taken on the appearance of a Yakṣa, |
| a6 | ... having placed himself in front of king (Subhāṣi)tagaveṣin says with deference (to) the king: |
| a6+ | "O great king, for what reason (has) this sorrow (befallen you) ... |
| b1 | ... as if ... is visible." Thereupon the king, having folded the palms of his hands, says to the (Yakṣa): "Listen, o excellent one!" |
| b1+ | Thereupon he says: |
| b2 | (In the tune ...:) ... Destroying the darkness of ignorance without a trace is the cause [and] beginning of all virtues step by step. The Law of the Buddha... |
| b3 | [1d] |
| b3 | ... I [am] deprived of it now. Because of this understand my feeble state!" The Yakṣa says: |
| b3+ | "What [would be] the price if someone (gave you the Law) to hear?" |
| b4 | Then the king having flourished with a hopeful gaze [and] looking over the figure of the Yakṣa says: |
| b4+ | "Listen without (disturbance ?)! |
| b5 | ... Thereupon (the king) says: In the [tune] Paṇḍurāṅkäññe: "Nothing indeed is obtained [more dearly] than one's own life. Know this, o noble one! |
| b5+ | For the sake of the Law I would instantly renounce (this life of mine) |
| b6 | [and] not adhere [to it]." The Yakṣa says: "For what reason do you desire to hear the Law so extremely?" The king says: "Incomparable [is] (the dignity of Buddhahood) ... |
(continues on THT 100)
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| The texts has some misspellings of vowels. In contrast, the spelling of the compounds ylai-ñakte (a2, a5) and yakt-āñm (b3) and the gen.pl. ñakteṃts (a4) rather seem to indicate accent shift to the first syllable. |
Philological commentary
| Restoration according to Sieg/Siegling in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 34, fn. 4. | |
| n1 | Some form of the root yām- followed at the beginning of a3 from the phrase "to take notice of". Sieg/Siegling suggested to restore yāmormeṃ. |
| n2 | Thomas in Sieg and Siegling 1983: 251 suggests to restore to (klyauṣalñentse pelkiṃ lantuññe) "er hat, (um) das Gesetz (zu hören) [wörtl. "(um des Hörens) des Gesetzes (willen)"], (die Königswürde) hinangesetzt". I doubt, however, that päst lämā- can have this meaning; it rather refers to the king having taken refuge in the chamber of lamentation. |
| n3 | According to Sieg/Siegling in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 35, fn. 5, approx. nine akṣaras are missing at the beginning of the line. |
| n4 | According to Sieg/Siegling in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 35, fn. 6, approx. eleven akṣaras are missing at the beginning of the line. |
| n5 | According to Sieg/Siegling in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 35, fn. 11, approx. twelve akṣaras are missing at the beginning of the line. |
| n6 | According to Sieg/Siegling in in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 35, fn. n12, approx. 10-11 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of the line, which included the name of a tune of 4x14 syllables. Restoration to (aknātsaññe)ṣṣ=orkamñe likewise according to Sieg/Siegling. Couvreur 1954c: 105 further seems to propose restoration of pudñäktäññe perne vel sim. ("(De boeddhawaardigkeit) verdrijft sporloos de duisternis der (onwetendheit)", but pāda 1a is already complete by the restoration of (aknātsaññe)ṣṣ=. Thomas in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 250 takes pelaikne as subject. |
| n7 | The spelling auñentau tatāku for auñento tatākau is rather due to miscopying than to hypercorrection. |
| n8 | Couvreur 1954c: 105 translates yakt-āñm with "moedeloosheid" ("despondency"), Thomas in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 250 with "Minderwertigkeit" ("inferiority"). |
| n9 | A possible restoration at the end might be snai mi(yäṣṣälñe) "without harm, disturbance". |
| n10 | Restoration according to Sieg/Siegling in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 35, fn. 19. |
| n11 | Restoration according to Thomas in Sieg and Siegling 1953: 251, Couvreur 1954c: 105 likewise translates "boeddhawaardigheid". |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Tamai 2011 | C5 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 34-35
Translations
Carling 2000: a6 (357), b5 (323); Couvreur 1954c: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (105); Hackstein 1995: b4 (128f); Peyrot 2013b: a4 (307, 362), a5 (669); Schmidt 1974: b5 (215f), b6 (145); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a3 (251), a3 a4 (251), a4 (250), b4 (251), b5 (251), b6 (251); Thomas 1952: a3 (27); Thomas 1954: a1 (762), a4 (730), a5 (730), b6 (719); Thomas 1957: a3 a4 (182); Thomas 1958a: a1 (166); Thomas 1967b: a3 (22); Thomas 1979b: b3 (56), b4 (7)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Couvreur, Walter. 1954c. “Koetsjische literaire fragmenten uit de Berlijnse verzameling (naar aanleiding van Sieg & Siegling’s Tocharische Sprachreste).” Handelingen VIII der Zuidnederlandse Maatschappij voor Taal- en Letterkunde en Geschiedenis, 97–117.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.
Thomas, Werner. 1967b. “Besteht ein formaler Unterschied zwischen N. und Obl. Sg. m. bei den wtoch. Verbaladjektiven?” Die Sprache 13: 20–30.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
