YQ II.1

Known as:	YQ II.1; YQ 1.2
Cite this page as:	"YQ II.1". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-yqii1 (accessed 24 May 2025).
Provenience
Main find spot:	Qigexing
Collection:	Xinjiang Museum (Ürümchi)
Language and Script
Language:	TA
Script:	classical
Text contents
Title of the work:	Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka
Passage:	Act 2.1
Text genre:	Literary
Text subgenre:	Drama
Verse/Prose:	prose; verse
Meter:	43434 (4x); 543 (4x)
Object
Manuscript:	Yanqi
Material:	ink on paper
Form:	Poṭhī
Number of lines:	8

Images

Transliteration

a1	/// [t]ra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ bho bho ku¯ ¯s tṣā na¯ ¯s̝ tma
a2	/// [b]ā dha ri brā mna¯ ¯cä ka kmu śla wä kta su rñe tsa rtlā
a3	/// ·[l]· [s]·¯ ¯s̝t \|\| kā tkmāṃ a kma lyo bā dha ri tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ kā su
a4	/// [k]· p· kly[i] tā kā • śtwa rtmāṃ tri wä¯ ¯lts we ka¯ ¯nt wṣe ñka tka rṣo¯ ¯m wṣe
a5	/// ·cu [kli] sā \|\| ma ndo dha ri naṃ \|\| ka lnmāṃ mla ṅkmāṃ ye twe syo ñka tye ṣna kcu ñya na
a6	/// ·y· lya lyu kwa ṣtu śla po to ra ke nṣa cwe : ptā ñka tka ṣyā rki śo ṣṣaṃ pā ka rnā tsu bā
a7	/// rā ṇa sri ya ckā tse : 1 \|\| smi māṃ a kma lyo klyo mme tra¯ ¯k tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ ä ntā a
a8	/// ·ā¯ ¯s ype yä ntwaṃ pā ṣā na kṣu laṃ ma ska tra ka¯ ¯r \|\| ta mka klyu ṣu ra¯ ¯s̝ ā ṣā ni¯ ¯k
b1	/// [kta] ñno kte ta nne kwe ñā¯ ¯r \|\| mo gha rā je tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ pe rā kte nu upā dhyā yku cne tā
b2	/// ā rki śo ṣṣaṃ pā ka rtā¯ ¯s̝ \|\| bā dha ri tra ṅka ṣpe rā¯ ¯k ñi se kuya lte ka klyu ṣu ñi
b3	/// rsa mta nne wka nyo kā ruṃ kri tāṃ tsra ṣṣu ne wä rs̝s̝a ltsu ne yo ka knu wra so mṣi wā
b4	/// [ka] śto ra¯ ¯s̝ : wkaṃ wä knā saṃ sā rṣi nā¯ ¯s klo pa ntyo wā wne sku¯ ¯nt ā rki
b5	/// r· ·[mnu] kā kro pu kā swo ne yu mmā ga¯ ¯t ype yaṃ śtwa rmā rlā
b6	/// – s̝ta ntwaṃ sa mpu kwra sa śśi pu¯ ¯k wä knā : cmo lu lya lypa
b7	/// [p]· nu ṣa kka¯ ¯ts klo pa¯ ¯s̝ tsa lpa s̝ta¯ ¯r : 1 \|\| nä ṣpe nu
b8	/// ·[n]· re sga ndhā rve śśi yo¯ ¯s̝ ymāṃ wsā lwä¯ ¯s̝

Transcription

a1	n1 /// träṅkäṣ bho bho kus tṣā naṣ tmä¬
a2	(ṣ)n2 /// (klyom) (metrak) bādhari brāmnac kakmu śla wäktasurñe tsar tlā¬
a3	(luneyo) /// (k)l(i)s(ā)ṣt ॥ kātkmāṃ akmalyo bādhari träṅkäṣ kāsu
a4	n3 /// (wi)k(i) p(u)klyi tākā • śtwar tmāṃ tri wälts we känt wṣeñ katkar ṣom wṣe
a5	n4 n5 (okāk) (näṣ) (tanne) (wkänyo) (mā) /// (nak)cu klisā ॥ mandodharinaṃ ॥

1a	kälnmāṃ mläṅkmāṃ ; yetwesyo ; ñkät yeṣ nakcu ; ñy anäa6(prāṣ)n5 n6 ; (epreraṃ) (śäm) (:)
1b	(ṣñi) (āṣtäryāṃ) ; (swāñcen)y(o) ; lyalyuk= waṣtu ; śla poto ; rake nṣac we :
1c	ptāñkät käṣy ār;kiśoṣṣaṃ ; pākär nātsu ; bāa7(dhari)n6 n7 n8 ; (kärsor) (tāś-śi) (:)
1d	(spārtwṣā) (wärkänt) ; (sne) (lyutār) ; (märkampalṣi) ; (bā)rāṇas ; riyac kātse : 1 ॥

*	smimāṃ akmalyo klyom metrak träṅkäṣ äntā a¬
a8	(śśi)n8 n9 (tāpärk) (säm) (āṣānik) (mäskatär) (॥) (bādhari) (träṅkäṣ) (māgatṣin)ās ypeyäntwaṃ pāṣānak ṣulaṃ mäskaträ kar ॥ täm kaklyuṣuräṣ āṣānik
b1	n10 n11 (metrak) (āymaśl-äkk) (ats) (träṅkäṣ) /// (ñä)ktañ nokte tanne-k weñār ॥ mogharāje träṅkäṣ perāk te nu _upādhyāy kuc ne tā¬
b2	(ṣ)n11 n12 (tanne) (wkänyo) (kalīyūk) (praṣtaṃ) (märtāräṃ) (śolaṃ) (ptāñkät) ārkiśoṣṣaṃ pākär tāṣ ॥ bādhari träṅkäṣ perāk ñi se k_uyalte kaklyuṣu ñi
b3	n13 n14 n15 (neṣinäs) (knānmānäñcäs) (käṣṣisäṣ) (mäskatä)r säm tänne wkänyo kāruṃ kritāṃ tsraṣṣune wärṣṣältsuneyo kaknu wrasomṣi wā¬
b4	(käm)n15 n16 (kus) (ne) (taṃne) (wäknumināṃ) (wärce) (praṣt) (penu) (mā) kaś toräṣ : wkäṃ wäknā saṃsārṣinās klopantyo wāwneskunt ārki¬
b5	(śoṣi)n16 (tuṅkiñluneyis) (mosaṃ) (puttiśparäṃṣi) (lame) (rinātä)r (sä)m nu kākropu kāswoneyum māgat ypeyaṃ śtwar mār lā¬
b6	(ñcäs)n17 n18 /// (sne) (lyutār) (ptāñkät) (puttiśparäṃ) (kälpnātär) (॥) (maitraṃ) (॥)

1a	(puk) (pra)ṣtäntwaṃ säm ; puk wrasaśśi ; puk wäknā :
1b	cmolu lyalypäb7(ntwis)n19 n20 ; (tsärśluneyntu) ; (puk) (kärsnānt) (:)
1c	(ākṣiṣ) (märkampal) ; (ke) (ne) (śalpal) ; (saṃsāräṣ) (:)
1d	(lok) (kātse) p(e)nu ; ṣakkats klopäṣ ; tsälpäṣtär : 1 ॥

*	näṣ penu
b8	/// (ykoṃ) (oṣeñi) (epreraṃ) (ñäktas) (asurās) (nāgās) (yakṣāśśi) (kin)n(a)res gandhārveśśi yoṣ ymāṃ wsālwäṣ

Translation

a1	... (Bādhari) says: Hello, who is there?
a1+	Then ... (the noble Metrak), having come to Bādhari the Brahmin, respectfully raising his hand ...
a3	... did you sleep (well)? \|\| With a face full of joy, Bādhari says:
a3+	Good, ... I have become (120) years old.
a4	43,200 nights have gone by.
a4+	(Not) one (single) night (did I sleep as well as) I slept last night.
a5	\|\| In the Mandodhari [tune] \|\| With ornaments touching each other and making a (pleasant) noise, a god came to stand before me in the dark.
a6	The Buddha-god the teacher has appeared in the world, oh Bā(dhari),
a6	Having brightened the house by (his own shining rays), he spoke politely to me:
a6+	The Buddha-god the teacher has appeared in the world, oh Bā(dhari), (you should know that!
a7	(you should know that! He made turn the excellent wheel of the Law) close to the city of Benares. \|\| With a smile on his face, the noble Metrak says:
a7+	Where then (is at this moment this venerable one?
a8	Bādhari says:) Right now he is on Mount Pāṣāṇaka in the lands of Magadha.
a8+	Having heard that, the venerable (Metrak says for himself:
b1	To me also) the gods ... told precisely that last night. \|\| Mogharāja says:
b1+	Oh teacher, is it to be believed that (in such a Kaliyuga era, in a short lifetime a Buddha) will appear in the world?
b2	\|\| Bādhari says: My son, it is to be believed. Why?
b2+	I (have) heard (it from the clever wise men of the past.)
b3+	This is such a way excellent being, merciful, grateful (?), full of strength and energy (not even) having taken into account (a bad epoch of that sort), (for the love of) the world tormented by all manner of woes of the circle of existences, (who searches for the place pertaining to the rank of Buddha), he, with gathered virtues, (after vanquishing) the four Māra generals in the land of Magadha, (obtains the rank of Buddha as the excellent Buddha-god.
b6	\|\| In the Maitär [tune] \|\| At (all) times, this one, for all beings, in all manner of ways, (of) births and acts (knowing all the tortures, he teaches the Law to everyone who is to be freed from the Saṃsāra),
b7	1 \|\|
b7	also he certainly does free from woe (distant and close people).
b7+	(If) I also
b8	... (day and night, in the sky, proceeding from the garments of the gods, the Asuras, the Nāgas, and the Yakṣas,) of the Kinnaras and the Gandharvas ...

Other

a6	The Buddha-god the teacher has appeared in the world, o Bādhari, you should know that! (Peyrot 2013b: 624)
a8	Bādhari says, «He is on Mount Pāṣāṇaka in the lands of Magadha». (cf 69) (Peyrot 2013b: 284)
b1+	O teacher, is it to believed that in such a Kaliyuga era, in a short (lifetime a Buddha) will appear in the world? (69) (Peyrot 2013b: 632)

Commentary

Parallel texts

*	A 214; MaitrHami 2, 1-2

Remarks

*	This fragment contains part of the second act of the Maitreyasamitināṭaka. Together with YQ II.2 a1-2, lines a4-b8 here correlate with A 214 a1- b5; an Uy. parallel is MaitrHami II, 1a4-2a7. See also Pinault 1999: 195-6.
*	The translation and commentary are adapted from Ji et al. 1998: 72.

Philological commentary

n1	The brahmin Bādhari is speaking, cf. MaitrHami 2, 1 a4-5; the end of the Tocharian fragment corresponds roughly to MaitrHami 2, 2 a4-7 (for Uy. references, cf. Ji et al. 1998: 18).
n3	Cf. A 214: a1.
n4	mandodharinaṃ: a stanza of 4 x 18 (7/7/4) syllables. In the Uyghur text, the costume of the god is described with more details, cf. MaitrHami 2, 1 a22 ff. Note also the parallel in YQ I.7: a1.
n6	Cf. A 214: a3.
n7	smimāṃ, etc: see MaitrHami 2, 1 a29-30.
n8	Cf. A 214: a4.
n9	Cf. A 214: b5.
n10	For the first part of this line, cf. A 214: a5 and compare MaitrHami 2, 1 b5 ff. According to Ji et al. 1998: 72, the form mogharāje should also be read in A 214: a6, after a closer look at the published photograph (plate 27); see also MaitrHami 2, 1 b9.
n11	Cf. A 214: a6, middle of the line.
n14	Cf. A 214: a7.
n15	Cf. A 214: b1.
n16	Cf. A 214: b2.
n17	Cf. A 214: b3.
n18	maitraṃ: a stanza of 4 x 12 (5/7) syllables. For the following eulogy, cf. MaitrHami 2, 1 b27 ff.
n20	Cf. A 214: b4.

Linguistic commentary

n2	tlā(luneyo): Peyrot 2013b: 756 suggests rather tlā(ṣluneyo); no base verb is attested in Tocharian A.
n5	Cf. A 214: a2, which shows the variant reading anaprāṣ.
n12	Carling et al. 2009: 230 translates “As I have heard” rather than “Why? I have heard”.
n13	TA kāruṃ and kritāṃ seem to refer to mental attitudes; in the absence of a close Uyghur parallel, the precise meaning of kritāṃ cannot be determined; see, however, the adjective akritānik*, which means apparently ‘ungrateful’ in YQ III.3: a1.
n19	penu: the reading nu seems certain.

References

Edition

Ji et al. 1998

Translations

Adams 2012a: a6 (28); Hackstein 2012: b1 b2 (127); Peyrot 2013b: a6 (624), a8 (284), b1 b2 (632)

Bibliography

Adams 2012a

Adams, Douglas Q. 2012a. “Shedding light on *leuk- in Tocharian and Hittite and the wider implications of reconstructing its Indo-European morphology.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 21–55.

Carling et al. 2009

Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Hackstein 2012

Hackstein, Olav. 2012. “The evolution of finite complementation in Tocharian.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 117–48.

Ji et al. 1998

Ji, Xianlin, Werner Winter, and Georges-Jean Pinault. 1998. Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka of the Xinjiang Museum, China. Transliterated, translated and annotated by Ji Xianlin in collaboration with Werner Winter, Georges-Jean Pinault. TLSM 113. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.

Peyrot 2013b

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Pinault 1999

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1999. “Restitution du Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka en tokharien A: Bilan provisoire et recherches complémentaires sur l’acte XXVI.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 189–240.