THT 19
| Known as: | THT 19; B 19; Bleistiftnummer 3357 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 19". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht19 (accessed 14 Nov. 2025). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Kizil Ming-öy |
| Expedition code: | T III MQ 17.5 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Add. linguistic characteristics: | hypercorrect |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
| Passage: | Book 8 (Vācāvarga), strophes 51b-58b. |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | 554443 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra D |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 13.5 × 27 cm |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// ne wa lke pre ścya ntsa e mp· l[o] na a [k]wa tsa na lkā s̝s̝aṃ nrai nne la kle nta : ke tto¯ ¯ym• la kle nta lkā tsi m[ā] /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// – – lai kne ta ṅkwsa pwā ñmtsa pa klyau ṣtso pe lai knā kṣiṃ ka rttse pa lka sce wne pe rsa¯ ¯t• ta ka rṣkñe 50 1 sa nai pre śc·ai – /// |
| a3 | /// – skī tra • śa kke¯ ¯ts• so yṣ[ai] ksa ha sta ke ñe¯ ¯m• o stmeṃ ltu sū pu dñä kte śca mā to nai ·[o] /// |
| a4 | /// tra pa¯ ¯st• wai ke ā rwe ry· – tra • ma lla ṣṣi ta rsū e ṅwa pra ti [nta] mā ñ[i]¯ ¯ś• ··ā – [to] /// |
| a5 | /// kre ntau na cci ṣa ñā¯ ¯ñmä – – ṣwai ke we skeṃ śa kke ññi • mā ce¯ ¯ts• wai ke sa pau [cc]iṃ /// |
| a6 | /// pi ntwā¯ ¯t• yne ma ne tī – – lyñe klyau ṣā re ce¯ ¯u• pū dñä kte ntse [a] kṣā re • [ña] – – sta keṃ /// |
| a7 | /// ña ha sta ke we skau sai mwä sta – – – stu tī rthi yū kaṃ tu sa [w]e skau mā – – – – ·s· – [po] yśi /// |
| a8 | /// ··e pāṃ su kū lwa stsi s·ā – – – [ks]e ly[ñ]e ñä ṣṣe ñca wai ke – – – – mo śu wa nno [ku] /// |
| b1 | /// – 4 [so] mpa stra pe ñyai śā sa nts· – – – mka lywe ne sā ṅka ka llā – – – [w]e lyñe s̝pa ktsa ms̝aṃ • /// |
| b2 | /// ña na kre ntau na : e mpreṃ tsñe¯ ¯śc• – – ·stmeṃ ṣa mā ne wai ke re ki l[ā] r[e] – – – [lya] [p]o [ts]· snai /// |
| b3 | /// stsi śca ya kne ai – – – ṅka¯ ¯ts• 50 5 kre[ṃ] tta rko yre ki ma nta nta ta rk[o] ·o [lai] [nr]e ki /// |
| b4 | /// ·mpre ntse yo lo re ki – – k[o] ynmeṃ pa lśa lla ññe ka llā s̝s̝aṃ : ce ślo ka kṣā ne ·o /// |
| b5 | /// s[a] pā s̝s̝a tte ā lyi yā m[ṣa] – ye sa ñra no po klau tke ntsa ṣe kwai ke meṃ klau tko lle 50 – – [ṣ]i /// |
| b6 | /// ṣe krau pe mpa : śau mo ksa lle ko¯ ¯mt• tso ṅkai¯ ¯k• tsa ṅko yka tau rsa ke ktse ñkā nto yta [rsu] [kau] /// |
| b7 | /// lka nma ñi¯ ¯ś• yo lai ññe meṃ [tsa] lpā wa bra hma lo ka śtā¯ ¯u• ytā ri śā la mai pi nwā tye yo ka ṣṣi po yśi /// |
| b8 | /// rko ṣ[n]e ta rko y·o cau ta [r]·[nā] ma ne [śa] nma stra mā no ma ntrā kka klyo moṃ ta rka naṃ ta rkau wtā kaṃ a knā tsa /// |
Transcription
| Xx | 4σ /// ne ; walke preścyantsa ; emp(e)lona ; akwatsana ; lkāṣṣäṃ nrainne ; läklenta : |
|---|---|
| 51c | ket toym läklenta ; lkātsi mā /// a2 /// (:) |
| 51d | (pe)laikne täṅkwsa ; pw āñmtsa päklyauṣtso ; pelaikn= ākṣiṃ ; karttse palkas ; cewne persat ; takarṣkñe 50-1 |
| 52x | sanai preśc(y)ai(ne) ; /// a3n1 /// ; (mä)skīträ • |
| Xx | śakkets soy ṣai ksa ; hastake ñem ; ostmeṃ ltu sū ; pudñäkteśca ; mā ton ai·o ; /// a4n2 /// trä päst ; waike ārwer ; y(āmṣi)trä • |
| Xx | mälläṣṣitär sū ; eṅwa pratinta ; mā ñiś ··ā – to /// a5 /// ; krentaunacci ; ṣañ āñm – – ; ṣ waike weskeṃ ; śakkeññi • |
| 53x | mā cets waikesa ; paucciṃ /// a6n3 /// ; pintwāt ynemane ; tī(rtheṃtṣ) (we)lyñe ; klyauṣāre ceu ; pūdñäktentse ; akṣāre • |
| 53d | ña(ṣṣa) (ha)stakeṃ ; /// a7n4 /// (50-3) |
| 54a | (we)ña hastake ; weskau saim wästa ; – – – s tu ; tīrthi yūkaṃ ; tusa weskau ; mā (waike) (•) |
| 54d | – ·s· – poyśi /// a8 /// ··e pāṃsukūl wastsi s·ā – – – kselyñe ñäṣṣeñca waike – – – – mo śuwan no ku /// b1 /// (50-)4 |
| 55a | sompasträ peñyai ; śāsants(e) – – (ñe)m kälywene sāṅkä källā(ṣṣäṃ) – – welyñe ; ṣpä-k tsämṣäṃ • |
| 55b | /// b2 /// ñana ; krentauna : |
| 55c | empreṃtsñeśc – – ; (o)stmeṃ ṣamāne ; waike reki ; lāre (yāmträ) ; (o)lyapots(e) ; snai /// 3σ |
| 55d | b3 /// stsiśca ; yakne ai – ; – – ṅkäts 50-5 |
| 56x | kreṃt tarkoy reki ; mantanta tarko(y) ; (y)olain reki ; /// b4n5 /// (e)mprentse ; yolo reki ; (tärkau) koynmeṃ ; pälśalläññe ; källāṣṣäṃ : |
| 56d | ce ślok akṣā-ne ; ·o /// b5n6 /// s= apāṣṣätte ; ālyi yāmṣa – ; yesäñ rano ; po klautkentsa ; ṣek waikemeṃ ; klautkolle 50(-6) |
| 57x | – ṣi /// b6n7 /// (e)ṣe ; kraupempa : |
| 57c | śaumo ks= allekomt ; tsoṅkaik tsaṅkoy ka ; taursa kektseñ ; kāntoytär su ; kau /// b7 /// (snai) ; (te)lkanma ñiś ; yolaiññemeṃ ; tsälpāwa |
| 58a | brahmalokäś tāu ; ytāri śālamai ; pinwāt yeyo ; käṣṣi poyśi ; /// b8n8 /// ; (mā) (tä)rkoṣne ; tarkoy (n)o cau ; tär(k)nāmane ; śanmästrä |
| 58b | mā no mäntrākka ; klyomoṃ tärkanaṃ ; tärkauw tākaṃ ; aknātsa(ntsa) ; /// 7σ |
Translation
| a1 | (Certainly) he sees there through long ages terrible, violent sufferings in hell. |
|---|---|
| a1+ | You, that do not have (the wish) to see these sufferings ... hear the law with love [and] with [your] whole self. |
| a2 | Look good at the one proclaiming the law, |
| a2 | evoke the belief in him. |
| a2 | [51d] |
| a2+ | At one time ... (the Buddha was in the Jetavana). |
| a3 | It was the son of the Śākyas, Hastaka by name, |
| a3 | that had gone from the house to the Buddha. |
| a3+ | Without (having understood) them ... (he evaded?) and made up a lie. |
| a4 | He denied the decisions taken [saying]: |
| a4+ | Not I such (conversations?) ... |
| a5 | ... the virtuous Śākyas, (having forgotten) themselves, spoke lies. |
| a5+ | (Should we) not, because of their lie, renounce ... |
| a6 | (All monks, however), that went on their almsround, heard the Tīrthas’ talk |
| a6 | [and] reported it to the Buddha. |
| a6+ | He summoned Hastaka ... [53d] |
| a7 | Hastaka said: |
| a7 | I say [so], o shelter and refuge, |
| a7 | the Tīrthas shall (not) prevail in this matter. |
| a7 | Therefore I do not tell (a lie). |
| a7 | The Omniscient (reprimanded) ... |
| a7+ | ... the ragged clothes ... |
| a8 | the one desiring extinction (my not tell) a lie. |
| a8+ | For he will eat carrion (?) ... |
| b1 | [54d] |
| b1 | He takes the splendor from the teaching, |
| b1 | (he does not) lead the community to fame, |
| b1 | and increases even more the speaking (of blame) ... |
| b1+ | the (monkish) virtues. |
| b2 | If the monk (having gone) from the house for the sake of the truth loves the lying word, much (and) without (measure) ... |
| b2+ | ... to be, he gives others the way. |
| b3 | [55d] |
| b3 | [A] good word one shall utter, |
| b3 | never shall an evil word be uttered ... |
| b3+ | ... [is] true, an evil word, once from the mouth (released), brings torture. |
| b4 | This strophe he proclaimed to him ... |
| b4+ | ... (Therefore) the one who has not practiced [moral conduct] must practice it. |
| b5 | You also must in every manner turn always from the lie. |
| b5 | [56d] ... |
| b5+ | ... together with the group. |
| b6 | May another man rise early, |
| b6 | may he rub [his] body with ashes, |
| b6+ | (may he) day (and night) ... |
| b7 | ... (without) sacrifice I went over from evil [57c] |
| b7 | [and] led the way to the Brahma-world. |
| b7 | On the almsround the master went, the Omniscient ... [57d] ... |
| b7+ | ... (And an evil word, even when released), one shall (not) utter again, |
| b8 | the one releasing [it] is bound [thereby], |
| b8 | since the noble ones do not utter it thus [in the thought:] |
| b8 | it will be released by fools ... |
Other
| a1 | (Bestimmt) sieht er dort durch lange Zeiten schreckliche, heftige Leiden in der Hölle. (Schmidt 1974: 194, fn. 1) |
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| a2 | Höret das Gesetz mit Liebe [und] mit dem ganzen Selbst! Den das Gesetz Vortragenden sehet gut an [rufet] Glauben an ihn hervor! (Schmidt 1974: 331) |
| a4 | ... (wich er?) aus [und] machte sich eine Lüge zurecht. Er leugnete die gefassten Be-/Entschlüsse ab [mit den Worten]: "Nicht ich solche (Gespräche?) ..." (Schmidt 1974: 425, 442) |
| b6 | Mag ein anderer Mensch täglich schon früh aufstehen, mag er [sich] mit Asche den Körper abreiben, ... (Schmidt 1974: 326) |
| b7 | ... (ohne) Opfer wurde ich von dem Übel erlöst [und] führte mich(?) [ging(?)] den Weg zur Brahmawelt. (Schmidt 1974: 300) |
| b8 | It will have been uttered by fools. (cf : ii, 32) (Peyrot 2013b: 716) |
| b8 | (Und) [ein böses Wort], auch wenn [es] entlassen wurde, soll man (nicht) wieder von sich geben; der es Entlassende wird [dadurch] gebunden, denn die Edlen geben [es] nicht so von sich [in dem Gedanken]: "Es wird von Toren entlassen sein ...". (Schmidt 1974: 212) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Uv 8.8-8.9 |
Philological commentary
| Includes strophes 51b-58b of the Vācāvarga (VIII) in a 4x25 syllable-metre (rhythm: 5/5/8/7). In b3-4 and b8, Uv 8.8-8.9 are translated. | |
| n1 | There is one syllable missing in the metre after ñem. |
| n2 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 48 fn. 3. |
| n3 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 48 fn. 4 and 5. |
| n4 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 48 fn. 6 and 7. |
| n5 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 48 fn. 10. |
| n6 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 49 fn. 1. |
| n7 | The reading ks=allekomt stands for ksa allek komt according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 49 fn. 1. |
| n8 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 49 fn. 6. |
Remarks
| The glass cover of the manuscript is broken and thus no picture is available for now. It is a larger remnant of a leaf of manuscript D. The left side to the string hole and the bottom of the right side are missing (about 10 syllables each). Writing partly attrited. |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Tamai 2011 | C3 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1949: I,33-34; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 48-49 notes 174-176
Translations
Carling 2000: a1 (142, 287), a2 a3 (290), a3 (234); Hackstein 1995: a2 (47), a4 (316), a7 (99), b1 (137), b4 (111); Krause 1952: a2 (47); Malzahn 2012b: a3 (159); Meunier 2013: a4 (135), b2 (139), b7 (176); Peyrot 2013b: b8 (716); Schmidt 1974: a1 (194 n.1), a1 (194, fn. 1), a2 (331), a4 (425, 442), b6 (326), b7 (300), b8 (212); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 30-32); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a7 (174), b5 (175), b7 (176); Thomas 1952: b5 (21); Thomas 1957: a2 a3 (28), a3 (31); Thomas 1958: a7 (306), b3 (294); Thomas 1967a: a3 (72); Thomas 1969c: b6 (205); Thomas 1972: a1 (454); Thomas 1981: a2 (489), b3 (495), b5 (492); Thomas 1983: a6 (14), b7 (15), b7 (32)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktionen der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Malzahn, Melanie. 2012b. “Position matters: The placement of clitics in metrical texts of Tocharian B.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 153–62.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1949. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1958. “Zum Gebrauch des prohibitiven mar bzw. mā im Tocharischen.” Central Asiatic Journal 3: 289–308.
Thomas, Werner. 1967a. “Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen.” Indogermanische Forschungen 72: 58–78.
Thomas, Werner. 1969c. “Zu den Ausdrücken für Tag und Nacht im Tocharischen.” Central Asiatic Journal 13: 199–206.
Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1981. “Indogermanisches in der Syntax des Tocharischen: Zum Ausdruck eines Gebotes und Verbotes.” In Festschrift der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 481–97.
Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
