IOL Toch 5
| Known as: | IOL Toch 5; H 149.26/30; H 149.X.26 and H 149.X.30; A.26/30 |
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| Cite this page as: | Michaël Peyrot. "IOL Toch 5". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch5 (accessed 15 May 2025). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Michaël Peyrot |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | British Library (London) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Confession |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 7.6 × 15.2+21.6 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project and the British Library.
Transliteration
| a1 | ntri ṣṣe sa mu ddä¯ ¯r• mā so yä ssi cä myā wa ne sa¯ ¯ñä nā ki : ṣa¯ ¯ñä yā mo rṣṣ[ai] ytā ri sa wai ptā rmai yta¯ ¯rñä c[ai] ṣña ṣṣi ñ[i]¯ ¯śä ma rsā re : ṣe sk· (– –) |
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| a2 | lyu ta skau po yo lai nä¯ ¯ts• smā ntsa ñi¯ ¯śä kwī pe tā ko¯ ¯yä 10 sa swa po yśi ñmā la ṣka po tra ṅko nta ta rkau cai tri kṣaiṃ wno lme¯ ¯ts• : ci śya¯ ¯k• ra ksau a (–) |
| a3 | ne we ñmo ptā ka¯ ¯ñä o no lmeṃ[¯] [¯]·• – rko¯ ¯ñä tra ṅko : nā ki lkā skau klau tko ma¯ ¯r• yo lai ñe meṃ te sa ma¯ ¯nt• po cme la ne : a wi śa ṣṣai ke ntsa ka |
| a4 | s̝[pa] śā śwa¯ ¯t• o ko wa rpo yma¯ ¯r• c[e]·¯ ¯ts• pa kā na : 10-1 o nmi ṣṣa na pwā ra sa tsa kse ma ne ma rma nma tro ṅktse stā mra : sa lp[i] ñci ttsa wo |
| a5 | lo kma¯ ¯r• nu ska ske ma¯ ¯r• ma rma nma i ṅkauṃ ka stwe¯ ¯r• : tā ka s̝pa śā mñai ke ktse ñtsa nrai ṣṣi [s]l· mi pa nnoṃ ñi¯ ¯śä eṃ ṣkyā wi śne : e mpe lo na kle śa nma |
| a6 | [mai] no pa l[s]·o so yi pa sta sa ñā ttā ko¯ ¯yä 10 2 ka r[u] ṇī ka ñmā la ṣ·a ·au [k]o¯ ¯·ä kwā [ma]¯ ¯r·ä a kā lk[s]a pk·a lñe mpe ṣe : ci sa pa rna ma n·a k·a |
| lf | ·1 |
| b1 | – st· [y]· mts· ka lpā sk· tā pr· śy· yn[e] : ā¯ ¯ś• pa pyā ku kle śa nma¯ ¯ts• a· [ts]·[¯] [¯][k] [ṣ]· ñā[¯] [¯][ñ]m r· r· nu ñ[i]¯ ¯śä e mpe l[e] ka ru ṇa ṣṣe tr·¯ ¯ṅk pru tk·¯ ¯r |
| b2 | tu ne tau kau¯ ¯cä sai¯ ¯m pā ce¯ ¯r• lā ma¯ ¯ñä pro sko 10 3 mā ṣṣe nta kca cme la ne ñe mra klyau ssi ka lpā wa twā rs̝a po sta ññe kre nta ka ṣṣi ntsa me ṅki tse |
| b3 | [y]o lai ñe sa mā ṣṣe nta a ṣkā rśmā wa : kwī pe o nmi ṣṣeṃ pwā ra sa tsa ksau śmo ññai śau l[a] ṣṣai mā¯ ¯s̝• pru tka s̝a¯ ¯ñä : ci ṣṣe sai ma¯ ¯ś• klo yo ma¯ ¯r• nau |
| b4 | yto¯ ¯ñä yā mo¯ ¯r• kā nto yta¯ ¯rñä kṣ·· t· tā ko yñä 10 4 ci ne yā mu śri gu pti yo lo yā mo¯ ¯r• nau tā ne ci ṣṣe¯ ¯k• sai mtsa : wa lo mā ga (–) |
| b5 | yo laiṃ wā ṣmo¯ ¯ts• ṣe ṣa rtu kau sa pā ta¯ ¯r• kre¯ ¯nt• ta¯ ¯ñä pai yne ne spa lkā te nā ki pa lyka yo lo meṃ ka lpā sta rñe : tu me nā ksa ñi śra no la kla – |
| b6 | ntse ñi¯ ¯śä we skau de śi¯ ¯t• tā ko yñä 10 5 snai ypa rwe cce saṃ sā rne ta ryā yä kne ka rtse ṣṣe yā mo¯ ¯r• tā ko yñä : a lye¯ ¯k• ye y·· a – |
Transcription
| lf | – – 1 |
Translation
| a1 | [10b] [10c] |
|---|---|
| a1 | I have not been able to satiate [this] ocean of the sense[s]; [that] is my fault. On the path of [my] own deed[s] [my] relatives have gone separated from me, they have forgotten me. |
| a1+ | Alone I expel (evil). |
| a2 | 10[d] [11a] |
| a2 | May there be shame on me for the attempt of [any] evil [deed]. O lord, o omniscient, o compassionate one! O [you] who let go all offences of the erring beings! |
| a2+ | Towards you again I stretch the palms [of my hands]. |
| a3 | [11b] [11c] |
| a3 | Be a spokesman for me before the beings! May they let go my offence! I see my fault. I turn away from evil because of this in all births. |
| a3+ | And may I permamently enjoy the fruit for their sake even on the Avīci earth. |
| a4 | 11[d] |
| a4 | [While my] vessels are burnt by the fires of remorse, I dwell like an empty tree [12a] with glowing spirit, |
| a5 | [12b] [12c] |
| a5 | [and] I press my vessels day and night. Would the flames of hell drag me with this human body into the Avīci hell? |
| a5+ | But may my mind be satiated with terrible passions; |
| a6 | 12[d] [13a] |
| a6 | may it be completely under control! O compassionate one, o pitying one, I shelter with you, I call on you with a wish and with confidence. |
| a6+ | Apart from you, I don't find anybody to seek refuge in in this time. |
| b1 | [13b] [13c] |
| b1 | Smashed on the head by passions, I [have] certainly given up this terrible self. Fill up the hollow of compassion! |
| b2 | 13[d] |
| b2 | Therein I will hide, in your protection, father, so that my fear will rest! Not even once in the births have I got to hear [this] name, and therefore afterwards, [14a] lacking a good teacher, I have not once stood back because of evil. |
| b3 | [14b] [14c] |
| b3 | With the fires of shame and repentence I burn the base of life and it does not block me [anymore]. I fall onto your protection. |
| b3+ | May my deed disappear! |
| b4 | 14[d] [15a] |
| b4 | May it be wiped out! May there be forgiveness for me! Who has taken excellent protection in you, his bad deed disappeared through your protection. |
| b4+ | The king of Magadha, incited by evil friends, killed his good father. |
| b5 | [15b] [15c] |
| b5 | At your feet he made effort, recognised (lit. thought) [his] fault [and] [keeping away] from evil he obtained purity. |
| b5+ | Comparable to that I tell my own sorrow too – |
| b6 | 15[d] [16a] To another I (?) went ... |
| b6 | may there be forgiveness for me! May there be a deed of threefold virtue for me in the saṃsāra without beginning. |
Other
| a3 | Ich kehre um von der Schlechtigkeit hierdurch in allen Geburten. (Schmidt 1974: 273) |
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| a4+ | Während die Adern von den Feuern der Reue verbrannt werden, weile ich wie ein ausgehöhlter Baum mit glühendem Geist [und] drücke [meine] Adern bei Tag [und] Nacht. (Schmidt 1974: 276, 323-4) |
| a5+ | Would the flames of hell drag me with this human body into the Avīci hell? But may my mind be satiated with terrible passions;457 may it be completely under control! (Peyrot 2013b: 359) |
| a6 | O Barmherziger, Mitleidiger! Ich schreie [und] rufe dich in dem Wunsch voll von Vertrauen. (Schmidt 1974: 95-6) |
| b1 | Fill up the hollow of compassion! Therein I will hide, in your protection, father, so that my fear will rest! (cf 322–323, 328) (Peyrot 2013b: 324) |
| b3 | Mit den Feuern von Reue [und] Scham verbrenne ich die Lebensgrundlage, und nicht umschließt sie(?) mich mehr. (Schmidt 1974: 133) |
| b3+ | Möge das Karman mir schwinden [und] von mir abgerieben werden! (Schmidt 1974: 207) |
| b4+ | Von schlechten Freunden aufgestachelt, tötete der König (von) Magadha [seinen] guten Vater. Zu deinen Füßen bemühte er sich, sah den Fehler ein [und] erlangte vom Bösen Reinigung. (Schmidt 1974: 176) |
Commentary
Remarks
| on line number: one stroke can be seen; it could also be ‘2’ or ‘3’ | |
| According to Broomhead 1962: 185 "[t]he manuscript consists of two parts ... A.30 is the left portion and ... A.26 forms the right part ... [w]ritten in medium ductus, it is very clearly preserved." |
Philological commentary
| Although virāma is in many cases correctly written in this manuscript, it is lacking in a number of cases where it is required by the metre: ṣpä a4, a5 read ṣp; pästä a6 read päst; ṣä b2 read ṣ; krentä b2 read krent; tākoy-ñä b4, b6 read tākoy-ñ. Also kwīpe-onmiṣṣeṃ b3 has to be read as kwīp=-onmiṣṣeṃ. | |
| In several cases metrical sandhi is already written in the manuscript: poyśi =ñmālaṣka a2 for poyśi añmālaṣka; karuṇīka =ñmālaṣ(k)a (because of the metre it cannot be karuṇīk= añmālaṣ(k)a, pace Broomhead 1962: 185, Pinault 2008: 322) a6 for karuṇīka añmālaṣ(k)a; pk(w)alñemp= eṣe a6 for pk(w)alñempa eṣe, kalp= āstarñe b5 for kalpa astarñe; lakl= a(ñma)ntse b5-6 for lakle a(ñma)ntse. The narrative part of strophe 15 contains two metrical irregularities: walo māga(tṣe) yolaiṃ b4-5 with 5+2 syllables instead 4+3 (the restoration to māga(tṣe) seems nevertheless correct); and likewise wāṣmots ṣeṣartu kausa with 5+2 syllables instead 4+3. | |
| [a1] (i)ntriṣṣe samuddär ¦ mā soyässi cämyāwa ¦ nesañ nāki : [10b] ṣañ yāmorṣṣai ytārisa ¦ waiptār maiytar-ñ cai ṣñaṣṣi ¦ ñiś märsāre : [10c] ṣesk(e yolo) [a2] lyutaskau ¦ po yolainäts smāntsa ñiś ¦ kwīpe tākoy 10 saswa poyśi =ñmālaṣka ¦ po träṅkonta tärkaucai ¦ trikṣaiṃ wnolmets : [11a] ciś yak raksau a(lyi) [a3] ne ¦ weñmo ptākañ onolmeṃ(ts ¦ tä)rko-ñ traṅko : [11b] nāki lkāskau klautkomar ¦ yolaiñemeṃ tesa mant ¦ po cmelane : [11c] awiśäṣṣai kentsa ka [a4] ṣpä ¦ śāśwat oko warpoymar ¦ ce(ṃ)ts pakāna : 11 onmiṣṣana pwārasa ¦ tsäksemane marmanma ¦ troṅktse stām ra : [12a] sälpi-ñ cittsa wo [a5] lokmar ¦ nuskaskemar marmanma ¦ iṅkauṃ kästwer : [12b] tā ka ṣpä śāmñai kektseñtsa ¦ nraiṣṣi sl(e)mi pannoṃ ñiś ¦ eṃṣky āwiśne : [12c] empelona kleśanma [a6] ¦ mai no pals(k)o soyi pästä ¦ sañāt tākoy 12 karuṇīk= añmālaṣ(k)a ¦ (t)auko-(c) kwāmar-(c) akālksa ¦ pk(w)alñemp= eṣe : [13a] cisa parna man(t)a k(c)a [b1] ¦ (wa)st(e) y(ā)mts(i) kälpāsk(au) ¦ tā pr(e)śy(ai)yne : [13b] āś papyāku kleśanmats ¦ a(t)ts(ai)k ṣ(a)ñ āñm r(e)r(i)nu ¦ ñiś empele [13c] karuṇaṣṣe tr(o)ṅk prutk(a)r [b2] ¦ tune taukau-c saim pācer ¦ lāma-ñ prosko 13 mā ṣṣe nta kca cmelane ¦ ñem ra klyaussi kälpāwa ¦ twār ṣä postaññe [14a] krentä käṣṣintsa meṅkitse [b3] ¦ yolaiñesa mā ṣṣe nta ¦ aṣkār śmāwa : [14b] kwīpe-onmiṣṣeṃ pwārasa ¦ tsaksau śmoññai śaulaṣṣai ¦ mā ṣ prutkaṣä-ñ : [14c] ciṣṣe saimäś kloyomar ¦ nau [b4] yto-ñ yāmor kāntoytär-ñ ¦ kṣ(ān)t(i) tākoy-ñä 14 cine yāmu śrigupti ¦ yolo yāmor nautā-ne ¦ ciṣṣek saimtsa : [15a] walo māga(tṣe) [b5] yolaiṃ ¦ wāṣmots ṣeṣartu kausa ¦ pātär krent [15b] tañ paiynene spalkāte ¦ nāki palyka yolomeṃ ¦ kalp= āstarñe : [15c] tu menāksa ñiś rano ¦ lakl= a(ñma) [b6] ntse ñiś weskau ¦ deśit tākoy-ñä 15 snai yparwecce saṃsārne ¦ täryā-yäkne kärtseṣṣe ¦ yāmor tākoy-ñä : [16a] alyek yey(mä) a – | |
| n1 | yāmorṣṣai: a little piece of paper covers the place where the vowel sign of rṣṣai should be, but slight traces of both ai-strokes are still discernible. |
| n2 | =ñmālaṣka: ṣka is added under the line; the addition is marked with a cross above. |
| n3 | smāntsa: the translation of smāṃ follows Ogihara 2011a, who proposes 'test' as the basic meaning. However, his discussion of this passage (Ogihara 2011a: 55) is not completely satisfactory: he translates 'try', which does not fit well. Further, it is peculiar that the word is preceded by po yolainäts (pace Ogihara l.c., not po yolainats): obviously, the attempt of any single evil deed will already be a shame. Further, his translations of the prs. lyutaskau as 'I shall drive away', and of the opt. tākoy as 'will be' are in my view not correct. |
| n4 | nauyto-ñ: for nautoy-ñ. |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Peyrot 2008 | CL |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Broomhead 1962: 185-187; TEB II: 63-64; Peyrot 2007: №5
Translations
Adams 2013: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6; Broomhead 1962: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (186-187); Carling 2000: a1 (93), a3 a4 (51), a3 a4 (79), a5 (344), a6 (337), a6 b1 (289), b3 (241); Hackstein 1995: a1 a2 (243), a2 a3 (117), a4 (90), a4 a5 (181), b3 (90); Krause 1952: a4 a5 (46), a6 (64), b1 (32), b5 (182); TEB II: b4 (64); Meunier 2013: a6 b1 (144), b3 (145), b3 b4 (152); Ogihara 2011a: a1 a2 (55); Peyrot 2013b: a4 a5 (359), a5 a6 (359), b1 (324); Pinault 2008: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (327-328); Schmidt 1974: a3 (273), a4 a5 (276, 323f), a4 a5 (276, 323-4), a6 (95f), a6 (95-6), b3 (133), b3 b4 (207), b4 b5 (176); Thomas 1954: b2 (716); Thomas 1968: a4 (204); Thomas 1969c: a5 (201); Thomas 1970: b3 (278), b4 b5 (278); Thomas 1972: a6 (456); Thomas 1983: b1 (8)
Bibliography
Adams, Douglas Q. 2013. “More thoughts on Tocharian B prosody.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 3–30.
Broomhead, J.W. 1962. “A textual edition of the British Hoernle, Stein and Weber Kuchean manuscripts. With transliteration, translation, grammatical commentary and vocabulary. I = Edition.” PhD, Cambridge: Trinity College.
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Ogihara, Hirotoshi. 2011a. “龟兹语 smāṃ 考释.” 西域文史 – Literature & History of the Western Regions 6: 49–60.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2007. “An edition of the Tocharian fragments IOL Toch 1 – IOL Toch 822 in the India Office Library.” International Dunhuang Project. 2007. http://idp.bl.uk/database/oo_cat.a4d?shortref=Peyrot_2007.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2008. Chrestomathie tokharienne. Textes et Grammaire. Leuven/Paris: Peeters.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner, and Wolfgang Krause. 1964. Tocharisches Elementarbuch, Band II. Texte und Glossar. Heidelberg: Winter.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1969c. “Zu den Ausdrücken für Tag und Nacht im Tocharischen.” Central Asiatic Journal 13: 199–206.
Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
