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A 295

Known as:	A 295; THT 928
Cite this page as:	Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (translation). "A 295". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a295 (accessed 27 Jul. 2024).
Edition
Editor:	Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (translation)
Provenience
Main find spot:	Shorchuk
Specific find spot:	Stadthöhle
Expedition code:	T III Š 79.17
Collection:	Berlin Turfan Collection
Language and Script
Language:	TA
Script:	classical
Text contents
Title of the work:	Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka
Passage:	Act 5?
Text genre:	Literary
Text subgenre:	Drama
Verse/Prose:	prose; verse
Object
Manuscript:	M-γ
Material:	ink on paper
Form:	Poṭhī
Number of lines:	8

Images

Transliteration

lf	60 7
a1	///
a2	/// [t]l· – – – – – ·ñ· pu kka pśa ñi [w]· – – – – – – – sa lpmāṃ a ñcwā ṣi lya lypu ·y· – sa lpmā[ṃ] mu [r]l·
a3	– – – – – – – sa lpmāṃ tri śu lma ṣka pśi ññaṃ tsā kñā wā tñā – – – – – – – – ñi : sa lpmāṃ a ñcwā ṣṣā ñpa ñka¯ ¯nt śo lyme¯ ¯ñä
a4	– – – – – – – ta rñi wī yu trī kū ca¯ ¯m klo pyo 5 || ta nne wka nyo pa lsk[o] [ra] – – kwra ssa ṣki pma ska ta¯ ¯r nu na kpa ltsa ṅkā¯ ¯s̝ hī
a5	[¯ś]· – – – – – – ¯p yā mlu ne yi¯ ¯s ku sne ñi kā su yā ma sca mi¯ ¯k nä¯ ¯s̝ o ma sk· pa lskā kuya lmā nä ṣśo¯ ¯l ra ryu ra¯ ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ
a6	ka lk·¯ ¯m • – – – – nä ṣlyu tā rpe nu knā nmu ne yā tlu ne «yo» ka knu ma ska ta¯ ¯r lya lypa ntwā śśi ta· pe wā tsu ne yā nu mā o kta¯ ¯m ksa lu ne yaṃ ytsi
a7	cä mpa¯ ¯s̝ • ja ·u nā¯ ¯t wsā ṣi ṣu llo ki ka pśa ñi ma ska traṃ • tma¯ ¯s̝ lya lypu rṣi ñi wra sa ñtsa raṃ ye pe syo ku mse¯ ¯ñcä wsā ṣiṃ i me yo ca mi ka pśi ñ[ñ]ä¯ ¯s̝ śwā l[l]ā ta
a8	ṅkā ntra • ka nta ntu yo pu klā ka tke¯ ¯ñcä ca mi ka pśi ññä¯ ¯s̝ śwā llā ta ṅkā tsi mā a ra ta¯ ¯r ca m[l]ā t·· ntaṃ lya ly[pa] n·ā ·i ///
b1	ntaṃ lya lypa ntu ā re ñcäṃ ca ma¯ ¯k klo pyo śo lla ñcs̝aṃ ksa lu ne yaṃ ka lka¯ ¯s̝ • ta myo o ma sku ne y· ṣpra ski a rs̝a lk· – ·ñ· ///
b2	rcki näṃ ywā rckiṃ – – kyo śa kra¯ ¯nt wra maṃ pā sa ntra tā mpra ṣtaṃ pa¯ ¯ñä tmāṃ pu klā śo lma ska tra¯ ¯m • ä ntā ne ma dhya dhi mā ttra pa ltsa kyo pā sa ntra tā mpra ṣtaṃ s̝a¯ ¯k tmā[ṃ] pu klā ś·
b3	lma ska t[ra] – – – [a] dhi mā ttra mṛ du pa ltsa kyo pā sa ntra tā mpra ṣṭaṃ wra sa¯ ¯ñä s̝pa ttmāṃ pu klā śo lśā we¯ ¯ñcä • ä ntā ne a dhi mā ttra ma dhya pa ltsa kyo pā
b4	– – – – – – – – tmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi śo lpa rka rma ska ta¯ ¯r to sa mpra s̝ta ntwaṃ tma kmā – – ṣā ni kā¯ ¯ñä bo dhi sa tvā¯ ¯ñä jā ta ka¯ ¯s ype¯ ¯ñcä
b5	– – – – – – – – kṣi na ki ma ska ntra • ä ntā ne nu wra sa¯ ¯ñä a dhi mā trā dhi mā [t]· – – – – kra¯ ¯nt wra maṃ pā sa ntra tā mpra ṣtaṃ o ka ttmāṃ śtwa
b6	– – – – – – – – [l]pa rka rma s[ka] ta¯ ¯r pu kwra sa¯ ¯ñä ā ne ñci yä – – – – – – – – [pā] sa ntra • taṃ ne wka nyo sa skā swo ne yu ma ñcä
b7	/// [śa] ṅ[kh]e – – – – – [p]·¯ ¯k ca kra va rtti ·ä – – – – – – – ska ta¯ ¯r || phu lle naṃ || ta n[n]e w[ka] – ja mbu dvi¯ ¯p tso
b8	///

Transcription

lf

60-7

a1	///
a2	/// tl· – – – – – ·ñ·puk kapśañi w· – – – – – – – sälpmāṃ añcwāṣi lyalypu(r)y(eṣ) sälpmāṃ murl(isyo) (mrācaṃ) (yämniṣ-ñi) (triku)
a3	– – – – – – – sälpmāṃ triśul mäṣ n1 kapśiññaṃ tsākñā wātñā – – – – – – – – ñi : sälpmāṃ añcwāṣṣāñ päñ-känt śolymeñ
a4	– – – – – – – tär ñi wīyu trīkū cam klopyo 5 ॥ tanne wkänyo pälskorä – – k wrassäṣ kip mäskatär nuna-k pältsäṅkāṣ hī-
a5	-ś(t) (tākiṣ) (ñi) (omäskenā)p yāmluneyis kus ne ñi kāsu yāmäs cami-k näṣ omäsk(eṃ) pälskā kuyal mā näṣ śol raryuräṣ ksaluneyaṃ
a6	n2 kälk(i)m • (säm) (nape)näṣ lyutār penu knānmune yātluneyo kaknu mäskatär lyalypäntwāśśi ta(m)pewātsuneyā nu mā ok täm ksaluneyaṃ ytsi
a7	cämpäṣ • ja(mb)unāt wsāṣi ṣull oki kapśañi mäskatraṃ • tmäṣ lyalypurṣiñi wrasañ tsaraṃ yepesyo kumseñc wsāṣiṃ imeyo cami kapśiññäṣ śwāl lātä-
a8	-ṅkānträ • käntantuyo puklā kätkeñc cami kapśiññäṣ śwāl lātäṅkātsi mā aratär cam lāt··ntaṃ lyalypän(tw)ā(śś)i ///
b1	n3 ntaṃ lyalypäntu āreñc-äṃ cam-äk klopyo śol läñcṣäṃ ksaluneyaṃ kalkaṣ • tämyo omäskuney(ä)ṣ praski arṣäl k· – ·ñ· ///
b2	rckinäṃ ywārckiṃ – – kyo śäkrant wramäṃ pāsanträ tām praṣtaṃ päñ tmāṃ puklā śol mäskatr-äm • äntā ne madhyadhimātträ pältsäkyo pāsanträ tām praṣtaṃ ṣäk tmāṃ puklā ś(o)-
b3	-l mäskaträ – – – adhimāttramṛdu pältsäkyo pāsanträ tām praṣṭaṃ wrasañ ṣpät tmāṃ puklā śol śāweñc • äntā ne adhimāttramadhya pältsäkyo pā
b4	– – – – – – – – tmāṃ puklā wrasaśśi śol pärkär mäskatär tosäm praṣtäntwaṃ tm-äk mā – (ā)ṣānikāñ bodhisatvāñ jātakäs ypeñc
b5	– – – – – – – – kṣinaki mäskanträ • äntā ne nu wrasañ adhimātrādhimāt(rä) – – – (śä)krant wramäṃ pāsanträ tām praṣtaṃ okät tmāṃ śtwa
b6	– – – – – – – – l pärkär mäskatär puk wrasañ āneñci yä – – – – – – – – pāsanträ • taṃne wkänyo säs kāswoneyumäñcä
b7	/// śaṅkhe – – – – – p·k cakravartti ·ä – – – – – – (mä)skatär ॥ phullenaṃ ॥

1a	tanne wkä(nyo) ; jambudvip ; tso

Translation

a2	... all... body... ... with burning iron deed, with burning reeds may he reach the top of my head... ... confused...
a3	... they would pierce and thrust a burning trident into the body...
a3+	... five hundred burning iron needles...
a4	... my... afraid and confused through the pain... Having thought thus... there is shame from the beings. Again, he thinks:
a4+	Fie on my evil doing! ...
a5	I planned evil against the very one who did good to me.
a5+	Why shouldn’t I, having given up life, go into nirvāṇa?
a6	He is endowed with knowledge and capability beyond even any human.
a6+	Because of the power of the deeds he cannot go into Nirvāṇa.
a7	His body is like a mountain made of Jambunāda-gold. Thus, the karmic beings come with knives in their hand.
a7+	With their mind set on goldn4 , they cut of meat from his body.
a8	Even if years pass by the hundreds, the cutting off of flesh from his body doesn't cease. ... cut off... of the deeds...
b1	The deeds will cease for him. Through this very pain, his life will exit and go to Nirvāṇa. Therefore, fear of evil is to be evoked...
b2	When they observe ten things with a middle-middle mindn5 , then their life is 50 000 years.
b2+	When they observe them with a mind of middle-superior level, then their life is 60 000 years.
b3	When they guard them with a mind of inferior-superior level, then the beings live a life of 70 000 years.
b3+	When they guard them with a mind of superior-middle level, ... the life of the beings is... ten thousend years long.
b4+	In those times, the venerable bodhisattvas do not make jātakas.
b5	... they are worthy of a gifts.
b5+	When the beings guard the ten things (with a mind) of superior-superior level, then (the life of the beings) is 80 000 and four... years long.
b6	All beings diligently... guard...
b6+	In this way, he... virtuous...
b7	Śaṅkhe... Cakravartin... is... In the Phullena-tune: In this way, Jambudvīpa...

Other

a3	...setzt er den glühenden Dreizack, in den Körper stach [und] stieß(?) er... (Schmidt 1974: 21)
a4+	Wiederum denkt er: "Pfui (sei) über (mein böses) Tun! Wer mir Gutes getan hat, eben dem habe ich Böses zugedacht." (Schmidt 1974: 181)
a5+	Why shouldn't I, having given up life, go into nirvāṇa? (Peyrot 2013b: 242)
a7+	Darauf kommen die Karman-Wesen mit Schwertern in der Hand [und] schneiden sich in der Annahme, [es sei] Gold, Fleisch von seinem Körper. (Schmidt 1974: 437)
a8	By hundreds the years will pass, [but] cutting off flesh from his body [will] not stop. (cf 99) (Peyrot 2013b: 641)
a8	Zu Hunderten werden die Jahre vergehen, [aber] man hört nicht auf, Fleisch von seinem Körper zu schneiden [wtl. das Fleisch hört nicht auf, von dessen Körper zu schneiden (= geschnitten zu werden)]. (Schmidt 1974: 99)

Commentary

Remarks

	Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009.
	Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS).
	Lines a1 and b8 are lost.

Parallel texts

	YQ N.3; YQ N.4

Philological commentary

	This fragment may contain part of the fift act of the Maitreyasamitināṭaka. There are no obvious Uy. parallels, and the tocharian parallels YQ N.3 and YQ N.4 are not clearly identified as to which act they belong in either. This fragment's connection to act V is established by the existence of a folio number (67) on the verso side, which can be calculated to go into this act. But see Pinault 1999: 198-9.
n1	Schmidt 1974: 21 suggests that the sequence śu LMA ṣ might stand for triśul lmäṣ. The annotation in Sieg and Siegling 1921 implies a similar analysis. However, the sequence : mäṣ kapśiññaṃ attested in YQ N.3 a7 strongly suggests that the original segmentation in Sieg and Siegling 1921 was correct (cf. Carling 2000: 220 n443).
n3	The reading aṣaṃ in Sieg and Siegling 1921: 155 was corrected to arṣa in Thomas 2003: 308. The segmentation arṣäl k· is thanks to a suggestion by Sergey Malyshev (p.c., 14 June 2016).
n4	For the combination of ime with an adjective in -ṣi, cf. A 5 b5 and A 7 b3.
n5	For the translation, cf. Dictionary and Thesaurus of Tocharian A s.v. ywārckinäṃ-ywārckiṃ-pältsäk*.

Linguistic commentary

n2	The restoration kälk(i)m is thanks to Sergey Malyshev (p.c. 6 January 2017).

References

Online access

IDP: THT 928; TITUS: THT 928

Edition

Sieg and Siegling 1921: 155-156; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 155, p. 156

Translations

Carling 2000: a2 (125), a3 (220), a5 (247), b2 (308); Hackstein 1995: b2 (175); Knoll 1996: b4 (20); Kölver 1965: a6 (100), a7 (12); Peyrot 2013b: a5 a6 (242), a8 (641); Schmidt 1974: a3 (20 n.4), a3 (21), a4 a5 (181), a7 a8 (437), a8 (99); Thomas 1952: a7 (62), a8 (62); Thomas 1954: a6 a7 (722); Thomas 1957: a3 (57), a4 a5 (190, 224), a6 a7 (275); Thomas 1958a: a6 (141); Thomas 1968: a7 (204); Thomas 1983: a5 a6 (34), a6 a7 (34); Thomas 1986: a4 a5 (120); Thomas 1990: a7 (46)

Bibliography

Carling 2000

Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.

Carling et al. 2009

Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Hackstein 1995

Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

IDP

“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.

Knoll 1996

Knoll, Gabriele. 1996. “Die Verwendungsweisen der Adjektive im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Kölver 1965

Kölver, Bernhard. 1965. “Der Gebrauch der sekundären Kasus im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Peyrot 2013b

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Pinault 1999

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1999. “Restitution du Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka en tokharien A: Bilan provisoire et recherches complémentaires sur l’acte XXVI.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 189–240.

Schmidt 1974

Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.

Sieg and Siegling 1921

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.

Sieg and Siegling 1921

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.

Thomas 1952

Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.

Thomas 1954

Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.

Thomas 1957

Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Thomas 1958a

Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.

Thomas 1968

Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.

Thomas 1983

Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.

Thomas 1986

Thomas, Werner. 1986. “Zur Stellung von toch. A nuṃ, B nano ‘wieder’ innerhalb des Satzes.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 99: 117–46.

Thomas 1990

Thomas, Werner. 1990. Tocharische Maitreya-Parallelen aus Hami. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVII. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Thomas 2003

Thomas, Werner. 2003. “Bemerkungen zu den ‘Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka’.” Indogermanische Forschungen 108: 305–29.

TITUS

Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.