PK NS 32
| Known as: | PK NS 32; Pelliot Koutchéen Nouvelle Série 32; Amb |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator). "PK NS 32". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-pkns32 (accessed 08 Oct. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator) |
| Date of online publication: | 2012-08 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Duldur-akur |
| Expedition code: | M.500.4-5 |
| Collection: | Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Ambara-Jātaka |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | 554443 (4x); 444 (4x) |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 6.7 × 32 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
| Interline spacing: | 1.2 cm |
Images
Images from gallica.bnf.fr by courtesy of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Manuscrits, Pelliot koutchéen.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// bh(·) ṅk(·)¯ ¯r a tyu cca [gā] mī : pa ra mā rth(·) da rśī su [p]ū(·) ñ(·) kte a ni ru ddhe śle¯ ¯k : dhṛ ti rā ṣṭre k[au] ṇḍi nye śka mai yya ka ṣṣī śai ṣṣe ntse 2 c[e]ṃ n[au] ṣa ññ(·) p(·) yśi nta(·)¯ ¯ts |
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| a2 | /// (·)ī rsa pra kre no pa rlyā¯ ¯ṅk śpā lmeṃ : srū ka lñe ṣṣe śle¯ ¯k ñä kcye s̝pa mā rlā¯ ¯nt yū ko¯ ¯ym snai lyī pa¯ ¯r• pe lai kne ṣṣe lau ka ññe ṣpi rtta cce ṣpa rtta ṣṣi¯ ¯m cā kka |
| a3 | (– – – – – – – – – – –) ○ ktaṃ ñe pe rne¯ ¯śä a kā¯ ¯lk ri to rmeṃ brā hma ṇe ntse jaṃ bu dvī¯ ¯p ā yo¯ ¯r wa sa || ta ne se brā hma ṇe jaṃ bu dvī¯ ¯p ā yo¯ ¯r ka lpo rmeṃ ka tkau ñai sa ī te ka [k]l(·) |
| a4 | /// ○ nta sa ke rccī ye nmeṃ la¯ ¯cä || o mno ña ke po jaṃ bu dvī pne a mba ri lā nte po ntaṃ¯ ¯ts ai ṣṣe ñca ññe ka rtse ṣṣe ñe mka lywe klyau ṣā te kuce po a nti ṣpū¯ ¯r po |
| a5 | /// ra wa sa || tu meṃ brā hma ṇi ā lyau ce mpa plā¯ ¯cä a kṣ(·) re • mā te to¯ ¯t a mā skai ste kuse pa rnā ñña na wä nta rwa ā yo¯ ¯r aiṃ • te a mā skai ste kuse ṣa¯ ¯ñä ke ktse ñä |
| a6 | /// cwī lā nte po ai ṣṣe ñca ññe pra tiṃ l(·)ā¯ ¯m• wai p[t]ā rw[ai] p[t]ā¯ ¯[r] [po] ke ñä ṣṣa na pa ke nta ya s(·)e mta rne meṃ || te we we ño rmeṃ ro ce brā hma ṇe ṣa¯ ¯ñä ypo yntse sa l(·)ai |
| b1 | /// da ntā kne || m[ā] k(·) o n(·) lm[e](·)¯ ¯ts (·)l(·) [c](·) klyau s(·) ntra t(·) ñ(·) [ś]y(·) m[u] (–) mr(·) y(·) mu t(·) a mp(·)(·) w(·) y· ·(·)r(·)(·) kä(·) (–) śa nm(·) w(·) ntr(·) n(·) o¯ ¯t cai ai śa ly[i] ś[au] la ṣṣe ce¯ ¯u cā lne wr[o] cc(·) (·)us(·) |
| b2 | /// tñ[e] toṃ a mpa rwa po ri lñe ṣṣeṃ ña ke la kau cwī lā nte : pai ne toṃ ā tpi ā yo rñä skau ne kwri tu ri ntra o¯ ¯t kā rsau ne au spa pra tiṃ pwai ṣṣe ñcai || o mno ña ke sū ro |
| b3 | /// ○ ri lā nte ya po yne śe¯ ¯m• || tu meṃ brā hma ṇe k[e] rccī ye[ṃ] ne yai po rmeṃ lyā kā ne wa lo i sta¯ ¯k śle tsā rwo wra ntsai tsa ṅkā ne ṣa rsa e ṅsa te ne a sā |
| b4 | (– – – – – – – – –) ○ ks̝aṃ • kuce wä nta re sa ka ṣī ke ka mu tā ka || brā hma ṇe we s̝s̝aṃ || ma da na bhā ra tne || ke klyau ṣo rmeṃ kre¯ ¯nt ñe mka lywe wro ccu wlo ta¯ ¯ñä : a kā lka ṣṣe rma |
| b5 | /// (·)[k](·) ne¯ ¯st nū wa lñe : ā yo rnta ṣṣe swe se ke ntsa swā sa ṣṣa sta : 1 pa rnā ñña na wä nta rwa kuse ai s̝s̝aṃ ā yo¯ ¯r• (–) mā tu mā ka ā kte ke ste te maṃ¯ ¯t pkā rsa [:] (–) |
| b6 | (– – – – – – – – – – – – – –) ā kte ke sū cwī yā mo¯ ¯r so lme mske ta¯ ¯r 2 || tu meṃ wa lo wa wā ka¯ ¯s̝ e re sa śle smī lñe pi lko sa brā hma ṇeṃ ru pne lkā ske ma ne mā ce kwa rñai pa rs[k]au |
Transcription
| 2b | a1n1 /// ; (pra)bh(a)ṅk(a)r atyuccagāmī : |
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| 2c | paramārth(a)darśī su ; pū(d)ñ(ä)kte aniruddhe śle-k : |
| 2d | dhṛtirāṣṭre kauṇḍinye ; śka-maiyya käṣṣī śaiṣṣentse 2 |
| 3a | ceṃ nauṣaññ(eṃ) p(o)yśinta(ṃ)ts ; a2n1n2 (po) (lakṣānänta) (ñäś) (källoym) |
| 3b | (yänmoym) (lamalñe) (waś)īrsa ; prakreno parlyāṅk śpālmeṃ : |
| 3c | srūkalñeṣṣe śle-k ñäkcye ṣpä ; mār lānt yūkoym snai lyīpär |
| 3d | pelaikneṣṣe laukaññ= ; eṣpirttacce ṣparttaṣṣim cākkäa3(r)n2 |
| 1a | māk(a) on(o)lme(ṃ)ts ; (p)l(ā)c(i) klyaus(e)nträ ; t(e) ñ(i)ś y(ā)mu (ta)m r(a) y(ā)mu ; t(oṃ) amp(ar)w= (ā)y(or) (t)r(eṅ)kä(ṃ) |
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| 1b | śanm(eṃ) w(ä)ntr(e)n(e) ; ot cai aiśalyi ; śaulaṣṣe ceu cālne wrocc(e) ; (k)us(e) b2n3n4 (epretñe) (tatākaṣ) |
| 1c | (tu) (ṣarmtsa) (rano) ; (prakreṃ) (epre)tñe ; toṃ amparwa po rilñeṣṣeṃ ; ñake lakau cwī lānte : |
| 1d | paine toṃ ātpi ; āyor ñäskau-ne ; kwri tu rinträ ot kārsau-ne ; auspa pratiṃ pw aiṣṣeñcai ॥ |
| 1a | keklyauṣormeṃ ; krent ñem-kälywe ; wroccu wlo tañ : |
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| 1b | akālkäṣṣe ; rmab5(mñesa)n5 (po) ; (aiṣṣeñcaññeś) |
| 1c | (po) (kälyminne) ; – (twe) (tär)k(au) ; nest nūwalñe : |
| 1d | āyorntaṣṣe ; swese kentsa ; swāsäṣṣasta : 1 |
| 2a | pärnāññana ; wäntarwa kuse ; aiṣṣäṃ āyor |
| 2b | mā tu māka ; ākteke ste ; te-maṃt pkārsa : |
| 2c | (ke)b6(ktseñṣana)n5 ; (pakenta) (kuse) ; (aiṣṣäṃ) (āyor) (:) |
| 2d | (tu) ākteke ; sū cwī yāmor ; solme msketär 2 ॥ |
| * | tumeṃ walo wawākaṣ eresa śle smīlñe pilkosa brāhmaṇeṃ rupne lkāskemane mā ce-k warñai pärskau |
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Translation
| a1 | "... Prabhaṅkara, Atyuccagamin, Paramārthadarśin, [and] this Buddhalord Aniruddha in [their] company, [and] Dhṛtirāṣṭra [and] Kauṇḍinya, possessor[s] of six powers, teacher[s] of the world. 2. |
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| a1+ | Of the previous all-knowing [Buddhas], (may I obtain all distinctive marks [= lakṣaṇa-];) |
| a2 | (may I achieve) the excellent (position) of meditation, [which is] more solid than a diamond; may I also completely vanquish Māra, the divine king of death; |
| a2+ | may I turn the wheel of the Law [that] has not been turned for a long time." (3) |
| a3 | After having sought (in this fashion) the wish for the dignity of Buddhahood, (the king Ambara) gave [the land of] Jambudvīpa as a gift to a Brahmin. |
| a3+ | Then this Brahmin, after having obtained the Jambudvīpa as gift, bec(ame) full of joy. |
| a4 | (The king) left the palace with (good instructions). |
| a4+ | Now there in the whole Jambudvīpa the renown of the king Ambara was heard of, [namely] the goodness based on the giving of everything, because he gave as a gift [his] whole harem, [his] whole (country, all [his] sons [and] daughters to Jyotīrasa). |
| a5 | Thereupon the Brahmins had [this] talk with each other: "It is not that difficult if one gives as gift external objects. |
| a5+ | It is [more] difficult if one (is to give as gift parts) of [his] own body. |
| a6 | Let us see the decision of this king [concerning] the giving of everything: we will ask from him all [his] body parts bit by bit. |
| a6+ | After having said that, the Brahmin Roca (left) the border[s] of [his] own country. |
| b1 | (Thereupon he says to himself:) (║) In [the tune] (Bahu)dantaka ║ From many [human] beings one hears statements [such as]: "I, I will do this, [and] I will also do that", [but] they keep (att)ach(ed) [concerning] the gift of [their own] limbs. |
| b1+ | [When] they will come to this thing, these ones will be recognized in this great renouncement of life ([as ones] who have remained resolute). |
| b2 | (For this reason) now I will see the (fixed) resolution of this king to abandon all [his] limbs. I will ask both his two feet as gift of him. If he will abanbon that, then I will recognize for sure his resolution [to be] a giver of everything. |
| b2+ | Then this Brahmin Roca, (full of envy,) came into the land of king Ambara. |
| b3 | Thereupon, after the Brahmin had entered the palace, the king instantly saw him [and] with delight rose against him, seized [his] hand, |
| b3+ | (let him sit) on the throne, |
| b4 | ([and] with respect) he ask(s): "For what reason has the teacher come here?" The Brahmin says: ║ In [the tune] Madanabhārata ║ "Having heard of your good renown, o great king, because of [your] inclination towards the wish (of all-giving) you ... have emitted a [lion's] roar (in all directions); |
| b5 | you have let rain a rain of gifts onto the earth. 1. If someone gives external objects as gift, this is not so marvellous. Know this: |
| b5+ | (If someone gives parts of [his] own) body (as gift, that) is marvellous, |
| b6 | [and] this action of him is perfect. 2. Thereupon the king with a florishing complexion [and] with a smiling gaze looking the Brahmin into the face not being afraid at all |
Other
| a4 | Da aber wurde jetzt im ganzen Jambudvīpa des Königs Ambara Ruhm, der in der Güte, allen zu geben, besteht, gehört [vernahm man ...]. (Schmidt 1974: 218) |
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| a5 | It is not that amazing, if someone gives external things as gift. (cf 239 and passim) (Peyrot 2013b: 705) |
| a6 | Lasst uns von ihm je einzeln (alle) seine Körperteile erbitten. (Schmidt 1974: 149) |
| a6+ | Dies gesprochen habend, (verließ) der Brahmane Roca sein Land. (Schmidt 1974: 299-300) |
| b1 | Vieler Lebewesen Reden werden gehört: Dies werde [will] ich machen, auch jenes werde [will] ich machen. (Schmidt 1974: 218) |
| b2 | (Also for that reason), I will now see the (firm) decision of this king to give up all his limbs. I request both his feet as a gift. If he gives that up, then I will truly know his decision, as a giver of all. (cf 239 and passim) (Peyrot 2013b: 670) |
| b2 | Ich werde von ihm [seine] beiden Füße als Gabe erbitten. Wenn er das hingibt, dann werde ich fürwahr seinen Entschluss, alles zu geben, erkennen. (Schmidt 1974: 152) |
| b3 | Der König erhob sich sogleich voller Freude [wtl. mit Freude] ihm entgegen [und] nahm ihn bei der Hand. (Schmidt 1974: 84) |
| b3+ | Als darauf der Brahmane in den Palast eingetreten war, erblickte ihn der König, erhob sich ihm entgegen, nahm ihn bei der Hand [und] (ließ ihn sich auf den) Sitz (setzen). (Schmidt 1974: 395-6) |
Commentary
Remarks
| An almost complete leaf, consisting of two pieces. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | The meter has 4 x 15 syllables (7/8 or 8/7). |
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| n2 | The colon boundary seems to fall inside the vowel sandhi: laukaññe+eṣpirttacce. |
| n3 | The meter has 4 x 25 syllabes (5/5/8/7). |
| n4 | The plural form rilñeṣṣeṃ is strange; if it is not simply a mistake, the number may have been referring to two missing complements in the lacuna such as (prakrauñe epre)tñe. |
| n5 | The meter has 4 x 12 syllabes (4/4/4). |
References
Editions
Lévi 1912; Thomas 1965; Pinault 2012
Translations
Couvreur 1955: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (112); Lévi 1912: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6; Meunier 2013: a6 (149); Peyrot 2013b: a5 (705), b2 (670); Pinault 2012: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6; Schmidt 1974: a4 (218), a6 (149), a6 b1 (299-300), b1 (218), b2 (152), b3 (84), b3 b4 (395-6)
Bibliography
Couvreur, Walter. 1955. “Nieuwe Koetsjische fragmenten van de Bibliothèque Nationale te Parijs.” In Handelingen van het Eenentwintigste Vlaams Filologencongres, 110–16.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1912. “Une légende du Karuṇā-Puṇḍarīka en langue tokharienne.” In Festschrift Vilhelm Thomsen zur Vollendung des siebzigsten Lebensjahres am 25. Januar 1912, dargebracht von Freunden und Schülern, 155–65. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2012. “La parfaite générosité du roi Ambara (PK NS 32).” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 221–43.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Thomas, Werner. 1965. “Das Fragment M 500, 4/5 der Sammlung Pelliot.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 79: 192–202.
