CEToM | THT 108
Known as: | THT 108; B 108 |
---|---|
Cite this page as: | Adrian Musitz (translation). "THT 108". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht108&outputformat=print (accessed 08 Sep. 2024). |
Edition | |
Editor: | Adrian Musitz (translation) |
Provenience | |
Main find spot: | Sengim |
Specific find spot: | Sängimer Schlucht |
Expedition code: | T II S 42 |
Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
Language: | TB |
Linguistic stage: | late |
Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
Passage: | Conversion of the Kāśyapa brothers |
Text genre: | Literary |
Text subgenre: | Buddha legend |
Meter: | M25; M14_11_11_11; M18; M15 |
Object | |
Manuscript: | THT 107f. |
Material: | ink on paper |
Form: | Poṭhī |
Number of lines: | 10 |
lf | 100 – – |
---|---|
a1 | /// ka ṣṣi ntse e ne ppre ma¯ ¯nt śi mā re – – re ka llo ye – – – hā śra ma ṇa • /// /// pā¯ ¯t ka ll· – – – – – |
a2 | /// – pā ṣṣo rññe pa ske [m]tta¯ ¯r • pa ñi kt[e] [ka] – [we] [ñā] [m]e¯ ¯ś ci sso kā śya pi a kla ṣlyeṃ pa plā ksa¯ ¯r ·l· – sso¯ ¯ś ai ko¯ ¯s̝ ka rso – – śce¯ ¯r krau pe ntse ta tā s· – – – [¯r] a mplā ka tte mā ri tte ta rme o |
a3 | /// yā kā śya pe ṣa¯ ¯ñä ma ske lye ya ke ne e nte mai ta re a kla ṣlyeṃ po e ṣe krau pa ṣṣa re we ñā rme¯ ¯ś || ba hu pra hā rne || kau śmai ta¯ ¯m lya kā¯ ¯m mo koṃ pro ta¯ ¯r we¯ ¯s śle a kla ṣlyeṃ po wa te sa o sta |
a4 | /// [c]· wä¯ ¯ś o sta meṃ lna ske¯ ¯m cau wa¯ ¯k ya kne e ṅka ske mtta¯ ¯r ma kcau pro ce¯ ¯r e [ṅ]· te : [ka] nte i kaṃ s[u] pi [ku]la ññe – ste cau pi lyca lñe ṣa¯ ¯ñä ri ntsa te ri na ske mtta¯ ¯r |
a5 | – – – – (–) y·¯ ¯s ma kte ma ś·e – – [¯s] sa su śkaṃ po ñe¯ ¯s e mpreṃ o stmeṃ la ntsi ca mñce¯ ¯r mā wa¯ ¯t – – mpa [:] [1] || te ke klyau ṣo· m· – – wi – rka nte pi śā ka¯ ¯r e ṣe meṃ pi¯ ¯ś ka nte ja ṭi la ñi po kke ñi sa lymā |
a6 | – w· ñ[ā] re ye¯ ¯s upā dhyā y· we si sai¯ ¯ymä wa ste ṣe yce rme • e śa ne klau sa ne ṣe yce rme ka rtstse yo lo lkā tsi klyau ssi sa • ka rtstse ka lā tsi ye sa nmeṃ ma ñu sa ṣe ye¯ ¯m • i nte ye¯ ¯s we si pa nta¯ ¯ñä |
a7 | ma hā śra ma neṃ ka ṣṣiṃ a rtta sta¯ ¯r ṣa¯ ¯ñä wra¯ ¯t lau ta rka na ce¯ ¯r we¯ ¯s ce ā kti ke ne se¯ ¯m • pa¯ ¯s wä tkau sta rme pa lsko ne • se ye si śa rāṃ ā rtta lñe tā kaṃ cau ye¯ ¯s te ri ne ri ttā tra cau ne [•] – [¯k] |
a8 | we¯ ¯s ri tte mtta¯ ¯r • ce¯ ¯m ce ci sso upā dhyā yi ma [hā] [śra] – – – po staṃ we¯ ¯s yne mne • tu meṃ ce¯ ¯yä wi o mpro ta rcci kā śya [pi] ṣe sa – – ṣlyeṃ mpa mai ta re pa ñi kte ka ṣṣi ñi¯ ¯ś ke ka mo¯ ¯s̝ yi rṣā nte || pu ṣṇā va tiṃ ne || ma hā śra |
a9 | ma ṇa – ṣe we rts·ai [c]e y[na] [s]e kme¯ ¯m ta¯ ¯ñä pai yne ṣṣai sai¯ ¯ymä yā mske mtta¯ ¯r o ski [ye] – – – p[lya] tstsa rme tsa lpa ṣṣa rme – – – – – – p[ā] ke¯ ¯ś pe lai kne o nwa ññe : 1 || pa ñi kte ka ṣṣi pi¯ ¯ś wa ka nma sa yai tu sai we śe |
a10 | ññai sa ka – – – – – – [k]· [m]o ṣa mā ñi pā ṣṣa¯ ¯t pa pā ṣṣo rñe • te to¯ ¯t [w]e /// /// [n]e ksa te me • ka ṣā¯ ¯r wä [ssa] n[m]a ka¯ ¯s̝ ke ktse ñ[tsa] lya kā nte me • [k]reṃ – |
b1 | i ry· – – – – – – – – pyau tka re • o sta meṃ la lñe wa saṃ npā¯ ¯t ṣa /// /// [kā] śya peṃ wi nā ṣṣa – – – sth· ne lymā ·e || [r]ṣa[¯] [¯p] [ṣa] lywe ma |
b2 | lkwe rne || sā¯ ¯ñ[ä] u pā· n· – pa stye po yśi sa swe ja ṭi lñe sā ṅkpa¯ ¯s wā ya • – – – – cau yke meṃ ly· tka [ṣṣ]· – – – – – – kw· – – [•] rā ja rṣi ṣe¯ ¯yä ga ye ñe¯ ¯m o¯ ¯m ma ske ñca cwi ñe mtsa wa rtto klā wa • ga |
b3 | yā śi rṣñe¯ ¯m ta ṅkwa ññe o mteṃ po yśi ne [sñ]·e [ya] [ma] ṣṣa te 1 || tu meṃ tre¯ ¯yä ś[ai] ṣṣ·¯ ¯s ka ṣṣi ce yna yä ltse tre¯ ¯yä ja ṭi l· ·ū r[va] [k]aṃ ṣa mā neṃ bha vā kkä rṣṣai yo ñi yai eṃ ṣke ka tka ssi a ñma ssu • ta rya o ro tstsa na pra |
b4 | ti ha ri nta sa lkā te me¯ ¯ś • ra ddhi la ka ṣñe ṣṣe pra ti ha ri • pa lsko s̝a rpa lñe ṣṣe pra ti ha ri • e nä ṣñe ṣṣe pra ti ha ri • ra ddhi ce ykne sa la ka ṣṣa me || ya ti ka ṣṣe ne || a sā [nm]eṃ te [t]kā¯ ¯[k]s̝ |
b5 | ·e [k]·[a] te ka lymiṃ la kā ṣyeṃ ce¯ ¯yä ko mpi rko meṃ i ppre rne ka¯ ¯s̝ lya kā rne • i ryā pa thä nta śwā [ra] yā mṣa te lya ma śa ma ma so rka ntai le¯ ¯k ya ma ṣṣa lyśa lyñe ṣṣe • ca rka ke ktse ñmeṃ swa ñcai¯ ¯ñä |
b6 | – – ·ä s·o w[ra] nta ca(·) k· – – [m]eṃ pa rya ri nta pai yne meṃ • śwā ra ka lymiṃ po prau tka rne rmi ·eṃ ·o y[ś]i [nta] sa ca rka pra yo¯ ¯k [a] sāṃ ne ka¯ ¯s̝ lya kā rne • 1 || tu meṃ ñi kte ññi kte ce yna ja ṭi la pu rva kaṃ |
b7 | /// ykne sā kke ka mo ṣe pi ra ddhi la ka ṣñe ste • ña ke pa lsko s̝a [rpa] lñe ñe ma ce [pra] ti ha [r]· – [l]k· – – ·e [t]ai se ye si ña ke pa lsko nta sta re • twe tai seṃ pa lska na¯ – |
b8 | /// po ta sā te me śi rsā me tu ypa rwe ja ṭi lñi ṣa mā ñi wi smai klau tkā re we ñā re • tkā – ṛ ddhi ṣṣe yā ta lñe ā kti ke ṣe¯ ¯yä se au ṣa¯ ¯p ā [kti] ke ste mā lkā lye pa lsko po nta¯ ¯s ma kte lya |
b9 | /// [pra] ti ha ri nta sa ce y[n]a ta ka rṣ·aṃ ke kl· [tk]o [rmeṃ] kuce [tu] pwā rntse ya rke ya ma ṣṣe ñcaṃ ṣe yeṃ tu y· rwe tu wa¯ ¯k ko tta rcce pe lai [k]·e [ā] ksi a ñma ssu ka kā me we ñā [m]e¯ ¯ś || su wā ññe¯ ¯u wā ta ta ne || |
b10 | /// m[ā] tu ñi śña ke a ksau mme • e[¯] [¯k] – – sa lpaṃ ru¯ ¯p – – pa lsko sa lpaṃ e ka ṣ·e • [te] /// /// ññe • 1 || k[wr]i – – – – |
lf | 100 – – |
a1 | /// käṣṣintse eneppre mant śimāre (weñā)re källoye – – – hāśramaṇa • /// /// pāt käll· – – – – – |
---|---|
a2 | /// (pa)pāṣṣorññe paskemttär • pañikte kä(ṣṣi) weñā-meś cisso kāśyapi aklaṣlyeṃpa plāksar n1 ·l· – ssoś aikoṣ kärso – – ścer kraupentse tatās· – – – r amplākätte mā rittetär-me o |
a3 | /// yākāśyape ṣañ mäskelye yakene ente maitare aklaṣlyeṃ po eṣe kraupäṣṣare weñār-meś ॥ bahuprahārne ॥ |
1a | kauś maitam lyakām ; mokoṃ protär wes ; śle aklaṣlyeṃ ; po watesa ; osta a4 5σ |
---|---|
1b | 3σ /// c(e)wäś ; ostameṃ lnaskem ; cauwak yakne ; eṅkaskemttär ; mäkcau procer ; eṅ(sa)te : |
1c | kante ikäṃ su ; pikulaññe – ste ; caun2 pilycalñe ; ṣañ rintsate ; rinaskemttär ; a5 – – – – – 3σ |
1d | y(e)s mäkte maś·e ; – – s säsuśkaṃ ; poñes empreṃ ; ostmeṃ lantsi ; camñcer mā wat ; (wesä)mpa : 1 ॥ |
te keklyauṣo(r)m(eṃ) – – wi(yā)r känte piśākar eṣemeṃ piś känte jaṭiläñi po kkeñisa lymā | |
a6 | n3 (re) w(e)ñāre yes upādhyāy(i) wesi saiym waste ṣeycer-me • eśane klausane ṣeycer-me kartstse yolo lkātsi klyaussisa • kartstse kälātsi yesanmeṃ mañusa ṣeyem • inte yes wesi pantañ |
a7 | mahāśramaneṃ käṣṣiṃ arttastär ṣañ wrat lau tärkanacer wes ce āktike nesem • päs wätkau star-me palskone • se yesi śarāṃ ārttalñe tākaṃ cau yes terine rittāträ caune • – k |
a8 | wes rittemttär • cem ce n4 cisso upādhyāyi mahāśra – – – postäṃ wes ynem-ne • tumeṃ cey wi omprotärcci kāśyapi ṣesa (akla)ṣlyeṃmpa maitare pañikte käṣṣiñiś kekamoṣ yirṣānte ॥ puṣṇāvatiṃne ॥ |
1a | mahāśra a9 ma;ṇa (e)ṣe ; werts(y)ai{mpa} cey;nas ekmem |
---|---|
1b | tañ paiyneṣṣai saiym ; yāmskemttär oskiye (:) |
1c | (ostmeṃ) plyatstsar-me ; tsalpäṣṣar-me – – |
1d | – – – – 3σ pākeś ; pelaikne onwaññe : 1 ॥ |
pañikte käṣṣi piś wakanmasa yaitusai weśe- | |
a10 | -ññaisa ka – – – – – – k· mo ṣamāñi pāṣṣat papāṣṣorñe • te tot we /// /// neksate-me • kaṣār wässanma ka ṣ kektseñtsa lyakānte-me • kreṃ(ta) |
b1 | iry(apathänta) – – – – – pyautkare • ostameṃ lalñe wasaṃnpāt ṣa /// /// kāśyapeṃ wināṣṣa – – – sth· ne lymā(r)e ॥ rṣap-ṣalywe-ma- |
b2 | -lkwerne ॥ |
1a | sāñ upā(y)n(e) ; (e)pastye ; poyśi saswe ; jaṭilñe ; sāṅk päs wāya • |
---|---|
1b | – – – – ; cau ykemeṃ ; ly· tkäṣṣ· – ; – – – – 3σ ; – kw· – – • |
1c | rājarṣi ṣey ; gaye ñem ; om mäskeñca ; cwi ñemtsa ; wartto klāwa • |
1d | ga b3 yāśirṣ ñem ; täṅkwaññe ; omteṃ poyśi ; nes ñ·e ; yamaṣṣate 1 ॥ |
tumeṃ trey śaiṣṣ(eṃ)s käṣṣi ceyna yältse trey jaṭil(ap)ūrvakaṃ ṣamāneṃ bhavākkärṣṣai yoñiyai eṃṣke katkässi añmassu • tarya orotstsana pra | |
b4 | tiharinta sälkāte-meś • raddhi lakäṣñeṣṣe pratihari • palsko ṣärpalñeṣṣe pratihari • enäṣñeṣṣe pratihari • raddhi ceyknesa lakäṣṣa-me ॥ yatikaṣṣene ॥ |
1a | asānmeṃ tetkā-k ; ṣ b5 (n)ek(s)ate kälymiṃ ; läkāṣyeṃ cey ; kom pirkomeṃ ; ipprerne ka ṣ ; lyakār-ne • |
---|---|
1b | iryāpathänta ; śwāra yāmṣate ; lyama śama ; mas= orkäntai ; lek yamaṣṣa ; lyśalyñeṣṣe • |
1c | carka kektseñmeṃ ; swañcaiñ b6 – – 1σ ·äs·o ; wranta ca·k· ; – – meṃ ; paryarinta ; paiynemeṃ • |
1d | śwāra kälymiṃ po ; prautkar nermi(t)eṃ ; (p)oyśintasa ; carka prayok ; asāṃne ka ṣ ; lyakār-ne • 1 ॥ |
tumeṃ ñikte ññikte ceyna jaṭilapurvakaṃ | |
b7 | /// yknesāk kekamoṣepi raddhi lakäṣñe ste • ñake palsko ṣärpalñe ñemace pratihar(i) – lk· – – ·e taise yesi ñake pälskonta stare • twe taiseṃ pälskana(t) |
b8 | /// po tasāte-me śirsā-me tu yparwe jaṭilñi ṣamāñi wismai klautkāre weñāre • tkā (ra) ṛddhiṣṣe yātalñe āktike ṣey se auṣap āktike ste mā lkālye palsko pontas mäkte lya |
b9 | /// pratiharintasa ceyna takarṣ(k)aṃ kekl(yu)tkormeṃ kuce tu pwārntse yarke yamaṣṣeñcaṃ ṣeyeṃ tu y(pa)rwe tuwak kottarcce pelaik(n)e āksi añmassu kakā-me weñā-meś ॥ suwāññe-uwātatane ॥ |
b10 |
1x | 7σ /// ; mā tu ñiś ; ñake aksau-mme • |
---|---|
1x | ek – – sal;päṃ rup – ; – palsko ; salpäṃ ekaṣ(ṣ)e • |
1d | te /// /// ññe • 1 ॥ |
kwri – – – – |
a1 | Thus they came in front of the teacher. They said: "May we receive..., (Ma)hāśramaṇa. |
---|---|
a2 | ... we practice moral behavior. The Buddha-lord, the teacher, said to them: Go, Kaśyapi, with the students! Ask for agreement... (?) ... of the group... it does not suit you... without permission... |
a2+ | When they came to the place they had to be in, the gathered all the students. |
a3 | They said to them: In the Bahuprahār-tune: We went up. |
a3+ | We saw our older Brother with all the students, (having left) the house again. |
a4 | ... to (go to) him we leave the house. We take up the same manner that our brother took up. This pikᵤlaññe is one hundred and twenty. |
a4+ | Which penance he has given up for himself, we give up. |
a5 | How you... dear sons, tell the truth. Can you leave the house (with us) or not? |
a5+ | Having heard that, five hundred braided (ascetics) together with two hundred and fifty... each all sat down on their knees. |
a6 | They said: You were our teachers, our support and refuge. You were our eayes [and] ears. We were desirous (?) to get goodness from you by hearing and seeing good and evil. |
a6+ | If you, our help[er]s, recognise Mahāśramaṇa as your teacher [and] break [lit. give up] your own vow, why should we be amazed? |
a7 | [It] is decided in our mind: |
a7+ | Whoever may be praised by you as refuge, to which doctrine you bind yourself, to that we bind ourselves too. |
a8 | Thus, go, yon teachers, (to) this Mahāśramaṇa! We will go after. Then the two fraternal Kāśyapi went together with their disciples. Having come to the Buddha-lord, the teacher, they honored him. In the Puṣṇāvati-tune: |
a8+ | Mahāśramaṇa, we have come together with the retinue of those. |
a9 | We make the refuge of your feet our home. Make us leave our home! Liberate us! ... to the part... the immortal law... |
a9+ | The Buddha-lord, the teacher, with his voice adorned by the five distinctions, (said) ... |
a10 | ... monkish ones, practice moral behavior! This... so much... ... disappeared for them. And they saw kaṣār-garments on their bodies. |
a10+ | They created the good īryāpathas... |
b1 | Leaving the house, ordination... (They?) honored the Kāsyapas. ... sat down on... |
b1+ | In the Rṣap-ṣalywe-malkwer-tune. |
b2 | The all-knowing lord, adept in skill and method, lead the braided saṅgha away. ... from the place... There was a Rājarṣi named Gaya who was there. After his name, the lovely Gayāṣirṣ forest was named. |
b3 | There, the Buddha made... |
b3+ | Then, the teacher of the three worlds, wishing to make those thousand and three braided mongs cross the way to Bhavāgra, pulled out three great miracles to them: |
b4 | The miracle of making seen magical power, the miracle of showing the thought and the miracle of teaching. In this way, he showed them magical power: In the Yatikaṣṣe-tune: |
b4+ | He instantly disappeared from his throne. |
b5 | They were looking watching the directions. And they saw him in the sky from the east. He made the four īryāpathas. He sat down, he stood up, he went back and forth, he made the lying-down-gesture. |
b5+ | He sent forth rays from his body... |
b6 | ... waters ... miracles from his feet. The four directions all filled up with artificial Buddhas. He let out prayok (?). And they saw him on his throne (again. |
b6+ | Then, god by god, these braided... |
b7 | It is the making seen of the magical power of the Tathāgata. Now the miracle by the name "showing of the mind"... So are your (Pl.) thoughts now. Xou (Sg.) think this way: |
b8 | He put all... for them, made them know. Thereupon, the braided monks became astonished. They said: The power of (your) magic really was wonderful! Nothing could be seen which is more wonderful. |
b8+ | The thought of everyone, how... |
b9 | [because of] that they were worshipers of the fire, given this/with respect to this/because of this he summoned them wishing to proclaim the Law of the family [and] spoke to them. In the suwāññe-ᵤwātatane-tune: |
b10 | I will not teach that to you [pl.] now. The eye burns (because of?) the form... The mind of the eye burns. |
a6+ | If you, our help[er]s, recognise Mahāśramaṇa as your teacher [and] break [lit. give up] your own vow, why should we be amazed? (cf 394) (Peyrot 2013b: 668) |
---|---|
a6+ | Wenn ihr, unser Beistand [im Toch. Plural] den Mahāśramaṇa als euren Lehrer anerkennt [und] euer eigenes Gelübde aufgebt, was sollten [wtl. sind] wir [da] verwundert sein? (Schmidt 1974: 394) |
a7+ | Whoever may be praised by you as refuge, to which doctrine you bind yourself, to that we bind ourselves too. (Peyrot 2013b: 322) |
a8+ | Darauf machten sich die zwei verbrüderten Kāśyapas zusammen mit [ihren] Schülern auf, [und] zum Buddha, dem Lehrer, gekommen, sprachen sie: "O Mahāśramaṇa! Zusammen (mit) dem Gefolge von diesen sind wir herbeigekommen. Wir nehmen Zuflucht zur Behausung deiner Füße. Lass uns (aus dem Hause) hinausgehen [d.h. lass uns Mönche werden], erlöse uns (von dem Leid, lass uns) den Gesetzes-Nektar zuteil (werden)!" (Schmidt 1974: 433, 468, 483, 508) |
a10 | (Das Jaṭila-Gewand) ... verschwand ihnen, und nur Kaṣāyagewänder wurden an ihrem Körper gesehen. (Schmidt 1974: 234) |
a10 | Ihr [herbei] gekommenen Mönche, übet Sittlichkeit! (Schmidt 1974: 405) |
b1 | I will not teach that to you [pl.] now. (Peyrot 2013b: 656) |
b2 | Der in Kunstfertigkeit [und] upāya geschickte Alleswissende, der Herr, führte die Flechtenträger-Gemeinde fort. (Schmidt 1974: 385) |
b2+ | Es war ein Rājarṣi, Gaya [mit] Namen, sich dort aufhaltend. Nach dessen Namen ist der Hain Gayāśīrṣa [mit]Namen benannt worden. Dort pflegte der Buddha [seinen] Lieblingsaufenthalt zu nehmen. ODER (Thomas 1957): Mit dessen Namen hat er [scil. der Buddha] den Hain Gayāśīrṣa [mit]Namen benannt. Dort pflegte der Buddha [seinen] Lieblingsaufenthalt zu nehmen (Schmidt 1974: 52, 249, 429) |
b5 | Die vier Körperbewegungen führte er vor: [wtl. machte er]: Er setzte sich, stellte sich [hin], ging hin und her [und] machte die Gebärde des Liegens. (Schmidt 1974: 345, fn. 4, 346) |
b9 | Nachdem er [scil. der Buddha] diese [scil. die Flechtenträgermönche] durch die Wunder zu Gläubigen bekehrt hatte, rief er sie in dem Wunsch [wtl. wünschend], [ihnen] mit Rücksicht darauf, dass sie eben Feuerverehrer waren, das ebenderselben Familie angehörige Gesetz [d.h. das ihnen gemäße Gesetz] vorzutragen, [und] sprach zu ihnen: (Schmidt 1974: 379) |
The original manuscript is missing. |
n3 | klyaussisa for klyauṣtsisa. |
---|
n1 | It is unclear why plāksaris in the singular. |
---|---|
n2 | causeems to be used like mäkcauhere. |
n4 | It is unclear what the function of cem ceis. I assume cemis ceym. |
Peyrot 2008 | L |
Tamai 2011 | C14 |
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 43-46
Carling 2000: a1 (356), a5 a6 (215), a8 (234), a10 (219), b3 b4 (323), b6 (170); Hackstein 1995: a2 (59, 115, 174), a4 (223), a5 (259), a9 (345), a10 (174), b4 b5 (85); Hackstein 2012: b9 (124-125); Krause 1952: a3 (38), a5 (64), a9 (153), b6 (178), b9 (35); TEB II: a2 (45), a5 (46), a7 (46), a7 (46); Meunier 2013: a6 (145, 179), a8 (165), a9 (144), b6 (156), b9 (164); Peyrot 2013b: a6 a7 (668), a7 a8 (322), b1 (656), b10 (656); Schmidt 1974: a6 a7 (394), a8 a9 (482f), a8 a9 (433, 468, 483, 508), a9 (433, 468, 508), a10 (234, 405), a10 (234), a10 (405), b2 (385), b2 b3 (52 n.1), b2 b3 (52, 249, 429), b5 (345 n.4), b5 (345, fn. 4, 346), b9 (379); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a2 (257), a6 (258), a7 (258), a8 (258), a9 (259), b2 (260), b3 (260), b4 (260), b5 (287), b6 (261), b8 (262); Thomas 1952: a3 (27), b8 (33); Thomas 1954: a5 (723), a6 (755), a10 (762), b3 b4 (739), b9 (739); Thomas 1957: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 a10 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 (108f), a2 (254), a3 (235), a3 a4 (219), a3 a4 a5 (182), a7 a8 (254), a8 a9 (213), b2 b3 (32, 163), b3 (198), b4 b5 (11), b5 (196), b8 (230), b9 (75); Thomas 1958a: b8 (145); Thomas 1967: b5 (264); Thomas 1967a: b2 (72), b2 b3 (74); Thomas 1967b: a3 (23), a6 (26), b8 (22); Thomas 1968: a5 (224); Thomas 1969b: a4 (55); Thomas 1972: a6 (451), a6 (458), b8 (459); Thomas 1979b: b7 (40), b7 (42), b10 (50); Thomas 1979d: a3 (151); Thomas 1981: a8 (490); Thomas 1983: a2 (18), b5 (14); Thomas 1988: b1 (253); Thomas 1997: a3 (104), a3 (115), a3 a4 (104), a5 a6 (104), b2 (81), b6 (109)
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Hackstein, Olav. 2012. “The evolution of finite complementation in Tocharian.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 117–48.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner, and Wolfgang Krause. 1964. Tocharisches Elementarbuch, Band II. Texte und Glossar. Heidelberg: Winter.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.
Thomas, Werner. 1967. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A yo und B wai.” Central Asiatic Journal 11: 264–74.
Thomas, Werner. 1967a. “Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen.” Indogermanische Forschungen 72: 58–78.
Thomas, Werner. 1967b. “Besteht ein formaler Unterschied zwischen N. und Obl. Sg. m. bei den wtoch. Verbaladjektiven?” Die Sprache 13: 20–30.
Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1969b. “Toch. B pañäkti Gen. Sg.?” Sprache 15: 53–58.
Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1979d. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.
Thomas, Werner. 1981. “Indogermanisches in der Syntax des Tocharischen: Zum Ausdruck eines Gebotes und Verbotes.” In Festschrift der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 481–97.
Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1988. “Toch. AB säm-/läm- ‘sitzen’ in transitivem Gebrauch.” Central Asiatic Journal 32: 244–59.
Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht108&outputformat=print
Output automatically generated on Sun, 2024-09-08, 09:31:31 (CEST).
Page last edited on Thu, 2024-09-05, 10:07:44 (CEST), by Automatic conversion. Version 36.
Page created on Sat, 2012-03-17, 18:49:57 (CET), by Automatic conversion.
Medieninhaber: Universität Wien, Institut für Sprachwissenschaft | Inhalt: Melanie Malzahn | Programmierung: Martin Braun | Datenkonvertierung: Bernhard Koller | Design: Patricia Katharina Hoda
Datenschutzerklärung || Erklärung zur Barrierefreiheit || Copyright: Die Gesamtsite, alle enthaltenen Informationen, Grafiken, Seiten, eingetragene Markenzeichen und Ähnliches unterliegen dem Urheberrecht des jeweiligen Inhabers. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.