THT 1115
| Known as: | THT 1115; KVāc 24 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés (collaborator). "THT 1115". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht1115 (accessed 09 Sep. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés (collaborator) |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | Skt.; TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavācanā |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Vinaya |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | THT 1102-1125 |
| Following fragment: | THT 1116 |
| Material: | ink on wood tablet |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 5.6 × 29 cm |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | ra no a lo ṅkna a nta rā yä nta [o] /// /// ·[s]· (–) ·[ñ]· [k]· kn· kly[au] ṣa lle : ma kte pā ta¯ ¯r mā tra |
|---|---|
| a2 | a ra ha nte kā wä lye sā¯ ¯ṅk w[ī] [p]· k· ·[y]· – ·[y]ñ· – – – – lsko pa ñä kte ntse ya sa¯ ¯r lyu ca lyñe • a ṅkaiṃ pi |
| a3 | lko e ra lyñe sa wa rñai ce no śau mo e ts[u] wai c[e] n· ki sa sklo ka tse tā kaṃ tu pre kṣa lle • ce te meṃ ma nte ṣa |
| a4 | mā neṃ a śi yai meṃ ka ttā keṃ nmeṃ wa¯ ¯t klyau¯ ¯s̝t te ta m[ts]a ke a nta ra¯ ¯yä ma ske tra : tu po mā e ṅka sta¯ ¯r : te to¯ ¯t |
| a5 | pa ñä kte po yśi ññe ai śa mñe sa a nta rā yä n[t]a ly[ā] tu k[c]i yā t[k]a pa rktsi te kci pre ku wa • te me nno |
| b1 | ksa mā ṣe ycä snai sklo kptā ka • snai a nta ra¯ ¯yä ne¯ ¯stä • a sta re bhā j·· sta[¯] [¯]rc • a ṣāṃ ne¯ ¯st prā ti mo ks̝a ṣṣe pi śu |
| b2 | ke ntse śmo ñña ne ssi • a ṣāṃ ne¯ ¯st po yśi pa ña kte ntse • pe lai kne ṣṣe pi ca kkra vā rtti lā nte so yne ssi • ce te te |
| b3 | e pi ṅte pai yne wi nā ṣṣa sta wa ssi pā trai a ti ṣ·i [t]ya ma ṣa tai • u pā dhyā yeṃ ya ṣṣā tai ta mā¯ ¯wk te |
| b4 | wa sa tpā ttā kaṃ¯ ¯ñcä wa saṃ tpā ta ś[k]au [k]e p·· – – – – – – ·[ta] na ṅkeṃ tu we ñau ce sa wa sa tp[ā] ttā kaṃ¯ ¯ñcä • || |
| b5 | śṛ ṇo tu bha da nta saṃ gha ḥ a yaṃ /// /// k(·)ī saṃ ghā du pa daṃ yā ca [t]e [ya] śa syo |
(continues on THT 1116)
Transcription
| a1 | rano aloṅkna antarāyänta o /// /// ·s· – ·ñ·k·kn· klyauṣalle : mäkte pātär māträ |
|---|---|
| a2 | arahante kāwälye sāṅk wī p(a)k(e) (y)y(amal)yñ(e) (mamāntau) (pä)lsko pañäktentse yasar lyucalyñe • aṅkaiṃ pi- |
| a3 | -n6lko erälyñesa warñai ce no śaumo etsuwai ce n(ā)kisa sklokatse tākaṃ tu prekṣalle • ce temeṃ mante ṣa- |
| a4 | -n7n8māneṃ aśiyaimeṃ kattākeṃnmeṃ wat klyauṣt te tam tsa ke antar{a→ā}y mäsketrä : tu po mā eṅkastar : te tot |
| a5 | pañäkte poyśiññe aiśamñesa antarāyänta lyā{ka} tu-k ci yātka parktsi te-k ci prekuwa • temen no |
| b1 | ksa mā ṣey-cä snai sklok ptāka • snai antar{a→ā}y nest • astare bhāj(aṃ) star-c • aṣāṃ nest prātimokṣäṣṣepi śu- |
| b2 | -n14n15kentse śmoñña nessi • aṣāṃ nest poyśi pañaktentse • pelaikneṣṣepi cakkravārtti lānte soy nessi • ce te te |
| b3 | epiṅte paiyne wināṣṣasta wassi pātrai atiṣ(ṭh)it yamaṣatai • upādhyāyeṃ yaṣṣātai ta{ne} māwk te |
| b4 | wasatpāt tākaṃñ-c wasaṃtpātäś kauke p·· – – – – – – ·tä naṅkeṃ tu weñau cesa wasatpāt tākaṃñ-c • ॥ |
| b5 |
| śṛṇotu bhadanta saṃghaḥ ayaṃ /// /// (upasaṃpatpre)k(ṣ)ī saṃghād upadaṃ yācate yaśasyo- | |
| -(-pādhyāyena) |
(continues on THT 1116)
Translation
| a1+ | ([On] offences(?)) such as [1.] patricide [pitṛvadha], [2.] matricide [mātṛvadha], [3.] killing of the Arhat [arhadvadha], [4.] dividing the community [saṃghabheda], [5.] malicious shedding of the blood of a Buddha [tathagataduṣṭacittarudhirotpāda], [6.] the causing of heretic views, and so on, (the community(?)) shall (also) be heard. |
|---|---|
| a3 | Of whatever reproach against this person, however, he [i.e. the instructor], is doubtful, this shall be asked. |
| a3+ | Whatever from now on you hear from a monk, a nun or a householder: |
| a4 | This [or] that now(?) is an obstacle!, all this do not regard! |
| a4+ | This, so far, the Buddha due to [his] omniscience, saw as obstacles. |
| a5 | This then he commanded you be asked, [and] this now I have asked you. |
| a5+ | From this, however, nothing was with you. |
| b1 | [Therefore] be without doubt! You are without obstacle. Your vessel is clean. |
| b1+ | You are worthy to be a place of the prātimokṣa-taste. |
| b2 | You are worthy to be a son of the Omniscient, the Buddha, the law-king ruling the world. |
| b2+ | Since in the meantime you have bowed at the feet [of the exalted one], seized garb [and] eating bowl [and] have asked for a teacher, [and since] ordination will not be yours ([if] obstacles hinder(?)) the proposition(?) of ordination, I will now speak that, through which ordination will be yours: |
| b5 | [In Skt.]: Let the venerable community hear! This (Yaśakāma, Yaśa’s [= abbrev. of Vimalayaśa] [candidate] wishing to be ordained) asks the community to ordain [him] with Yaśa |
(continues on THT 1116)
Other
| a3 | If, however, he has doubts about this person with respect to this reproach, this is to be investigated [lit. questioned]. (cf 56, 92–93) (Peyrot 2013b: 702) |
|---|---|
| b3+ | You will not have the ordination (unless there are no objections against your) application [invitation] to the ordination. I will now say that through which you will have the ordination. (cf 57, 94) (Peyrot 2013b: 660) |
Commentary
Philological commentary
| The supplementation and commentaries follow Schmidt 1986: 22, 140-141. | |
| n3 | The gap contains about 9 akṣaras. |
| n4 | These lines contain a list of the five capital sins (TB anantārśänta = Skt. ānantaryāṇi), to wit pātär māträ arahante kāwäly(ñ)e (= Skt. pitṛvadha, mātṛvadha and arhadvana), sāṅk wi-p(ā)k(e yama)lyñ(e) (= Skt. saṃghabheda) and (mamāntau-pä)lsko pañäktente yasar lyucalyñe (= Skt. tathāgataduṣṭacittarudhirotpāda), as well as a sixth, heresy (TB ankaiṃpilko erälñe = Skt. mithyādṛṣṭi). On the pañcānantaryāṇi cf. Dharmasaṃgraha 60; Mvy., 2324-2328, Rosen 1959: 236, and Härtel 1956: 79 (Nr. 26-30). |
| n21 | The gap contains about 11 akṣaras. |
| n22 | cf. #ERROR#ref a4 - b1 and commentary. |
Remarks
| According to Schmidt 1986: iv-v this ms. comes either from Qizil or from Tumšuq. | |
| This leaf is preserved in its full width and consists of 6 pieces. The damage is similar to #ERROR#ref. To the right of the string hole lines 1-2 are missing over s atretch of 10 and 5 cm respectively. | |
| The original ms. was 29 cm wide and 5.6 cm high, with the string hole 6.5 cm from the left margin. It was written by at least three hands: scribe 1, a beautiful, delicate script, from leaf 1 to 11 a1; scribe 2, distinguished by a number of orthographical idiosyncrasies/errors, from leaf 11 a1 to and including 19; scribe 3 from leaf 20 to end. The final leaves A and B #ERROR#ref and #ERROR#ref may have been written either by scribe 2 or a fourth hand. Cf. Schmidt 1986: v, 2, 5 | |
| This leaf is in hand 3. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | aloṅkna for alloṅkna. |
|---|---|
| n2 | The last sign before the gap (above: [o]) could also be read as [tu]. The second readable sign after the gap (above: ·ñ·) could also be read as ·r·, ·lä or ā, and the following k· (as above) could also be a r· or a ·u. |
| n5 | arahante for arhānte; kāwälye for kāwälñe; wī for wi; yyamalyñe for yamalñe. |
| n6 | kāwälye sic! and should be corrected to kāwälyñe. The sequence [·y·] – [·y]ñ· is most likely to be supplemented to yyamalyñe (sic!). |
| n7 | kattākeṃnmeṃ for kattākeṃmeṃ; tam for tamp. |
| n8 | Separating the sequence tetamtsake into te tam tsa ke is a likely option. antaray sic! for antarāy. |
| n9 | mistaken lyā for lyāka. |
| n10 | lyā should be corrected to lyāka. |
| n11 | prekuwa: 1stPt.III Act. of prek- ‘ask’. (= pärk-, cf. Malzahn 2010). |
| n12 | nessi for nestsi. |
| n13 | antaray sic! for antarāy. |
| n14 | śmoñña for ścmoñña; nessi for nestsi; pañaktentse for pañäktentse; cakkravārtti for cakravārtti. |
| n15 | pañaktentse should be corrected to pañäktentse. The following dot is misplaced and can be ignored. |
| n16 | epiṅte for epiṅkte; paiyne for paine; ta for tane. |
| n17 | atiṣṭhit sic! for adhiṣṭhit. The ta at the end of this line may be an error for tane. |
| n18 | wasatpāt for wasaṃtpāt; tākaṃñc for tākañ-c; cesa for kucesa. |
| n19 | The sequence [·ta] after the gap may also be read as [·ñ·]; the following naṅkeṃ could also be read as taṅkeṃ. If so, this is a 3rd Pl.Sub.Act. that has been transferred to thematic inflection. On the inflection of the athematic Sub. class I in TB cf. Schmidt 1985: 429ff. |
| n20 | upadaṃ must be corrected to upasaṃpadaṃ. |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 1115; TITUS: THT 1115
Edition
Tamai 2014: 382-383; Tamai 2007a: №1115; Schmidt 1986: 22, 56-57
Translations
Meunier 2013: b3 (155); Peyrot 2013b: a3 (702), b3 b4 (660); Schmidt 1986: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (92-94); Tamai 2014: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (382-383)
Bibliography
Härtel, Herbert. 1956. Karmavācanā. Formulare für den Gebrauch im buddhistischen Gemeindeleben aus ostturkestanischen Sanskrit-Handschriften. Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden, III. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Malzahn, Melanie. 2010. The Tocharian verbal system. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Rosen, Valentina. 1959. Der Vinayavibhaṅga zum Bikṣuprātimokṣa der Sarvāstivādins. Sanskritfragmente nebst einer Analyse der chinesischen Übersetzung. Vol. II. Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1985. “Beiträge zur Kenntnis der tocharischen Verbalmorphologie.” In Grammatische Kategorien, Funktion und Geschichte. Akten der VII. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, Berlin, 20.–25. Februar 1983, edited by Bernfried Schlerath and Veronica Rittner, 424–34. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1986. “Fragmente eines buddhistischen Ordinationsrituals in westtocharischer Sprache. Aus der Schule der Sarvāstivādins. Text, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen und Indizes.” Habilitation.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2007a. “A preliminary edition of unpublished texts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” Thesaurus indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan collection. 2007. http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/tht.htm.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2014. “The Tocharian Karmavācanā.” Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology (ARIRIAB) at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013 17: 365–94.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
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