pkārsa

Cite this page as:	"pkārsa". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_pkārsa (accessed 09 Dec. 2025).
Meaning:	“to know, understand, recognize”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TB
Equivalent in TA:	kärsā-
Lexeme variants:	pkārsa
Person:	second
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	imperative
Root character:	a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-schwa
Stem:	imperative
Stem class:	1
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1
2	pkārsa, pkārsa-ñ	pkarsas
3

Lexeme family

• kärsā-
  • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv
    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.prs6

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	kärsänau	kärsanam
      2	kärsanat
      3	kärsanaṃ	kärsanoyeṃ	kärsanatär	kärsanantär

      • kärsanalle “knowing, understanding” part.prs6

        	sg.m	sg.f
        nom	kärsanalle	kärsanalya

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.subj5

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid
      1	karsoym, kārsau, kārsau-ne
      2	kārsāt
      3	karsoy, kārsaṃ	karsoyeṃ	kärsoytär, karsatär

      • karsatsi “to know, understand, recognize” inf.n.subj5

        	sg
        nom	karsatsi
        acc	karsatsi
        all	karsatsiśc

      • karsalñe “to know, understand, recognize” abstr.n.subj5

        	sg
        nom	karsalñe
        acc	karsalñe
        perl	karsalñesa

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.pret1

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	śärsāwa, śärsāwa-ne
      2	śärsāsta
      3	śarsa, śärsā-ñ, śirsā-me	śärsāre	kärsāte-ne	kärsānte

      • kärsau “having understood, known” part.pret1

        	sg.m	pl.m
        nom	kärsoṣ, kärsau	kärsoṣ
        acc	kärsoṣ	kärsoṣ

        • kärsor “understanding” abstr.pret1

          	sg
          nom	kärsor
          acc	kärsor
          abl	kärsormeṃ

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.imp1

      	sg.act	pl.act
      2	pkārsa, pkārsa-ñ	pkarsas

  • kärs- “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” kaus
    • kärs- “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” kaus.prs9b

      	sg.act	pl.act
      1	śarsäskau
      2		śarsäṣṣicer
      3	śarsäṣṣäṃ-ne	śarsäskeṃ-ne

      • śarsaṣṣäle “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” part.prs9b

        	sg.m
        nom	śarsaṣṣäle

    • kärs- “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” kaus.subj9b

      	sg.act
      3	śarsäṣṣi

    • kärs- “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” kaus.pret2

      	sg.act	pl.act
      2	śārsasta-ne
      3	śārsa, śārsa-me	śārsare-ne

    • kärs- “to make know(n), make recognize, announce” kaus.imp1

      	sg.mid
      2	karsar, karsar-me

Occurrences

pkārsa

1	IOL Toch 500 b1	/// b1 /// °r	pkārsa	pū(d)ñ(äkte) /// b2 ///
2	IOL Toch 700 a2	ersna /// a2 nt·	pkārsa	• ॥ tu sā
3	PK AS 17C b6	; cīne meṅki t(e)	pkārsa	: kuse =yāto tañ
4	PK NS 32 b5	ākteke ste ; te-maṃt	pkārsa	: (ke)b6(ktseñṣana) ; (pakenta)
5	THT 23 b6	pi ; ten nai	pkārsa	; päst paṣ ñy
6	THT 78 b6	– – – ; – – – 2σ	pkārsa	: okt wrotstsana ;
7	THT 99 b5	ṣañ śaul ; te	pkārsa	klyomai : pelaikne(ṃ)tse ;
8	THT 127 a3	(ṣotruna) (twe) (śā)mñe rūp;sa	pkārsa	• cewsa pw īke
9	THT 127 b3	; waimene ; ikäṃ	pkārsa	; wäntärwa • maiyyācempa
10	THT 128 a5	a5 aiśämñeṣṣe ; säk	pkārsa	7 pilko aṅkai(ṃ) –
11	THT 158 b3	alyek – kne te	pkārsa	/// b4 /// °ntsenne
12	THT 1215.c b2	b2 /// – riṃtsa	pkārsa	twe30 /// b3 ///