A 269 and 290
Known as: | A 269 and 290; A 269 = THT 902; A 290 = THT 923 |
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Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling; Georges-Jean Pinault; Hannes A. Fellner; Bernhard Koller. "A 269 and 290". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a269anda290 (accessed 12 Feb. 2025). |
Edition | |
Editor: | Gerd Carling; Georges-Jean Pinault; Hannes A. Fellner; Bernhard Koller |
Date of online publication: | 2016-09-22 |
Provenience | |
Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
Expedition code: | T III Š 94.08, T III Š 64.12 |
Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
Language: | TA |
Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
Title of the work: | Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka |
Passage: | Act 1 |
Text genre: | Literary |
Text subgenre: | Drama |
Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
Meter: | 554443 (4x); 543 (4x) |
Object | |
Manuscript: | M-β |
Material: | ink on paper |
Form: | Poṭhī |
Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk
by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
a1 | [r]· [p]· [ñc]· ā ·k· ś· ṣṣ· ·tā pa¯ ¯·k s· /// /// ka [ś]k· ā rā [nt]· /// |
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a2 | ptā ñka tka ṣṣi ma ska ta¯ ¯r || hai /// /// tta¯ ¯ts koṃ ku cne /// |
a3 | tse rṣi va daṃ wä rtaṃ ce sa msa /// /// ñ[ā] mma na¯ ¯cä || ṣe ra /// |
a4 | ka rkṣi nā¯ ¯ñä : ya spe nu tsa /// /// kka(·) k· ·n· – s̝a pi cä sṣā – ñ· /// |
a5 | śo ṣi tu ṅki ñtsi ya¯ ¯cä /// /// wa ckā swa¯ ¯cä ·[k]·¯ ¯cä : na [ṣ]p· nu ka lk· /// |
a6 | ta mka klyu ṣu ra ṣmā rñ· /// /// – ·y· ptā ñka tka ṣyā¯ ¯p a na pra ṣtmo ra¯ ¯s̝ ṣlyo k·· /// |
a7 | sa¯ ¯m ta nne wka nyo pa /// /// nā syo tu śā waṃ nyo na¯ ¯s̝t ka ka rku : mā tu /// |
a8 | /// ·ā r·· /// /// ¯m mā kwra sa ś·i kā swo ne yaṃ pka¯ – ya tsi ka /// |
b1 | /// ·su [ka] /// /// kcyā ñna peṃ ṣā ñpu kka rkṣi nā ñka rṣto – ñ· [•] ta nne /// |
b2 | tma ṣmā rñka¯ ¯t yu tko /// /// ka¯ ¯t || pu rṇa ke tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ kuya lla śśi ptā ñka /// |
b3 | na śśi kā su ya li smo /// /// ntā ne bo dhi sa ttu wi ki u pñi pu klyi na smāṃ /// |
b4 | ¯nt mā rñka¯ ¯t ja mbu dvi paṃ /// /// ¯s̝ bra mñä ktu ·e ṣiṃ we ṣyo ta mne w[ka] /// |
b5 | ka¯ ¯r – ä ntā ne nu ṣā mnā[¯] [¯ñä] /// /// pa [da] cā ri [ka] lke¯ ¯ñcä [t]a m·ā /// |
b6 | yo trai vā ci kśa ra ṇa ga myo /// /// ·[ṣ]ā mnā ñma ska ntra • || /// |
b7 | ā kla ṣlye¯ ¯s pka¯ ¯nt pka¯ ¯nt ja /// /// ·ma tta kpe nu [p]· /// |
b8 | p·ā [tr]i kā s·· rnaṃ śa ś·· ra¯ ¯s̝ /// /// rśo pe nu se nā /// |
Transcription
1a | a1 r· p(o)ñc(äṃ) ā(r)k(i)ś(o)ṣṣ(is) tāpä(r)k s(emäśwaṃ) (kalkar) (śla)k{†ä} śk(aṃ) ārānt(iśparäṃ) (kälpānt) /// (tā) a2 ptāñkät käṣṣi mäskatär ॥ hai(mavati) (träṅkäṣ) (ārśo-k) (wä)tt ats koṃ kuc ne /// (bārāṇas) (riyac) (kā)a3tse rṣivadaṃ wärtaṃ cesäm sä(ksäk) (ārāntās) (kākkuräṣ) (we)ñā-mm anac ॥ ṣera(śi-niṣkramāntaṃ) (॥) /// a4 kärkṣināñ : |
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1b | yas penu tsa(lpoṣ) ; (pu)k kä(r)k(ṣi)n(āsä)ṣ{†ä} ; picäs ṣā(mnā)ñ ; (riyäṣ) (riyac) ; (ypeyäṣ) (ypeyac) ; (tām) (prāṣtaṃ) |
1c | /// 10σ ; (ārki)a5śoṣi ; tuṅkiñtsiyac ; (pukis) (plānto)wac ; kāswac (su)k(a)c : |
* | näṣ p(e)nu kalk(am) /// |
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a6 | täm kaklyuṣuräṣ mār-ñ(kät) (tpär) (manarkāṣi) (weṣ)y(o) ptāñkät käṣyāp anaprä ṣtmoräṣ ṣlyok (caṣ) (träṅkäṣ) /// |
1b | (kuyal) (tsälpo) (na)a7sam ; tanne wkänyo ; pä(ltsäṅkāt) (:) |
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1c | (kärkṣi)nāsyo tu ; śāwaṃnyo naṣt ; kakärku : |
1d | mā tu (ats) (ṣāmaṃ) ; (puk) (wäknā) (ñi) ; (tsälpāl) (naṣt) (:) (1) |
* | /// |
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a8 | /// (m)ār (ñkät) (tṣaṃ) (kakmu) (naṣ) (ca)m māk wrasaś(ś)i kāswoneyaṃ pkä(nt) yatsi kä(ryatsum) /// |
b1 | /// (ymas)su ka(r) /// /// |
1b | (ñä)kcyāñ napeṃṣāñ ; puk kärkṣināñ ; kärṣto(nt) ñ(i) • |
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* | tanne (wkänyo) /// |
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b2 | tmäṣ mār-ñkät yutko (ṣokyo) (kipsu) (nāṃtsu) (ymār) (na)kät ॥ purṇake träṅkäṣ kuyall aśśi ptāñkä(t) (käṣṣi) /// (ñäktas) (nape)¬ |
b3 | näśśin1 kāsu yalis mo(saṃ) (lywā-m) (kuyalte) (ä)ntā ne bodhisattu wiki {ñ}u p{†ñ}i puklyi nasmāṃ /// (umpar) (ypa)¬ |
b4 | nt mār-ñkät jambudvipaṃ (kārna)ṣ bram-ñäktu(n)eṣiṃ weṣyo tämne wkä(nyo) /// |
b5 | kar (•) äntā ne nu ṣāmnāñ (jana)padacāri kälkeñc täm (k)ā(rme) (märkampal) /// (korisyo) (tmānäntu)¬ |
b6 | yo traivācik śaraṇagamyo (yärk) (yāmuṣ) ṣāmnāñ mäskanträ • ॥ /// |
b7 | ākläṣlyes pkänt pkänt ja(napadacāri) (lworäṣ) mättak penu p(tāñkät) (käṣṣi) /// (ā)¬ |
b8 | p(ṣ)ātrikās (pa)rnaṃ śaś(mu)räṣ (wāskās) (yāmtsāt-äm) (ā)rśo penu senā(yanagrām) (ṣukṣaṃ) /// |
Translation
a1 | ... now they came to the protection-giver of the whole world and in addition they obtained the arhathood. |
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a1+ | "Where is the Buddha-god, the teacher?" || |
a2 | Haimavata (says:) ("Today) it is exactly the second day that (the Buddha-god) ..." |
a2+ | ... close to the city of Vārāṇaṣī, in the Ṛṣivadana-wood, having called these sixty arhats, he said to them: |
a3 | || In the tune Ṣeraśi-niṣkramānta: || ... |
a3+ | ... the fetters (have been broken by me.) |
a4 | You also are liberated from all fetters. Go, o monks (, from city to city, from country to country at this time!) |
a4+ | ... in order to love the world, for the pleasure of everyone, for the good, for the happiness. |
a5 | I also will go (today to the village of Senāyanī) ... |
a6 | Having heard that the god Māra (above [in heaven] in the guise of a brahmin youth, having placed himself in front of the Buddha-god, the teacher, says this stanza: ... |
a6+ | "Why do you think in that way: "I am liberated."? |
a7 | You are bound by strong fetters. You, o monk, won't ever be liberated by me." |
a7+ | The god Māra has come here with the intention of obstructing [lit. making an obstacle for] this good deed for many beings. |
b1 | ... all the divine (and) human fetters have been broken by me. In that way ... |
b2 | Thereupon, the god Māra, having become upset and very shameful, disappeared quickly. || Pūrṇaka says: |
b2+ | "Why then ... the Buddha-god, the teacher, for the sake of doing good to the gods and humans, sent (his disciples?) |
b3+ | (Here is why:) When the bodhisattva, at the age of twenty nine years ... ... the evil-doing god Māra descends to the Jambudvīpa in the guise of the god Brahmā. |
b4 | in that way ... |
b5+ | ... But when the monks travel to the (different) countries and there teach the right Law ... in myriads and ten thousands, having paid homage through the three-fold refuge-going [śaraṇagamana], they become monks. |
b6+ | ... (having sent) the disciples, each separately, into different countries, the Buddha-god, the teacher, himself also... having placed the inhabitants of the borough in glorious [status], (he made them lay-followers.) |
b8 | Today also, (he goes to the village of) Senā(yanagrāma) ... |
Other
a5 | I too will go … (Peyrot 2013b: 622) |
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b5 | if the monks … go walking (the right way?), … (Peyrot 2013b: 643) |
Commentary
Remarks
Transcription and translation are partially based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
Fragment of a manuscript which includes A 251 - A 294 (cf. Geng et al. 2004a: 64-65). Lines a1 and b8 are lost. | |
For a complete translation and commentary cf. Pinault 2013: 187-208. | |
The narrative of this passage corresponds to a sequence of episodes told in the Catuṣpariṣatsūtra, end of Vorgang 20 to the beginning of Vorgang 22. (cf. Waldschmidt 1962, vol. II: 212-217). |
Parallel texts
MaitrHami 1, 1b 14-3a 22; MaitrSiŋgim |
Philological commentary
These fragments contain part of the first act of the Maitreyasamitināṭaka. An Uy. parallel is MaitrHami 1, 1b14 - ca. 3a12; lines a6-7 here correlate with MaitrHami 1, 2a19-24 and MaitrSiŋgim, Taf. 116 v.4-11 (Tekin 1980: 43). See also Pinault 1999: 193-194. | |
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 140, 152-153 presents the two sides of this leaf in the wrong order, as the authors already point out in the appendix (p. 256). | |
n1 | The only possible way to interpret the sequence wiki u pñi is as wiki ñu pi, which is confirmed by various parallels. As a scribal error, this kind of mistake would be unparalleled. Sieg and Siegling 1921: 152 do not comment on this sequence but Siegling corrects it in his personal copy. |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 902, THT 923; TITUS: THT 902, THT 923
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 140, 152-153; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 140, p. 152, p. 153
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (404), a3 (113), a6 (356); Knoll 1996: b1 (108, 111), b3 (29, 44); Kölver 1965: a7 (20); Peyrot 2013b: a5 (622), b5 (643); Thomas 1952: b3 (53)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Geng, Shimin, Jens Peter Laut, and Georges-Jean Pinault. 2004a. “Neue Ergebnisse der Maitrisimit-Forschung (II): Struktur und Inhalt des 26. Kapitels.” Studies on the Inner Asian Languages 19: 29–94 + III. http://hdl.handle.net/11094/16566.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Knoll, Gabriele. 1996. “Die Verwendungsweisen der Adjektive im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Kölver, Bernhard. 1965. “Der Gebrauch der sekundären Kasus im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1999. “Restitution du Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka en tokharien A: Bilan provisoire et recherches complémentaires sur l’acte XXVI.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 189–240.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2013. “Contribution de Maitrisimit à l’interprétation de textes parallèles en tokharien.” In Die Erforschung des Tocharischen und die alttürkische Maitrisimit, edited by Yukiyo Kasai, Abdurishid Yakup, and Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst, 17:183–234. Silk Road Studies. Turnhout: Brepols.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Tekin, Şinasi. 1980. Maitrisimit nom bitig. Die uigurische Übersetzung eines Werkes der buddhistischen Vaibhāṣika-Schule. 1. Teil: Transliteration, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen. 2. Teil: Analytischer und rückläufiger Index. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur des Alten Orients, Berliner Turfantexte, IX. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
Waldschmidt, Ernst. 1962. Das Catuṣpariṣatsūtra, eine kanonische Lehrschrift über die Begründung der buddhistischen Gemeinde. Text in Sanskrit und Tibetisch, verglichen mit dem Pāli nebst einer Übersetzung der chinesischen Entsprechung im Vinaya der Mūlasarvāstivādins, auf Grund von Turfan-Handschriften. 3 vols. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.