THT 12
| Known as: | THT 12; B 12a; B 12b; Bleistiftnummer 3325; Bleistiftnummer 3326 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner; Michaël Peyrot. "THT 12". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht12 (accessed 16 Sep. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner; Michaël Peyrot |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 68.26, T III Š 98.11 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
| Passage: | Book 4 (Apramādavarga), section 1, strophes 16b-32c |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | 4343 (1x), 56 (3x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra A |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 13.4 × 14.3 and 18.6 cm |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
| Interline spacing: | 1.6 cm |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | [rñ]· – ñe nto st[e] po kre nt[au] naṃ¯ ¯ts• : [wa] ra ṣṣa lñe /// /// – – (–) snai yko rñ[e] p· l[ai]· ne· t· – – /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | [rño] [m]pa lsko ññe kre¯ ¯nt spe lkke meṃ : snai yko /// /// ·t·¯ ¯t ṣa ña ñmo śau ltsa wa rñai 10 7 a lye¯ ¯k [p]r[e] – [pu] /// |
| a3 | ·[ṣ]ai ṣlyī ye le ṅke : o¯ ¯mp ma skī trā l[o] /// /// ñe msu wro tse rṣā ke 10 8 a nai kte a lo ka lymi pu tk· [a] /// |
| a4 | wi kṣe ñca : ṣa ñkre nto mpa lsko ññe yne ○ /// /// [ñ]ñ·ṃ ya kneṃ tsa ṣai ke ke nu 10 9 ce¯ ¯u lyā ka kreṃ tya kne sa ma s[k]e /// |
| a5 | – ṣa ña ka lṣlyeṃ : yä nmā ṣṣe ñca pa ○ /// /// ·[s]· : ma hā kā śya pe ṣa ñkreṃ¯ ¯nt spā rta lyñe sa 20 tu pa lko rmeṃ ślo k·[e] /// |
| a6 | – [yk]· rñe sa ma kce¯ ¯u pre ke : krui kau s̝aṃ ai śau /// /// [kn]ā stra tu po staṃ kre ntau na meṃ 20-1 ai śa mñe ṣṣe ra ṅko rmeṃ stā ṅkne· /// |
| a7 | – – [l]·· [s̝s̝aṃ] – ṣa le sa stmau ra¯ ¯mt tā kaṃ ke ntsa /// /// [c]eṃ po su lkā s̝s̝aṃ 20 2 ma hā kā śya pe ko wsa snai yko rñe sa yko rñe [n]t[a] /// |
| a8 | – – s̝s̝aṃ po śtwā ra [w]e rts[y]aṃ : ña /// /// ṣ·eṃ – – – l(·)e – – – – tse k·e ṣa¯ ¯[ñ] śau mo sai m[wä] ·e [ś](·)ā va s[t]i /// |
| b1 | – – – – – [k]· sa lṣa na [:] yau na ne pa /// /// [a] [l]· – – – ·p· ·kk· (–) – y· [n]e s[a] : [ś]w[o] y[e](·) yā ṣṣu k[ṣ]· – ·w· o no [l](·)· /// |
| b2 | – – – ·ṣ· kla ntsa ñyeṃ ka ttā ki ra¯ ¯m[t]• 20 5 ly[ā] /// /// [k]·ṃ – mā neṃ : sp[ā] rta lñe nt[ā] cā ra [nt]a mu skau w[ā] ttsai¯ ¯k : je ta va nmeṃ ne k· /// |
| b3 | – – – sky[e] ntra 20 6 ma kte sa kna ka mā te keṃ ta /// /// tra pa kwā re tū re ksa me : tu meṃ lya ma a sā nne e nṣṣa te me : – /// |
| b4 | [7] mā¯ ¯wk so yce¯ ¯r pi ścme lṣa na la kle nta ○ /// /// srū ka lñe e kñi sta rme : wro tsai we rtsyai ne te wñā¯ ¯s sā ṅkne ywā [rśk] /// |
| b5 | 20 8 mā tne sāṃ ksa to¯ ¯t ne saṃ ṣa mā ○ /// /// a lā sñe swā ra stra o stmeṃ ltu ṣe¯ ¯k : ka lpau wa ra kre ntau na /// |
| b6 | rtsi ca mpi 20 9 tu meṃ po yśi a kṣ[ā] me nai [r]·· /// /// stsi śco mrau ska lñe rtsi¯ ¯ś : ṣa mā ññe ne la rau ñe ta nma s· [s]i ś(·)o [:] [se] /// |
| b7 | lke sa snai yko rñe sa wlā wa lñe sa mai ma[ṃ] t[s]e /// /// ·i sa : ce¯ ¯u ke re kau na wno lme mā me lya nne : ·[e] ·o¯ ¯k /// |
| b8 | yma sso nte a stre pa ls[k]o wno lme ntse : ke ś[ta] /// /// – [l]· [k]·[e] sa śa ye ñca n[ts]e – ·[ai] ·o [r]·e /// |
Transcription
| (snai-yko)- | |
| a1 | -n1rñ(e) |
| Xx | ; (au)ñento ste po krentaunaṃts : |
|---|---|
| 16d | waräṣṣalñe /// 11σ /// – – snai ykorñe p(e)lai(k)ne(n)t(a) – – |
| 17b | /// 1σ (snai) (yko)a2n2n3rñ= ompalskoññe ; krent spelkkemeṃ : |
| 17c | snai yko(rñesa) /// 7σ |
| 17d | 4σ /// ·t·t ṣañ-añmo ; śaultsa warñai 10-7 |
| 18a | alyek pre(ke) pu… /// 9σ |
| 18b | 6σ a3n4 ·ṣai ; ṣlyīye leṅke : |
| 18c | omp mäskītr= ālo(kalymi) ; /// 4σ |
| 18d | 5σ /// ñem su ; wrotse rṣāke 10-8 |
| 19a | anaikte alokälymi ; putk(au) a… /// 4σ |
| 19b | 8σ a4n5n6 wikṣeñca : |
| 19c | ṣañ krent ompalskoññe yne(ś) ; (yamaṣṣeñca) (:) |
| 19d | (po) (ṣamā)ññ(e)ṃ yakneṃtsa ; ṣai kekenu 10-9 |
| 20a | ceu lyāka kreṃt yaknesa ; mäske /// 5σ |
| 20b | 6σ a5n7 – 1σ ; ṣañ akalṣlyeṃ : |
| 20c | yänmāṣṣeñca pa /// /// ·s· 6σ : |
| 20d | mahākāśyape ṣañ kreṃnt ; spārtalyñesa 20 |
| 21a | tu pälkormeṃ ślok (w)e(ña) ; /// 7σ |
| 21b | 3σ a6n8 (snai) yk(o)rñesa ; mäkceu preke : |
| 21c | krui kauṣäṃ aiśau(mye) /// 5σ |
| 21d | 2σ /// knāsträ tu postäṃ ; krentaunameṃ 20-1 |
| 22a | aiśamñeṣṣe räṅkormeṃ ; stāṅkne – /// 5σ |
| 22b | 8σ a7– – 1σ l(kā)ṣṣäṃ (:) |
| 22c | ṣalesa stmau ramt tākaṃ ; kentsa /// 2σ |
| 22d | 6σ /// ceṃ ; po su lkāṣṣäṃ 20-2 |
| 23a | mahākāśyape kowsa ; snai ykorñesa ykorñenta (:) |
| 23b | /// 11σ |
| 23c | 4σ a8– – 1σ ṣṣäṃ po ; śtwāra wertsyaṃ : |
| 23d | ña – – /// 10σ |
| 24a | /// ṣ·eṃ – – – l·e – – – – tse ; k(us)e ṣañ śaumo saim-wä(st)e {:} |
| 24b | ś(r)āvasti /// 11σ |
| 24c | 7σ b1n9 – – – – – k(au)salṣana : |
| 24d | yaunane pa – /// 7σ |
| 25a | 5σ /// al· – 2σ ; – 1σ (s)p(el)kk(e) (maka) y(k)nesa : |
| 25b | śwoye(ṃ) yāṣṣu kṣ· – ·w· ; onol(me) /// 1σ |
| 25c | 11σ |
| 25d | b2– – – ·ṣ· 4σ kläntsañyeṃ ; kattāki ramt 20-5 |
| 26a | lyā – /// 13σ |
| 26b | 7σ /// ; k(e)ṃ (ṣa)māneṃ : |
| 26c | spārtalñent= ācāränta ; muskauw= āttsaik : |
| 26d | jetavanmeṃ nek(a) /// 1σ ; 1σ b3n10 – – (mä)skyenträ 20-6 |
| 27a | makte sakna kamāte ; keṃ ta – /// 5σ |
| 27b | 3σ /// trä pakwāre ; tū reksa-me : |
| 27c | tumeṃ lyama asānne ; enṣṣate-me : |
| 27d | – /// 11σ (2) b4n11 7 |
| 28a | māwk soycer piś-cmelṣana ; läklenta /// 4σ |
| 28b | 4σ /// srūkalñe ; ekñi star-me : |
| 28c | wrotsai wertsyaine te wñās ; sāṅkne ywārśk(a) (:) |
| 28d | /// 11σ b5n12 20-8 |
| 29a | mā tne sāṃksa tot nesäṃ ; ṣamā(neṃts) /// 4σ |
| 29b | 1σ /// alāsñe swārästrä ; ostmeṃ ltu ṣek : |
| 29c | kälpauwa ra krentauna ; /// 4σ |
| 29d | 7σ (e)b6n13rtsi campi 20-9 |
| 30a | tumeṃ poyśi akṣā-me ; nai r – /// 6σ |
| 30b | 5σ /// stsiśco ; mrauskalñ= ertsiś : |
| 30c | ṣamāññene larauñe ; tanmäs(t)siś(c)o : |
| 30d | se /// 10σ |
| 31a | 14σ |
| 31a | (spe)b7n14lkesa snai ykorñesa ; wlāwalñesa maimaṃtse (:) |
| 31b | /// 9σ /// – isa : |
| 31c | ceu kerekauna wnolme ; mā melyan-ne : |
| 31d | (wc)e (śl)ok /// 9σ |
| 32a | 4σ b8n15 ymassonte ; astre pälsko wnolmentse : |
| 32b | keś tä(ttārmeṃ) /// 7σ |
| 32c | 3σ /// (pe)l(ai)k(n)esa ; śayeñcantse (:) |
| (sn)ai (yk)or(ñ)e(ccepi) /// |
Translation
| a1 | (diligence) is the beginning of all virtues. (diligence) in the practice ... diligence in the laws [16d] |
|---|---|
| a2 | diligence in meditation and in good effort. (By) diligence ... oneself life-long. [17d] At another time the Buddha (was staying in the Jetavana) ... |
| a3 | was a mountain slope. There was the great sage directed towards a single goal, (Mahākāśyapa by) name. [18d] Unknown, separated, directed towards a single goal ... |
| a4 | avoiding, per(forming) his good meditation, in the ways of monks he was fulfilled. [19d] Him, the one being in a good way, (the Buddha with the divine glance) saw |
| a5 | (and he called) his pupils: Entering (with the) mind (I saw): Mahākāśyapa [is] in his good behavior. [20d] With regard to this (the Buddha) spoke the strophe: .... |
| a6 | “If the wise destroys (the negligence) by diligence, at what time [ever], ... afterwards he is (not) careless in virtues. [21d] Having climbed up to the palace of wisdom ... |
| a7 | (he sees), like he was standing on the mountain, as if they were on earth ... he sees all these”. [22d] Mahākāśyapa destroyed the negligences by diligence ... |
| a8 | .... (he sees) all four retinues ... [23] ... shelter and refuge [for him], who [is] his a man. (In the town?) Śrāvastī ... |
| b1 | ... in the Kausala-countries the monks ... [24] (Without) effort in (manifold) ways. They ate alms ... |
| b2 | ... slept like thehouseholders. [25] (The Buddha) saw ... the monks, all good behaviors and rules completely disappeared. From the Jetavana ... |
| b3 | they were. [26d] He himself wore rags, the earth ... that covered them the evil. [27b] Than he sat down on [his] seat [and] instructed them ... |
| b4 | [27d] Are you not saturated by the sufferings of the five birth, (you monks)? ... “Death is our (only certain) possession”. This you said in the great assembly amongst the community ... |
| b5 | There is here no community (of) monks (as long as) [he] continuously takes pleasure in idleness, he who has gone from the house. Even the virtues [already] obtained ... |
| b6 | might effect. [29d] Then the Omniscient said to them, in order to ... to evoke world weariness, to generate love of monkshood, ... (two strophes). ... [30d] |
| b7 | By (effort), by diligence, by self-control, the learned one ... [31b] such a being, the flood does not crush it. (He spoke the second) strophe ... [31d] ... |
| b8 | of the one who is aware, the being of pure thought, the one considerately living according to the law, the diligent one ... |
Other
| a6 | If the wise one at whatever time kills the negligences with diligence, … (Peyrot 2013b: 711) |
|---|---|
| a6 | Wenn der Verständige (die Lässigkeiten) durch (Nicht)lässigkeit, zu welcher Zeit [auch immer], vernichtet, ... ist er danach (nicht) lässig in den Tugenden. (Schmidt 1974: 177) |
| b3 | Darauf setzte er sich [scil. der Buddha] auf einen Sitz und unterwies sie. (Schmidt 1974: 509) |
| b5 | Nicht gibt es hier solange eine Gemeinde (der) Mönche ..., (solange) an der Lässigkeit ständig Gefallen findet der aus dem Haus Gegangene. (Schmidt 1974: 145) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Uv 4.4-4.6 |
Philological commentary
| Contains strophes 16b-32c of the first section of the Apramādavarga (IV) in a 14, 11, 11, 11 metre, the rhythm in a is 7/7, in b-d it is 7/4. The many gaps in the text require a lot of supplementing in the translation, but these supplements lack certainty, particularly in the case of larger gaps. | |
| n1 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 160. |
| n2 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 36 fn. 3 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 160. |
| n3 | Additions according to Sieg and Siegling 1949: II, 20 fn. 4. |
| n4 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 36 fn. 4 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 160. |
| n5 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 160. |
| n6 | Additions according to Sieg and Siegling 1949: II, 20 fn. 7. |
| n7 | Additions according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 161. |
| n8 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 161. |
| n9 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 36 fn. 18 |
| n10 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 37 fn. 1. |
| n11 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 37 fn. 3. |
| n12 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 162. |
| n13 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 37 fn. 5. |
| n14 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 37 fn. 6 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 162. |
| n15 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 37 fn. 8 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 162. |
Remarks
| Two non-continuous fragments belonging to the same leaf. The first encompasses the left side of the leaf, slightly more damaged at the top, to the string hole. The second is a larger fragment from the center of the leaf, damaged on all sides. |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Tamai 2011 | C5 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 12a, THT 12b; TITUS: THT 12
Miscellaneous
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1949: I, 20-22; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 35-37 notes 160-163
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (282), a6 (153, 282, 330), b3 (170), b4 (348); Hackstein 1995: a7 (54), b2 (190), b3 (117); Krause 1952: b4 (62); Peyrot 2013b: a6 (711); Schmidt 1974: a6 (177), b3 (509), b5 (145); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 19-22); Thomas 1954: b6 (752); Thomas 1957: a2 (28), a2 a3 (28), a4 (298), a5 (165), b1 (71), b2 (71), b6 (165); Thomas 1966a: b6 (166); Thomas 1967a: a3 (68); Thomas 1979b: b5 (26); Thomas 1983: a6 (23); Thomas 1997: a7 (106)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1949. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1966a. “Tocharische Udānastotras der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 80: 163–81.
Thomas, Werner. 1967a. “Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen.” Indogermanische Forschungen 72: 58–78.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
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