THT 30
| Known as: | THT 30; B 30 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 30". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht30 (accessed 30 Nov. 2023). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Šorčuq |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 68.28 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
| Passage: | Book 12 (Mārgavarga), part 2, strophes 22-33. |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M15 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra B |
| Preceding fragment: | THT 29 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Transliteration
(continues from THT 29)
| a1 | kle nta 20-1 te klyau ṣā re ma kā ykne tu ypa rwe pa lsko kau nāṃ ne : mā ne saṃ la kle nta meṃ tsa lpā lñe po ykne seṃ ṣke tse : cai to¯ ¯t wro cci rṣā ki mā lkle nta nau tṣa reṃ ṣke tse : mā wa tnai |
|---|---|
| a2 | sā¯ ¯u tne ne saṃ ytā rye ksa la kle nau tṣṣe ñca : 20 2 ce¯ ¯ts ce¯ ¯u si lñe pa lsko ntse la kle s̝pa wī ka ssi po yśi : toṃ ślo ka nma we rtsyai ne ā kṣa ce¯ ¯ts pa lsko tsā rwä ssi¯ ¯ś • eṃ ṣke |
| a3 | tse ā ra tsi śco yā ta tsi¯ ¯ś a sta rñe¯ ¯ś ṣe ko : s[e] rke cme lñe sru ka lñe ntseṃ ṣke tse nau ta lñe yā mtsi 20 3 snai ke¯ ¯ś cme la ka rsa tsi śco s̝pa tne ytā rye sā śpā lmeṃ : śai |
| a4 | ṣṣe [ka] r·au cai sa a pā ka rtse yā mu sa klyo mña : ga ṅkne ke kmu ma kte yai ku nā ki ṣe [sa] re s̝s̝aṃ wa¯ ¯r • sa mu dra mpa tai kne sa ytā rye sā o kta tsā kṣu sa 20 4 |
| a5 | – – – o nu wa ññe yä nmā tsi¯ ¯ś ce wa ce ślo¯ ¯k : ñä kte¯ ¯ts ña kte ā kṣo mte tsā rwä ssi¯ ¯ś ceṃ wno lmeṃ : te ra¯ ¯mt śā rsa me ne saṃ ytā rye tne saṃ ṣā rmeṃ |
| a6 | – – – – – t[s]e la kle nta meṃ tsa lpa tsi¯ ¯ś o kta tsa klyo mña 20 5 po kle śa nma nä kṣe ñca po cme l[a¯] [¯ts] ā ke yā mṣe ñca : te ki ktsai tsñe sru ka lñe cme lñe s̝pa ka rstau ca ra |
| a7 | /// [ta] llā ñco wro cci ra rṣā ki : a ṅkaiṃ ytā ra sa mo [k]ṣcai ñä ske nta¯ ¯r tu – m[ā] klpā skeṃ 20 6 ñi no ytā rye ā kṣu sa o kta tsa cme la nau tṣe ñca : ṣu¯ ¯kt |
| a8 | /// yä nmā s̝s̝a m : ma kte wra nta cke nta meṃ kā rpaṃ kwri gā [ṅkn]e – ·t· ṅka : po pe rne nta ma ske nta¯ ¯r po ya neṃ sa mu dta rścai wo¯ ¯l 20 7 ma¯ ¯nt bra hma |
| b1 | /// [:] n· rvā ·[ä¯] [¯ś] po ai wo lyci ma ske nta rlna [sk]· – – m· : pu dñä kte ntse ke ktseṃ ne lkā ṣyeṃ cai ye tweṃ la kṣā nta : ke ṣe ai ksna¯ ¯r wä |
| b2 | /// ·t· ysā ṣṣe 20 8 śle we re po kle śa nma yai k[o¯] [¯s̝] yu ko¯ ¯s̝ śtwe rm· [raṃ] : ṣa¯ ¯ñä ka rtse kuce yā mṣa te tu wno lmi ke klyau ṣo¯ ¯s̝ ṣe yeṃ : kuce kne sa ke tra |
| b3 | /// [t]· śa kk· ññe rṣā ke : ce¯ ¯u sklo¯ ¯k pkā te śai ṣṣe ntse ka rsta tsi ce ślo ka kṣā me 20 9 [kus]e pe lai kne ṣṣe kre¯ ¯nt ce¯ ¯u ye rkwa ntai e ṅklyau s̝a cce nau¯ ¯s̝ • ṣpyā rta po o no |
| b4 | – – – – [ñ]ñ· ñca ke tra sa ntāṃ ne : ce¯ ¯u tu yä kne sa ña kteṃ śā mna ne śpā lmeṃ o no lmeṃ : ṣe¯ ¯k wi nā ṣṣi cme lṣe ce¯ ¯u sa mu dta¯ ¯r to tte yku we ṣo 30 pe |
| b5 | l· kn· [ṣ]· ye rkwa ntai spā rtṣlñe sa tsyā lpā te wno lmeṃ : ṣa¯ ¯ñä ślā lye ṅka¯ ¯ts ka rtse – spe lkke ssu ṣe¯ ¯k sū wi nā ṣle : pe lai kne ṣṣe ye rkwa ntai kuse we sta¯ ¯r |
| b6 | da rśa na mā¯ ¯rk ñe¯ ¯m • śa¯ ¯k pi¯ ¯ś kṣa na nme pi ṅte pī śā ntsi dha rma cā kka¯ ¯r ñe¯ ¯m 30-1 kau ce tte klu tta ṅke nta¯ ¯r toṃ pwe nta cā kre nte spā rtaṃ : kuse tte tā kaṃ kau¯ ¯cä toṃ klu tta ṅke nta¯ ¯r kau cmeṃ |
| b7 | nano¯ ¯k e tte¯ ¯ś pe lai kne ṣṣe pi śpā lmeṃ ca kka rntse ṣe ye rte rye ksna¯ ¯r • śtwā ra pwe nta mā rgā ṅga nta ṣe mra¯ ¯mt ywā rśka ne 30 2 pe lai kne ṣṣe ye rkwa ntai tai kne sa e ṣpi rta cce nau¯ ¯s̝ • pu dñä |
| b8 | kte e ṅklyau s̝a cce ṣpa rtta s̝s̝aṃ mā lle¯ ¯k tu ca mpaṃ : tu ypa rwe ña kti śā mna tsa lpā re pi śtoṃ cme la meṃ : tai kne sa ke tra ka rtse¯ ¯ś pa spā rtau po yśi nā ṣle 30 3 a lye¯ ¯k pre ke |
Transcription
(continues from THT 29)
| 21d | 12σ (la)a1klentan1n2 20-1 |
|---|---|
| 22a | te klyauṣāre ; makāykne ; tu yparwe ; palsko kaunāṃne : |
| 22b | mā nesäṃ läk;lentameṃ ; tsälpālñe ; po-yknes= eṃṣketse : |
| 22c | cai tot wrocci ; rṣāki mā ; lklenta ; nautṣar= eṃṣketse : |
| 22d | mā wat nai a2 sāu ; tne nesäṃ ; ytārye ksa ; lakle nautṣṣeñca : 20-2 |
| 23a | cets ceu silñe ; pälskontse ; lakle ṣpä ; wīkässi poyśi : |
| 23b | toṃ ślokanma ; wertsyaine ; ākṣa cets ; palsko tsārwässiś • |
| 23c | eṃṣkea3tsen3 ; āratsiśco ; yātatsiś ; astarñeś ṣeko : |
| 23d | serke cmelñe ; srukalñents= ; eṃṣketse ; nautalñe yāmtsi 20-3 |
| 24a | snai keś cmela kar;satsiśco ; ṣpä tne ; ytārye sā śpālmeṃ : |
| 24b | śaia4ṣṣen4 kär(s)aucaisa a;pākärtse ; yāmusa klyomña : |
| 24c | gaṅkne kekmu mäkte yaiku ; nāki ṣesa reṣṣäṃ war • |
| 24d | samudrämpa ; taiknesa ; ytārye sā ; oktats= ākṣusa 20-4 |
| 25a | a5 – – – ; onuwaññe ; yänmātsiś ; ce wace ślok : |
| 25b | ñäktets ñakte ; ākṣ= omte ; tsārwässiś ; ceṃ wnolmeṃ : |
| 25c | te ramt śārsa;me nesäṃ ; ytārye tne ; saṃṣārmeṃ a6 – – (:) |
| 25d | – – tse läk;lentameṃ ; tsälpatsiś ; oktatsa klyomña 20-5 |
| 26a | po kleśanma ; näkṣeñca ; po cmelats ; āke yāmṣeñca : |
| 26b | teki ktsaitsñe ; srukalñe ; cmelñe ṣpä ; kärstauca ra a71σ |
| 26c | 4σ /// ; tallāñco ; wrocci ra rṣāki : |
| 26d | aṅkaiṃ ytāra;sa mokṣ cai ; ñäskentär ; tu – mā klpāskeṃ 20-6 |
| 27a | ñi no ytārye ; ākṣusa ; oktatsa ; cmela nautṣeñca : |
| 27b | ṣukt a8 11σ /// yänmāṣṣäm : |
| 27c | mäkte wranta ; ckentameṃ ; kārpaṃ kwri ; gāṅkne (ait)t(a)ṅka : |
| 27d | po pernenta ; mäskentär ; po yaneṃ ; samudtärśc aiwol 20-7 |
| 28a | mant brahmab1(lo,käś) 10σ /// : |
| 28b | n(e)rvā(n)äś po ; aiwolyci ; mäskentar ; lnask(eṃ) (osta)m(eṃ) : |
| 28c | pudñäktentse ; kektseṃne ; lkāṣyeṃ cai ; yetweṃ lakṣānta : |
| 28d | keṣe aiksnar ; wä… b2 /// ·t· ysāṣṣe 20-8 |
| 29a | śle were po ; kleśanma ; yaikoṣ ; yukoṣ śtwer m· räṃ : |
| 29b | ṣañ kartse kuce ; yāmṣate ; tu wnolmi ; keklyauṣoṣ ṣeyeṃ : |
| 29c | kuceknesa ket ; ra b3 /// t· ; śakk(e)ññe rṣāke : |
| 29d | ceu sklok pkāte ; śaiṣṣentse ; karstatsi ; ce ślok akṣāme 20-9 |
| 30a | kuse pelaikneṣ;ṣe krent ceu ; yerkwantai ; eṅklyauṣäcce nauṣ • |
| 30b | ṣpyārta po ono ; b4 – – – – ññ· ñca ; ket ra santāṃne : |
| 30c | ceu tu yäkne;sa ñakteṃ ; śāmnane ; śpālmeṃ onolmeṃ : |
| 30d | ṣek wināṣṣi ; cmelṣe ceu ; samudtär ; totte ykuweṣo 30 |
| 31a | peb5l(ai)kn(eṣ)ṣ(e) ; yerkwantai ; spārtṣlñesa ; tsyālpāte wnolmeṃ : |
| 31b | ṣañ śl= ālyeṅkäts ; kartse – ; spelkkessu ; ṣek sū wināṣle : |
| 31c | pelaikneṣṣe ; yerkwantai ; kuse westär ; b6 darśanamārk ñem • |
| 31d | śak piś kṣananm= ; epiṅte ; pīś āntsi ; dharmacākkär ñem 30-1 |
| 32a | kauc ette klut;taṅkentär ; toṃ pwenta ; cākr ente spārtaṃ : |
| 32b | kus= ette tākaṃ ; kauc toṃ klut;taṅkentär ; kaucmeṃ b7 nänok etteś «:» |
| 32c | pelaikneṣṣe;pi śpālmeṃ ; cakkarntse ; ṣe yerter yeksnar • |
| 32d | śtwāra pwenta ; mārgāṅganta ; ṣem ramt ywārśkane 30-2 |
| 33a | pelaikneṣṣe ; yerkwantai ; taiknesa ; eṣpirtacce nauṣ • |
| 33b | pudñäb8kten5 eṅ;klyauṣäcce ; ṣparttaṣṣaṃ ; mā= llek tu campäṃ : |
| 33c | tu yparwe ñak;ti śāmna ; tsälpāre ; piś toṃ cmelameṃ : |
| 33d | taiknesa ket ; ra kartseś ; paspārtau ; poyśi «wi»nāṣle 30-3 |
| 34a | alyek preke ; 11σ |
Translation
(continues from THT 29)
| a1 | [21d] |
|---|---|
| a1 | sufferings. This they heard, [and] manifold thereupon they divided [their] thinking: There is no deliverance from the sufferings in any permanent path. These so great sages have not made the sufferings disappear permanently. |
| a1+ | Here there is not this path yet that makes the suffering disappear. |
| a2 | [22d] |
| a2 | [In order] to drive out from these this depression of the mind and the suffering, the Omniscient proclaimed the strophes in the assembly, to comfort their mind: To permanently cease and continually be capable of purity, to make disappear the cycle of birth and death [23d] and to recognize the countless births this path as the best one was revealed by the one who knows the world, the noble. |
| a4 | [24d] |
| a4 | Just like the water having come into the Gaṅgā flows together flawlessly with the ocean, in this way [also] this eightfold path which has been proclaimed (flows) |
| a5 | ... to reach immortality, this strophe as the second the God of Gods proclaimed there, to comfort these beings. This also he made them know: |
| a5+ | There is here [only] one way out of the Saṃsāra (towards the permanent) deliverance (of the world) from the sufferings, [namely] the eightfold, noble, [25d] destroying all kleśas, making all births end, like cutting off desease, old-age, death and birth. |
| a7 | [26d] |
| a7 | The miserable (beings have missed the path), even great sages. On a wrong path they are desiring deliverance, therefore they do not achieve [it]. But the eightfold path proclaimed by me [is] destroying the births. |
| a7+ | The seven (factors of enlightenment) ... it reaches. |
| a8 | Like the waters from the rivers, when they descend directed towards the Gaṅgā, all become glorious, all go towards the sea, [27d] |
| a8+ | [just] so (towards the) Brahma(world)... |
| b1 | ... all are turned towards the Nirvāṇa [and] go (from the house). On the body of the Buddha they see the jewel[signs] and characteristics (of excellence), [and] (on the body) fathom wide rays covered his golden skin which, together with odour, drove off all kleśas and defeated the four Māras. |
| b2 | , [28d], |
| b2 | [His] own good, which he had done, of it the beings had heard. |
| b2+ | In what way, however, (for everyone he did good things, the) sage of the Śākyas, |
| b3 | [29d] |
| b3 | the world’s doubt [about this] he intended to cut off, [and] he proclaimed this strophe to them: He who turned the good wheel of the law, thus far unheard, all beings he loves, for everyone in [his] cycle of births, such a being like this, most excellent among gods and men, one shall at all times venerate as the one having passed across the sea of birth. |
| b4 | [30d] |
| b4+ | By the turning of the wheel of the law he freed the beings; |
| b5 | he, the one always striving for [his] own [salvation and], equally, the salvation of the others, is to be venerated. [The turning] of the wheel of the law, which is called the Darśanamārga ["the path of vision”] by name. |
| b6 | Within fifteen moments the five elements turn, – hence the name Dharmacakra [“wheel of the law”] – , [31d] above and below. The spokes that are below when the wheel turns, they turn upwards |
| b6+ | and again from above downwards. |
| b7 | [32d] |
| b7 | Of the splendid wheel of the law the one felloe around, the four spokes as well as [the axle] in the centre [are], as it were, the Mārgāṅgas [“the sections of the path”]. In this way the Buddha the wheel of the law, the thus far unturned and unheard of he turns |
| b8 | [33d] |
| b8 | and no one else can do this. Thereupon gods and men were freed from the five [kinds of] births. The one having acted in this way towards the salvation of everyone, the Omniscient must be venerated. At another time |
Other
| a1 | Dieses hörten sie, [und] vielfach spalteten sie darauf ihr Denken. (Schmidt 1974: 335-6) |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Or isn't there any way here that makes sorrow disappear? (Peyrot 2013c: 354) |
| a7 | Die unglücklichen (Wesen haben den Weg verfehlt), auch große Weise. Auf falschem Wege suchen sie die Erlösung, deshalb erlangen sie [sie] nicht. (Schmidt 1974: 154) |
| a8+ | [Just as] the waters from the rivers, if they descend towards the Ganges, all become glorious and all go towards the ocean, so to the Brahma world … all are turned towards the nirvāṇa and leave the house. (cf : ii, 50) (Peyrot 2013c: 681) |
| b4+ | Durch das Drehen des Gesetzesrades erlöste er [scil. der Buddha] die Wesen. (Schmidt 1974: 508) |
| b5 | ... durch das Drehen des Gesetzesrades ... (Schmidt 1974: 224, fn. 10) |
| b5+ | "Gesetzesrad" [ist das], was darśanamārga [Weg der Erkenntnis] mit Namen genannt wird. (Schmidt 1974: 224) |
| b6+ | Up and down turn those spokes when the wheel turns: those which are down turn upwards, [and] from above again downwards. (cf : ii, 51) (Peyrot 2013c: 704) |
| b6+ | Innerhalb von fünfzehn Augenblicken drehen sich die fünf Skandhas, - [daher] der Name Dharmacakra [Rad des Gesetzes] - oben [und] unten um. Die Speichen, welche, wenn das Rad sich dreht, [gerade] unten sind, die drehen sich nach oben um [und] von oben wiederum nach unten. (Schmidt 1974: 272-3) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Uv 12.14-12.16 |
Philological commentary
| This leaf immediately follows THT 29 and contains strophes 22-33 of the second part of the Mārgavarga (XII) in a 4x15-syllable-metre (rhythm = 7/8 and 8/7). Contains translation of Uv 12.14-12.16. | |
| n1 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 65 fn. 2 the reading kaunāṃne should be corrected to kautāṃtein the transcription. |
| n2 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 65 fn1. |
| n4 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 65 fn. 4 the reading sa should be corrected to sā in the transcription. |
| n5 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 66 fn. 9 nāṣle is a scribal error for wināṣle. |
Remarks
| The original manuscript is missing, but was the leaf immediately following THT 29. Almost complete with only the left bottom corner missing. |
Linguistic commentary
| n3 | astarñeś for astaräññeśc. |
|---|
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1949: I, 50-51; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 65-66 notes 196-198
Translations
Barnes 2013: b4 (41); Carling 2000: a4 (251, 346), a5 (345, 352), a7 (94), b1 (221, 249), b4 (228, 229), b6 (325); Hackstein 1995: a2 (297), a4 (332), b2 (98); Krause 1952: a2 a3 a4 (33), a3 (41), a4 (34), a4 (44), a5 (61), a6 a7 (44), a8 (52), b2 (35), b2 (53), b4 (34), b5 (41); Thomas and Krause 1964: b1 (56), b5 b6 (56); Malzahn 2012b: a3 (159); Meunier 2013: a3 a4 (129-130), a3 a4 (141), a6 (167); Peyrot 2013c: a1 a2 (354), a8 b1 (681), b6 b7 (704); Schmidt 1974: a1 (335f), a1 (335-6), a7 (154), b4 b5 (508), b5 (224, fn. 10), b5 b6 (224), b6 b7 (272f), b6 b7 (272-3); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 49-51); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a2 a3 (196), b2 (197), b4 (197), b5 b6 (198), b8 (198); Thomas 1952: a1 (56), a3 (59), a6 (60); Thomas 1954a: a2 (721), a2ff (751), a5 (752), a5 a6 (712), a5 a6 (754), b2 b3 (720); Thomas 1957: a1 (195), a2 (165, 168), a2 a3 a4 (284), a5 (168, 169), b2 (228, 298), b3 b4 (226); Thomas 1958b: b3 (291); Thomas 1958a: b3 b4 (146); Thomas 1967a: b8 (265); Thomas 1966: a3 a4 (169); Thomas 1967c: b5 b6 (74), b6 (73); Thomas 1967d: a2 (171), a2ff (177), a6 (168); Thomas 1968b: a4 a5 (214), a5 (203); Thomas 1969a: b1 b2 (267); Thomas 1970b: a5 (277), b2 (265); Thomas 1972b: a6 (469), b6 (452), b6 b7 (452); Thomas 1976b: b4 (224); Thomas 1976a: a6 (79); Thomas 1979b: a1 a2 (62), a3 a4 (36), a5 (29); Thomas 1979e: b2 (151), b5 (156); Thomas 1983a: a8 (45), a8 (45), b4 (13); Thomas 1986: b6 b7 (141); Thomas 1989: b3 b4 (31); Thomas 1990: b2 (34); Thomas 1997: a8 (104), a8 (93), b1 (97)
Bibliography
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Thomas, Werner. 1968b. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1969a. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A ptāñkät [B pañäkte, pudñäkte], A koṃ [B kauṃ]: A koṃñkät [B kauṃñäkte] usw.” Orbis 18: 235–68.
Thomas, Werner. 1970b. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1972b. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1976a. “Zu Konjunktion yo und Instrumentalaffix -yo in Tocharisch A.” Indogermanische Forschungen 80: 71–79.
Thomas, Werner. 1976b. “Zur tocharischen Entsprechung von skt. tāyin.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 89: 221–30.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1979e. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.
Thomas, Werner. 1983a. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1986. “Zur Stellung von toch. A nuṃ, B nano ‘wieder’ innerhalb des Satzes.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 99: 117–46.
Thomas, Werner. 1989. Probleme der Übertragung buddhistischer Texte ins Tocharische. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 10. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1990. Tocharische Maitreya-Parallelen aus Hami. Vol. 1. SbWGF. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Thomas, Werner, and Wolfgang Krause. 1964. Tocharisches Elementarbuch, Band II. Texte und Glossar. Heidelberg: Winter.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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