YQ I.7
| Known as: | YQ I.7; YQ 1.15 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | "YQ I.7". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-yqi7 (accessed 27 Jul. 2024). |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Qigexing |
| Collection: | Xinjiang Museum (Ürümchi) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka |
| Passage: | Act 1.7 |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Drama |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Yanqi |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Transliteration
| a1 | /// ṇ[i] bha dre pu rṇa bha dre ya kṣe ñi tā |
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| a2 | /// ·[y]·¯ ¯p ā rki śo ṣṣaṃ pā ka rna slu ne bā dha riṃ brā mnā |
| a3 | /// ·[t]· ñka¯ ¯t ka ṣṣi na cwa s̝ta s̝la ñclu ne pa lko ra¯ ¯s̝ || mā ni |
| a4 | /// – tka¯ ¯m || pu rṇa bha dre tra ṅka ṣśā we sñä kta sā ta s̝sa swra¯ ¯m |
| a5 | /// – ·ñ· bra mñka¯ ¯t śa śä rsā rka¯ ¯r • bra¯ ¯m ñka¯ ¯t śkaṃ wlā ñka¯ ¯t śa śä¯ ¯rs wlā ñkä¯ ¯t śkaṃ |
| a6 | /// ·[n]· ske pyā¯ ¯m maṃ tne da kṣi ṇā pa tṣi bā dha ri brā mmaṃ ptā ñka tka ṣyā¯ ¯p kā tklu ne wä |
| a7 | /// mm· tra¯ ¯k ymā ra¯ ¯k ptā ñka tka ṣṣi na¯ ¯cä śma¯ ¯s̝ || mā ṇi bha dre tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ śä rsā śä |
| a8 | /// – • klyo¯ ¯m me tra kkra sa s̝sa¯ ¯m śkaṃ ptā ñka tka ṣṣi na cwa s̝ta s̝la nta ssi ka lka s̝ta¯ ¯m |
| b1 | /// [klo]¯ ¯p śma¯ ¯s̝ ku cyo ne ā ri¯ ¯ñcä wā ka s̝aṃ o ma¯ ¯l ysā rṣu ṅka ckā pa s̝aṃ ta myo |
| b2 | /// [to]¯ ¯s̝ bā dha ri brā mne wa ṣtu || mā ṇi bha dre tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ pi ṣtu bā dha riṃ pśä¯ ¯rs na |
| b3 | /// śtwa rlā¯ ¯ñśä tso pa tsaṃ ynā ñmu ne yo ñä kciṃ ā rki śo s̝s̝a¯ ¯s̝ ṣu peṃ wi nā ssi wo |
| b4 | /// [m]·· || tma¯ ¯s̝ bā dha ri brā mmaṃ ni rdha neṃ brā mnā wa rśeṃ kto • śla ka rye o ṣe ñi |
| b5 | /// – sne ta mbrā hmaṃ s̝pa tpā¯ ¯k pkā tñi mrā¯ ¯cä tsra ssi • ma rsa mca nä |
| b6 | /// – [r]i [ñ](·)[i]¯ ¯s • s̝a pta ñcäṃ koṃ śkaṃ s̝pa tpā¯ ¯k mrā¯ ¯cä la pwā¯ ¯k ñä ṣñi |
| b7 | /// śä kwe pi pu klā ta lke śa śśä¯ ¯m bā dha ri • s̝pa tpā |
| b8 | /// [lk]ā ñwe ñe¯ ¯ñcä e¯ ¯l wa wu rā mrā¯ ¯cä la¯ ¯p |
Transcription
Translation
| a1 | ( |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Then come) (Ma)ṇ(i)bhadra and Pūrṇabhadra, the leaders of the Yakṣas. |
| a2 | (Maṇibhadra speaks: |
| a2+ | Oh brother Pūrṇabhadra! Why did King Vaiśravaṇa order us to make known) the appearance of the Buddha-god the Teacher) on earth through Bādhari the Brahmin? |
| a3 | (Pūrṇabhadre says:) Having seen (that the noble Metrak) will leave his home in order to go to the Buddha-god the teacher. |
| a3+ | Ma(ṇibhadre says:) ... |
| a4 | did not (order) us to make known? || Pūrṇabhadra says: |
| a4+ | By great gods this matter and this task... |
| a5 | ... (the Śuddhāvāsa gods) told only God Brahmā, and God Brahmā told Indra, |
| a5+ | and Indra (told) (King) Vai(śravaṇa): |
| a6+ | Make every effort that Bādhari the Brahmin of Dakṣiṇāpatha will fully understand the rising of the Buddha-god the teacher, and that this one indeed in this (way) ... |
| a7 | ... the (noble) Metrak will immediately come to the Buddha-god the teacher. || Maṇibhadra says: |
| a7+ | I know, I (know). |
| a8 | That |
| a8+ | ... Once the noble Metrak knows that, he too will leave his home to go to the Buddha-god the teacher. ... pain will come through which (Bādhari’s) heart will burst. |
| b1 | Hot blood will rise to his throat. |
| b1+ | Thus... |
| b2 | ... (Purṇabhadre says: ... Look! This) is the Brahmin Bādhari’s dwelling place. || Maṇibhadra says: Go and tell Badhari; |
| b2+ | (I) (will go to the noble Metrak and tell him that Indra and) the four kings have ordered to (come) from the divine world to honor his feet with great respect, ... |
| b4+ | ... || Then Bādhari the Brahmin, cursed by the Brahmin Nirdhana, (thinks) with sorrow during the night |
| b5 | ... What is the reason why that Brahmin desires to have my head split in seven parts? |
| b5+ | May he not (succeed) in this (matter)! |
| b6 | ... (of the heart), and on the seventh day, will split my head into seven parts. |
| b7 | ... (the heretics will say:) For twelve years Bādhari has performed the sacrifice. |
| b7+ | Into seen pieces |
| b8 | ... the heretics will say: As a result of giving alms, his head ... |
Other
| a5 | … (the Śuddhāvāsa gods) told only God Brahmā. (Peyrot 2013b: 285) |
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| a6+ | Make effort so that Bādhari the Brahmin of Dakṣiṇāpatha will fully understand the rising of the Buddha, the teacher, and that he [Bādhari] indeed in this (way) … (so that) the (noble) Maitreya will immediately come to the Buddha, the teacher. (cf 51) (Peyrot 2013b: 652) |
| a8+ | … if the noble Maitreya knows [it] and he goes towards the Buddha, the teacher, in order to leave the house, that … pain will come through which will burst (Bādhari’s) heart, [and] hot blood will rise to his throat. (cf 51, slightly different) (Peyrot 2013b: 634) |
| b6 | … of the heart, and if on the seventh day he splits my head into seven parts. (cf 51, slightly different) (Peyrot 2013b: 635) |
| b8 | the heretics will say, «As a result of giving alms, his head …» (53) (Peyrot 2013b: 635) |
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| The commentary is adapted from Ji et al. 1998: 53-4. | |
| n9 | wākaṣäṃ (= wākaṣ-äṃ) is the correct reading, like at the end of kāpaṣäṃ (= kāpaṣ-äṃ), later in this line. For the end of this line cf. MaitrHami 1, 13 b8-9. |
| n11 | toṣ: before final -ṣ\, one would like to restore (tränkä)ṣ\. See MaitrHami 1, 13 b10-12. But there are difficulties. In MaitrHami, there is one sentence more: “Then you see!”; in TA, the imperative “you see!” ought to be pälkār, of which the last letter is not -ṣ, but -r. There are, however, on the manuscript some traces of the syllable to before -ṣ, so that we get a correct form of a demonstrative, fem. nom. pl. of säs “this”. |
| n12 | näṣ: So to be completed, 1st person singular pronoun. |
| n14 | warśeṃ: this word doesn’t appear elsewhere. MaitrHami has: “Afterwards Bādhari the Brahmin (20) calls to mind Nirdhana the Brahmin’s (21) curse.” Therefore, warśeṃ may mean “curse”. kto, past participle of kät- “to scatter”. On warśeṃ, Thomas 1990: 26 notes: kto, from kät- “(zu Boden) streuen”. But this semantic extension: warśeṃ, “zu streuen” –> “fertigmachen”, is nothing but fanciful. This may be confirmed by MaitrHami 1, 13 b21. |
Parallel texts
| A 215, MaitrHami 1, 13-14; MaitrSiŋgim |
Remarks
| This fragment contains part of the first act of the Maitreyasamitināṭaka; the text here more or less continues from YQ I.6. The Uy. parallel is MaitrHami 1, 13a5-14a6. The text running from YQ I.6 a8 to YQ I.7 a7 (= A 215) has the following Uy. parallels: MaitrHami I, 12a (end)-13a30 and MaitrSiŋgim, Taf. 117 (+10) v. 12f. (Tekin 1980: 47). See also Pinault 1999: 193-4. | |
| The translation and the following commentary are adapted from Ji et al. 1998: 53-4. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | Between YQ I.6 verso and the recto side of this fragment a few sentences are missing. We find them in A 215: b2: nṣā tukär yät\ kuyal mā prakte kälpitār\ : 1 || - [pr·] wewñuräṣ\ räskäryo pre yäṣ\ || tmäṣ\ kum[s]e ///. These sentences have their counterparts in MaitrHami (for the Uy. references, cf. Ji et al. 1998: 18), but are not quite equivalent to each other. The MaitrHami 1, 13 a3-5 runs as follows: ““But to me alone you are niggardly, being not willing to give me 500 gold coins.” Having thus spoken, Nirdhana the Brahmin goes away with great wrath”. Some explanations of the Tocharian version are necessary here. About tukär, Sieg et al. 1931: § 77, Anm., mentions this word, but without any explanation. Perhaps, according to MaitrHami, the sentence can be translated in the following way: “Finally on the last day you are niggardly to me.” There is some kind of fixed expression tukär i- “to be niggardly”. The next sentence can be translated: “Why are you not punished?”. After the double stroke, - [pr.] is to be completed as täpreṃ. The next sentence may be translated: “Having spoken in this way, he goes away in great wrath.” kum[s]e/// is completed to kumseñc. The last sentence reads roughly: “Then the two Yakṣas come.” See MaitrHami 1, 13 a5 ff.; cf. MaitrHami 1, 13 a6-9 and Tekin 1980: 48, Taf. 11, v. 1ff. |
|---|---|
| n2 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, a10-13 (cf. Ji et al. 1998: 18) and Tekin 1980: 48, Taf. 11, v. 2-8. |
| n3 | The first sentence in this line is completed according to A 215: b5. There is something lost before. See MaitrHami 1, 13, a19-20: “Maṇibhadra says: “Such being the case, why did he not order us to make it known directly to the noble Metrak?”” |
| n4 | For the second sentence in this line, cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, a21-22. |
| n5 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, a23-26. |
| n6 | Completed according to A 215: b7; cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, a26-28. |
| n7 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, a29-30 and MaitrHami 1, 13 b1-2. |
| n8 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13, b3-5. |
| n10 | The following leaf in Tekin 1980’s edition of the Turfan version, Taf. 12, p. 49, is misplaced. According to MaitrHami, this passage must be put above, cf. YQ I.4, commentary to a1. |
| n13 | Completed according to MaitrHami 1, 13 b14-16. |
| n15 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13 b22-25. |
| n16 | The reading of the destroyed original fragment remains difficult. Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13 b28. |
| n17 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 13 b29. |
| n18 | Cf. MaitrHami 1, 14 a1-3. |
References
Edition
Translations
Peyrot 2013b: a5 (285), a6 a7 (652), a8 b1 (634), b6 (635), b8 (635)
Bibliography
Ji, Xianlin, Werner Winter, and Georges-Jean Pinault. 1998. Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka of the Xinjiang Museum, China. Transliterated, translated and annotated by Ji Xianlin in collaboration with Werner Winter, Georges-Jean Pinault. TLSM 113. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1999. “Restitution du Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka en tokharien A: Bilan provisoire et recherches complémentaires sur l’acte XXVI.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 189–240.
Sieg, Emil, Wilhelm Siegling, and Wilhelm Schulze. 1931. Tocharische Grammatik. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tekin, Şinasi. 1980. Maitrisimit nom bitig. Die uigurische Übersetzung eines Werkes der buddhistischen Vaibhāṣika-Schule. 1. Teil: Transliteration, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen. 2. Teil: Analytischer und rückläufiger Index. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur des Alten Orients, Berliner Turfantexte, IX. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1990. Tocharische Maitreya-Parallelen aus Hami. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVII. Stuttgart: Steiner.
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