Work in progress

A 311

Known as:A 311; THT 945
Cite this page as:Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (collaborator). "A 311". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a311 (accessed 18 Feb. 2025).

Edition

Editor:Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (collaborator)

Provenience

Main find spot:Shorchuk
Specific find spot:Stadthöhle
Expedition code:T III Š 79.19
Collection:Berlin Turfan Collection

Language and Script

Language:TA
Script:classical

Text contents

Title of the work:Ṣaṭsūtra (Maitreya)
Text genre:Literary
Meter:5555 (1x), 444343 (1x), 55 (1x), 4443 (1x)

Object

Material: ink on paper
Form:Poṭhī
Number of lines:6

Images

Transliteration

a1|| su bhā dre naṃ || ma hā kā ru ṇyo ku sne ta mne ṣā sne ṣru mtu ṅki ññā pa ñcmo lwaṃ wra sa¯ ¯s : ca mkra¯ ¯nt ka ṣṣiṃ p[u¯] [¯k] knā na¯ ¯nt ynā ñmu ne ///
a2la kkoṃ pe se ya śśä¯ ¯l ṣya¯ ¯k ṣa ṭsu tra po sta¯ ¯k pe ka ma¯ ¯t 1 ku sne wra so mca¯ ¯s̝ po sta¯ ¯k pe – – – – – ··e nāṃ ytā raṃ ym· ///
a3¯s̝ : ta myo pe ka ma¯ ¯t śla wso ko ne yo : śmi ma¯ ¯s ṣa kka¯ ¯ts me tra¯ ¯k ptā ñktä¯ ¯cä ke tu ma – – [t]ā [mp]ra[¯] [¯]s̝[t] : 2 kā ru ·i[¯] [¯k] n· ///
a4[c]o kme nā kyo nkaṃ sa māṃ tñi kra¯ ¯nt śā snaṃ ka lpā ma¯ ¯t wa¯ ¯s o ñi cmo¯ ¯l : mka lto rā ṣṣa ci kra ñcsa¯ ¯cä kā tse ymāṃ : tñi kā [swo] ///
a5ā kṣi ññā ra¯ ¯m kra¯ ¯ñśä ptā ñkte ma rka mpa¯ ¯l pe klu ne ṣi pñi : pū¯ ¯k pñi ntwaṃ tpa rsu me rro ki koṃ ñkä tto ki lu kśa nu pū¯ ¯k kle śā śśi pra kte y[p]a¯ ¯nt ///
a6·[¯s̝] t·· l··¯ ¯nt ka l[l]ā¯ ¯nt ne rvā na¯ ¯cä 4 ś(·)[¯] [¯]·[k] ś··ṃ ā ṣā ni[¯] [¯k] me [nā] ///
b1[t]w· [y]ntu [:] [k]ra nts· n· – kul· ñä śwā ts· y· kts· ntu [:] pu kka· l· ///
b2la¯ ¯s̝ ku sne pñi ntu ma rka mpa¯ ¯l pe klu ne ṣiṃ ca m[pa] ñña¯ ¯cä śä kṣä kpi ñcäṃ ca mpā ka¯ ¯cä mā ku mnä¯ ¯s̝ : ta nne wka nyo śā [waṃ] pñ· ntu ku sne [pi] [k]·· ///
b3wyā ra¯ ¯s wle ṣi tra : ku rsa rśā we¯ ¯s pu kñe mi ṣnä¯ ¯s śrā ddho ne yo sa swra so¯ ¯mksa¯ ¯m pñi ntu tmā ṣi tra : wä tnu ptā ñä kt· [ma] ///
b47 kupre sa ñce yā mtra kuya lla śśi ta ppreṃ ma rka mpa lṣi pñi tso pa tṣäṃ we ñā¯ ¯r : ku sne – – – – – [ptā] ñä kta¯ ¯ñä – – v· ///
b5¯k : pu kce¯ ¯m ptā ñkta¯ ¯ñä kra¯ ¯nt ma rka mpa¯ ¯l se myā mu ra ṣśa lpa ntra : 8 tu pe nu ne ṣā pu tti rṣi na – – – – – [pm]āṃ klo pa¯ – ///
b6śäṃ se wā¯ ¯s y[a]¯ ¯ts ts[p]a [ṅ]ka ssi wsā s̝ta [r]ysā raṃ ṣi – – : ā y·[ā] ka ssi a ·äṃ rwā tsi klo [pyo] kro [p]·e – rka mpa[¯] [¯l] [:] 9 kupre o ///

Transcription

a1subhādrenaṃ
1amahākāruṇyo ; kus ne täm neṣā ; sne ṣrum tuṅkiññā ; päñ cmolwaṃ wrasas :
1bcam krant käṣṣiṃ ; puk knānänt ynāñ;mune /// 12σ
1c10σ
1da2 lāläkkoṃpe ; seyaśśäl ṣyak ; ṣaṭsuträ postäk ; pekamät 1
2akus ne wrasom caṣ ; postäk pe – – ; – – – ··enāṃ ; ytāraṃ ym· ///
2b22σ a3n1
2c: tämyo pekamät ; śla wsokoneyo :
2dśmimäs ṣakk ats ; metrak ptāñkt{ä→a}c ; ketuma – ; – tām praṣt : 2
3akāru(ṇ)ik /// 17σ
3b (mā) ; a4 cok menākyo ; nkäṃsamāṃ tñi ; krant śāsnaṃ ; kälpāmät was ; oñi cmol :
3cmkältorāṣṣ aci ; krañcsac kātse ymāṃ :
3dtñi kāswo° /// 12σ
4a a5 ; ākṣiññār-äm krañś ; ptāñkte märkampal ; pekluneṣi pñi :
4bpūk pñintwaṃ tpär ; sumerr oki ; koṃ ñkätt oki ; lukśanu ; pūk kleśāśśi ; prakte ypant (:)
4c/// 10σ
4d a6 ṣ· ; t(sä)l(pṣa)nt källānt ; nervānac 4
5aś(la-)k ś(ka)ṃ āṣānik ; menā /// 13σ
5b21σ b1 tw·yntu :
5ckränts(o)n(āñ) kul(ewā)ñ{†ä} ; śwāts(i) y(o)kts(i)ntu :
5dpuk ka·l· /// 13σ
6a20σ
6b b2 läṣ ; kus ne pñintu ; märkampal ; pekluneṣiṃ ; cam päññac {:}
6cśäkṣäkpiñcäṃ cam ; pākac kumnäṣ :
6dtanne wkänyo ; śāwaṃ pñ(i)ntu ; kus ne pik·· ///
7a15σ b3 ; wyāräs wleṣiträ :
7bkursär śāwes ; puk ñemiṣnäs ; śrāddhoneyo ; sas wrasom ; māk säm pñintu ; tmāṣiträ :
7cwät nu ptāñäkt· ; ///
7d15σ b4 7
8akupre sañce yāmträ ; kuyall aśśi täppreṃ ; märkampalṣi pñi ; tsopatṣäṃ weñār :
8bkus ne – – – – – ptāñäktañ – – ///
8c10σ b5 k :
8dpuk cem ptāñktañ ; krant märkampal ; sem yāmuräṣ ; śalpanträ : 8
9atu penu neṣā ; putti{ṣpa}rṣinä ; – – – – pmāṃ ; klopa – ///
9b18σ b6 śäṃ ; sewās yats {:}
9ctspäṅkässi wsāṣtär ; ysāräṃ ṣi – – :
9dāy (py)ākässi ; a(ś)äṃ rwātsi ; klopyo krop(t)e ; (mä)rkampal : 9
*kupre o(ntam) ///

Translation

a1In the Subhādrena-tune: The good teacher, who out of great compassion previously loved the beings in five births, the all knowing one... honor...
a2We wrote a puṣṭaka of six Sūtras together with the son Lāläkkoṃ... Whichever being (reads) this Puṣṭaka... on the way...
a3Thus, we wrote it with gladness. May we really come to the Buddha Maitreya (in the city) Ketumatī then. Compassionate...
a3+through your good teaching, which is (not) going out (lit. disappearing) like a lamp, we have obtained human birth ...
a4Going towards the good from youth onward, your virtue...
a5the good ones have taught us: the merit of writing the Law of the Buddha Lord is among the merits deep like Sumeru, bright like the sun god, removing (?) all kleśas.
a6... liberating... ... They brought to Nirvāṇa. And further, honorable...
b1Beautiful women, food, drink, all...
b2... whatever (other) virtues (there are), compared to the virtue of writing the law, they do not even reach a sixteenth of that. Thus, which great virtues...
b3If it erected monasteries, one mile large and built by jewels completely ... a solitary being could generate many merits through faith. Second... Buddha...
b4whether he will question why they have said [that] the merit of the law is so great? ...
b5All the Buddhas, having made the good law their refuge, become liberated. ... gathering the sambhāras for the Buddha-worth ...
b6... through suffering like the crushing of bones and tearing out of eyes you have collected the Law ...

Other

a3Darum haben wir desgleichen mit Freude geschrieben [in dem Wunsche]: "Möchten wir [doch] gewiss zu der Zeit zu Maitreya, dem Buddha, (in die Stadt) Ketuma(tī) kommen!" (Schmidt 1974: 449, 456)
b3... dürfte Klöster errichten, [eine] Meile groß [und] ganz aus Juwel[en] errichtet. (Schmidt 1974: 502)
b3Durch Gläubigsein dürfte sich ein Wesen viele Verdienste erzeugen. (Schmidt 1974: 421)
b4Whether he will question why they have called the merit of the law so great? (cf 239; 343) (Peyrot 2013b: 282)
b4Ob er Zweifel hegen wird? (Schmidt 1974: 343)
b5Ihre Zuflucht zum guten Gesetz genommen habend, werden alle die[se] Buddhas erlöst. (Schmidt 1974: 116)

Commentary

Remarks

*Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009.
*Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS).

Parallel texts

*A 303

Philological commentary

n1According to Sieg and Siegling 1921: 166 fn. 4 ptāñktäc is scribal error for ptāñktac.

References

Online access

IDP: THT 945; TITUS: THT 945

Edition

Sieg and Siegling 1921: 166-167; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 166, p. 167

Translations

Carling 2000: a1 (244), a2 (95), a3 (234, 284), a6 (249), b5 (404); Hackstein 1995: b6 (78); Knoll 1996: a5 (7), b3 (132); Kölver 1965: a1 (43), a4 (14), a5 (117); Peyrot 2013b: b4 (282); Schmidt 1974: a3 (449, 456f), a3 (449, 456), b3 (502), b3 (421), b4 (343), b5 (116), b7 (421); Thomas 1954: b1 (758); Thomas 1957: a1 (77), a2 (151), a3 (151), a4 (152), a5 (152), a6 (152), b4 (239), b5 (152), b6 (152), b6 (234); Thomas 1958a: a5 (147); Thomas 1967: a3 (271); Thomas 1969: a5 (249), b5 (236); Thomas 1970: a5 (275), a6 (268); Thomas 1976a: a3 (72); Thomas 1979d: a6 (168); Thomas 1983: a3 (30); Thomas 1995: b3 (58), b3 (67); Thomas 1997: a1 (80), b2 (71)

Bibliography

Carling 2000

Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.

Carling et al. 2009

Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Hackstein 1995

Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

IDP

“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.

Knoll 1996

Knoll, Gabriele. 1996. “Die Verwendungsweisen der Adjektive im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Kölver 1965

Kölver, Bernhard. 1965. “Der Gebrauch der sekundären Kasus im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.

Peyrot 2013b

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Schmidt 1974

Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.

Sieg and Siegling 1921

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.

Sieg and Siegling 1921

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.

Thomas 1954

Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.

Thomas 1957

Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Thomas 1958a

Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.

Thomas 1967

Thomas, Werner. 1967. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A yo und B wai.” Central Asiatic Journal 11: 264–74.

Thomas 1969

Thomas, Werner. 1969. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A ptāñkät [B pañäkte, pudñäkte], A koṃ [B kauṃ]: A koṃñkät [B kauṃñäkte] usw.” Orbis 18: 235–68.

Thomas 1970

Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.

Thomas 1976a

Thomas, Werner. 1976a. “Zu Konjunktion yo und Instrumentalaffix -yo in Tocharisch A.” Indogermanische Forschungen 80: 71–79.

Thomas 1979d

Thomas, Werner. 1979d. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.

Thomas 1983

Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.

Thomas 1995

Thomas, Werner. 1995. Zur tocharischen Syntax. Adverbiales A māk, B māka “viel”. Vol. 2. SbWGF, XXXIII. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Thomas 1997

Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.

TITUS

Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.