A 21
| Known as: | A 21; THT 654 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling. "A 21". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a21 (accessed 27 Jul. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 72.21 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Puṇyavantajātaka, Bṛhaddyutijātaka |
| Passage: | u |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | M14 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | A 1-54 |
| Preceding fragment: | A 20 |
| Following fragment: | A 22 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de by courtesy of the Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS).
Transliteration
(continues from A 20)
| a1 | – n· y· lyu t· – tsu ta ryā kw· – – kṣ· – ·y· o ktu¯ ¯k wa mpe yntu yo a si na¯ ¯t lkā lyāṃ pu tti – |
|---|---|
| a2 | – rṣi nāṃ ka pśiṃ ño ye tu wā mpu • ku pre ne wa s̝ta¯ ¯s̝ mā la ñcä lṣe¯ ¯s̝ śtwa rdvi pa ntwā kā kma rti¯ ¯k s̝[pa] – |
| a3 | – ntu yo ka knu ca kra va rtti wä lna sa¯ ¯l ṣe¯ ¯s̝ na ṣpe nu tu pe nu ca mi spa ktā ni kā ñna [s]· |
| a4 | – [ma]¯ ¯s sa mtā pa¯ ¯rk wa s̝ta ṣla ntu ka lyme yā yso mo pu kma rka mpa lntu ka rso pu¯ ¯k sa ñce [nt]· |
| a5 | – – – – – ·ä· ā l[ts]u ne e ṣa¯ ¯nt pu kpa rklu ne ytwā śśi ā¯ ¯k ypa¯ ¯nt ca mi tā pa¯ ¯rk ā ṣā ni kyā¯ ¯p pu – |
| a6 | – – – – – – – rymāṃ wä ntyo sa¯ ¯rk mi yä s̝ta rta mṣu rma¯ ¯s̝ sā twä rku ñci nṣi s̝a¯ ¯lypä ku ly· – |
| b1 | – – – – – – – [kk]· naṃ || se ya cco ki na¯ ¯s̝ cwa¯ ¯cä lyu ptā ñka tka ṣṣi pā śe yā : tu nu na ṣca mpa – |
| b2 | – – – – – – [s]u rā : pkā mā rma tta¯ ¯k s̝a¯ ¯lypä sā twä rpa lkā rka ṣṣiṃ ṣñya śä nyo : ślo ko a śäṃ tā ke – |
| b3 | – ko tā śśi o ñi cmo¯ ¯l : 1 || we yeṃ nāṃ tsu bṛ ha dyu ti ku nti stse¯ ¯k pa ltsa ṅkā¯ ¯s̝ o ·e |
| lf | 70 5 |
| b4 | – – a ñu mā ski o ñi cmo lka rtaṃ ne wka nyo kā swo ne yo ka knu tā¯ ¯s̝ tma¯ ¯s̝ bṛ ha – |
| b5 | – ku nti stse¯ ¯k śla pā ca rmā ca¯ ¯r pra cre – śäṃ se wā sa śśä¯ ¯l ṣya«¯» «¯»«k» snu mpyā pi sā twä rku ñci nṣi s̝a¯ ¯lypä – |
| b6 | – – ¯s̝ ä nta ne ne śā kya mu ni ·ä – ·i pa – ñka tṣe¯ ¯s̝ ta mne ka¯ ¯lk pa lkā¯ ¯t śā kya mu ni ñä kta śśi |
(continues on A 22)
Transcription
(continues from A 20)
| lf | (80-5) 70-5 |
| (knā)- | |
| a1 | -(nmu)n(e)y(o) lyut(ār) (nāṃ)tsu taryāk-w(e)-(pi) (la)kṣ(aṇäs)y(o) oktuk wampeyntuyo asinät lkālyāṃ putti – |
| a2 | (śpa)rṣināṃ kapśiṃño yetu wāmpu • kupre ne waṣtäṣ mā läñcäl ṣeṣ śtwar dvipäntwā kākmärtik ṣpä(t) (ñe)- |
| a3 | -(mi)ntuyo kaknu cakravartti wäl nasäl ṣeṣ näṣ penu tu penu cami spaktānikāñ nas(lye) |
| a4 | (ṣe)mäs säm tāpärk waṣtäṣ lantu kälymeyā ysomo puk märkampalntu kärso puk sañcent· |
| a5 | – – – – – ·ä ·āltsune eṣant puk pärkluneytwāśśi āk ypant cami tāpärk āṣānikyāp pu – |
| a6 | – – – – – – – r ymāṃ wäntyo särk miyäṣtär täm ṣurmaṣ sāt wär kuñci«n/t»ṣi ṣälyp kuly(pal) |
| b1 | n1 – – – – – (kāpñe-)kk(a)naṃ ॥ |
| 1a | seyacc oki ; näṣ cwac lyu ; ptāñkät käṣṣi ; pāśeyā : |
|---|---|
| 1b | tu nu näṣ cam ; pä – b2 – ; – – – – ; – surā : |
| 1c | pkāmār mättak ; ṣälyp sāt wär ; pälkār käṣṣiṃ ; ṣñy aśänyo : |
| 1d | śl= oko aśäṃ ; tāke(ñ-ci) ; b3 (śl=) (o)ko tāś-śi ; oñi cmol : 1 ॥ |
(continues on A 22)
Translation
(continues from A 20)
| a1+ | (the one who in morality, energy, meditation and) knowledge surpasses (all beings), he who with the 32 marks and the 80 ornaments and the insatiably to-look-at, Buddha-like body is adorned and decorated. |
|---|---|
| a2+ | If he had not left the house, he would have become a ruler over the four continents, a cakravartin king, endowed with the seven jewels, |
| a3+ | and I too, and you too, we would have become his servants. |
| a4+ | He now [however,] has left the house, truly knowing all Dharmas together, (making ) all doubts (disappear), giving all the questions an end. |
| a5+ | This now, the Arhat’s Buddhalike body, in going (his way), is tormented by disease from the wind. |
| a6 | Therefore he requires warm water and oil of sesame |
| b1 | ... || In the K.-tune: || Like to a son the Buddha, the master sent me to you with a plea. |
| b1+ | You, however, (accompany?) me to the Buddha. |
| b2 | Bring oil and warm water yourself, and look at the teacher with your own eyes. Your eyes will be successful |
| b3 | [and] your human birth will be successful. Surprised Bṛhaddyuti, the potter, thinks: |
| b3+ | Oh how much amazing (is) the mere human birth, if it is endowed with such virtue! |
| b4+ | Thereupon Bṛhaddyuti, the potter, together with [his] father, mother and brothers, with [his] wife and children, after having (gathered) perfume, flower[s], warm water and oil of sesame went to where Śākyamuni, the Buddha, the god of gods was. |
| b6 | [And] there he saw, Śākyamuni, the Buddha, the (god) of gods |
(continues on A 22)
Other
| a2+ | If he had not left the house, he would have become a cakravartin king, endowed with the seven jewels, a ruler over the four continents, and I too, and you too, we would have become his servants. (cf 25) (Peyrot 2013b: 272) |
|---|---|
| a5+ | Den bu(ddhaschaftlichen Körper) des Arhat quält jetzt, wenn er (seines Weges) geht, Erkrankung durch den Wind. (Schmidt 1974: 497) |
| b2 | Bringe selbst Öl [und] warmes Wasser, sieh mit eigenen Augen den Meister! (Schmidt 1974: 190, 399) |
| b2+ | Bring oil and warm water yourself, and look at the teacher with your own eyes. Your eyes will be successful [and] your human birth will be successful. (Peyrot 2013b: 228) |
| b3+ | O so wonderful is mere human birth, if it is endowed with such virtue! (Peyrot 2013b: 283) |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| The leaf number on the margin has been lost, but a number 75 (sic!) is written inside the string hole of the verso side by a different hand. Since this leaf stands in a continuous series, it actually ought to have the leaf number 85. The combination of lost margin and deviating string-hole numbering starts in A 15 and continues until A 24. |
Philological commentary
| The translation is largely based on Sieg 1944: 25-26, and Carling et al. 2009. | |
| For the Chinese parallel and affiliation of the version with the Mūlasarvāstivādins", see Ogihara 2010. | |
| n1 | The tune name can be complemented to Kāpñekkanaṃ, cf. A 355 b2; it has 4x14 syllables, rhythm 7/7. |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 17; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 17
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (100), a5 a6 (92); Carling 2012: b1 (64); Meunier 2013: a5 (167); Ogihara 2010: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (171); Peyrot 2013b: a2 a3 a4 (272), b2 b3 (228), b3 b4 (283); Schmidt 1974: a5 a6 (497), b2 (319), b2 (190, 399), b2 b3 (190); Sieg 1944: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (25); Thomas 1952: a2 a3 (32), a2 a3 (44); Thomas 1957: b1 (190), b4 b5 b6 A 22 a1 A 22 a2 (99f), b6 (79), b6 A 22 a1 A 22 a2 (19); Thomas 1967: a6 (265); Thomas 1968: b1 (201); Thomas 1970: b5 (279); Thomas 1970a: a2 a3 (467); Thomas 1972: b5 (431); Thomas 1976: a2 a3 (228); Thomas 1976a: b5 (72); Thomas 1979d: b5 (153); Thomas 1981: b2 (487); Thomas 1989: b6 (23); Thomas 1991: a1 a2 (23), a2 a3 (18); Thomas 1997: a4 a5 (139)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd. 2012. “Development of form and function in a case system with layers: Tocharian and Romani compared.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 57–76.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Ogihara, Hirotoshi. 2010. “On the School Affiliation of the Bṛhaddyuti-Jātaka in Tocharian A” 30: 169–85. http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/52717/1/ggr030010.pdf.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1944. Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen I. Abhandl. d. Preußischen Akad. d. Wissenschaften, Jg. 1943, Phil.-Hist. Kl. 16. Berlin: Akad. d. Wissenschaften.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1967. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A yo und B wai.” Central Asiatic Journal 11: 264–74.
Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1970a. “Zu einigen Besonderheiten der tocharischen Syntax.” Orbis 19: 452–72.
Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1976. “Zur tocharischen Entsprechung von skt. tāyin.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 89: 221–30.
Thomas, Werner. 1976a. “Zu Konjunktion yo und Instrumentalaffix -yo in Tocharisch A.” Indogermanische Forschungen 80: 71–79.
Thomas, Werner. 1979d. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.
Thomas, Werner. 1981. “Indogermanisches in der Syntax des Tocharischen: Zum Ausdruck eines Gebotes und Verbotes.” In Festschrift der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 481–97.
Thomas, Werner. 1989. Probleme der Übertragung buddhistischer Texte ins Tocharische. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 10. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1991. Zwei weitere Maitreya-Fragmente in Tocharisch A. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVIII. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
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