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THT 284

Known as:THT 284; B 284; Bleistiftnummer 2515
Cite this page as:Adrian Musitz (translation). "THT 284". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht284 (accessed 13 Feb. 2025).

Edition

Editor:Adrian Musitz (translation)

Provenience

Main find spot:Kizil Ming-öy
Expedition code:T III MQ 73.2
Collection:Berlin Turfan Collection

Language and Script

Language:TB
Linguistic stage:archaic
Script:classical

Text contents

Text genre:Literary
Text subgenre:Kāvya
Verse/Prose:verse
Meter:543 (4x)

Object

Manuscript:THT 284-285
Material: ink on paper
Form:Poṭhī
Number of lines:7

Images

Transliteration

a1m[a] ka mi yä strä : su cp[i] la kl· ste po la kle nta s̝a rka stra : – – – wno lme¯ ¯ts kuse ra tsa ksa śai ṣṣe ne :
a2cme lā tss̝ä rmtsa po ma ske ta rtne snai sklo ka 2 te te mo s̝a tspo ke styo kai ṣṣe la kle ste : cme ta rka ksa
a3krui ne mce kpo staṃ sru ke tra : te ki ktsai tsa ññe cme ltse s̝a rmtsa ma ske tra : ke ktse ñpre ma ne
a4tau la kle nta wä [r]pnā tra 3 la reṃ nmeṃ tsre lle a nai wa cce mpa śmä lyñe : ri to ṣwä ndre ntse mā ka ll[a]
a5lle po stä nnai : yai nmwa wä nta rwā ntsä ne mce kpo staṃ nke lle ste : toṃ la kle nta tne cme la ntss̝a rmtsa ma ske ntra
a64 me ntsi ku [ka] s̝a lyñe pa lsko ntse ra tri ka lyñe : a mi śka ññe s̝pa pa lwā lle śle ///
b1wä rññai tne pa lsko ṣṣā na la kle nta : [c]m· ltse s̝a rmtsa po wä rpa na ntra o no lym[ī] 5 [p]· [kw]· ///
b2kai ne śa nmä ṣlye : a psā lśa ka ttai s̝a pa y[ṣ]e sa pyā ka lyñe : a ścä ka rsta lyñe s̝a [neṃ] ///
b3te sa wä rñai no ke ktse ñṣā na la kle nta 6 nrai ne la kle nta pre te nne śle lwā sā ne : ñä kte tsśa mna ntsa
b4kuse ra tsa ksa śai ṣṣe ne : ka tkau¯ ¯u e k[ma] tte yne śa ññi kuse la kle nta : cme la tss̝a rmtsa po wä rpa
b5na ntra o no lmī 7 ke ktse ñmā ta koṃ o no lme ntso śai ṣṣe ne : ma nta wä rpo ntra ke ktse ñṣa na
b6la kle nta : pa lsko mā tā ko¯ ¯ī pa lsko ṣṣa na la kle nta : ce kwä rñai ra no ma nta ta koṃ śai ṣṣe ne 8 tu sa
b7wña wā ñä¯ ¯ś po la kle ntswi tsa kai : cä me¯ ¯l wä tkā¯ ¯l ste mä nta [n]e saṃ a le ksa : pka rso mai ma ñci pi kā¯ ¯t

Transcription

2a a1 maka ; miyästrä :
2bsu cpi läkl(e) ste ; po läklenta ; ṣärkästrä :
2c– – – wnolmets ; kuse ra tsa ksa ; śaiṣṣene :
2da2 cmelāts ṣärmtsa po ; mäsketär tne ; snai sklokä 2
3atetemoṣäts po ; kest yokaiṣṣe ; läkle ste :
3bcmetär ka ksa a3 krui ; nemcek postäṃ ; sruketrä :
3cteki ktsaitsäññe ; cmeltse ṣärmtsa ; mäsketrä :
3dkektseñ premane ; a4 tau läklenta ; wärpnāträ 3
4alareṃnmeṃ tsrelle ; anaiwacce{ṃ}mpa ; śmälyñe :
4britoṣ wändrentse ; källaa5lle ; postän nai :
4cyainmwa wäntarwāntsä ; nemcek postäṃ ; nkelle ste :
4dtoṃ läklenta tne ; cmelants ṣärmtsa ; mäskenträ a6 4
5amentsi kukäṣälyñe ; pälskontse ra ; trikalyñe :
5bamiśkäññe ṣpä ; pälwālle śle ; ///
5c b1 wärññai tne ; pälskoṣṣāna ; läklenta :
5dcm(e)ltse ṣärmtsa po ; wärpänanträ ; onolymī 5
6a kw· /// b2 kaine ; śänmäṣlye :
6bapsāl śakattai ; ṣäp ay ṣesa ; pyākälyñe :
6caścä kärstalyñe ; ṣäneṃ ///
6db3 tesa wärñai no ; kektseñṣāna ; läklenta 6
7anraine läklenta ; pretenne śle ; lwāsāne :
7bñäktets śamnantsä ; b4 kuse ra tsa ; ksa śaiṣṣene :
7ckätkauu ekmätte ; yneśäññi kuse ; läklenta :
7dcmelats ṣärmtsa po ; wärpä b5 nanträ ; onolmī 7
8akektseñn1 takoṃ ; onolmentso ; śaiṣṣene :
8bmänta wärponträ ; kektseñṣana ; b6 läklenta :
8cpälsko tākoī ; pälskoṣṣana ; läklenta :
8dce-k wärñai rano ; mänta takoṃ ; śaiṣṣene 8
9atusa b7 wñawā ñäś ; po läklen{ta}ts ; witsäkai :
9bcämel wätkāl ste ; mänta nesäṃ ; aleksa :
9cpkärso maimäñci ; pikāt

Translation

a1... is being hurt very much. This is his suffering. It surpasses all sufferings. Whoever of the beings is in the world, he is doubtlessly here wholly because of the births.
a2For all the ones having been born, there is the suffering of hunger and thirst.
a2+If someone is born, he surely dies afterwards.
a3Disease and old age are because of birth.
a3+One who carries the body feels sufferings.
a4There is to be separation from loved ones. (There will be) coming together with unpleasant one.
a4+He will in the end not obtain the thing he desires.
a5Surely, in the end he will lose the things he has obtained.n2
a5+The sufferings here are because of the births.
a6Sorrow, exhaustion, confusion of the mind and despondency, with lamenting... etc., sufferings of the mind here the beings feel wholly because of birth.
b1+... to be bound... and hitting sword and club together with bone, decapitation... etc. are the sufferings of the body.
b3The sufferings in hell among the pretas together with the animals, whichever (sufferings) belong to gods and men in the world, the sufferings which have passed, are to come and are present, the beings suffer them wholly because of birth.
b5If the beings did not have bodies in the world, they would never suffer the sufferings of the body.
b6If there was no mind, the sufferings of the mind would never exist in the world, not even a little bit.
b6+Thus, I said (of) the root of all sufferings:
b7It is surely birth. It is not anything else. Know, oh clever ones, drive away...

Other

a1... wird sehr geschädigt. Das ist sein Leid; es übertrifft alle Leiden. (Schmidt 1974: 511)
a2+If someone is hardly even born, certainly he dies afterwards. (Peyrot 2013b: 381)
a2+Ist einer kaum geboren, [so] stirbt er gewiss späterhin. (Schmidt 1974: 115)
a4+Having to be separated from the dear; reunion with the unpleasant; eventually not being able to obtain a thing [long] cherished; [the fact that] things achieved are certainly to perish afterwards—these sorrows are here because of the [re]births. (Peyrot 2013b: 355)
b5Wären die Körper nicht für die Menschen in der Welt... (Schmidt 1974: 211, fn. 6)
b5+If the beings in the world had no bodies, they would not undergo bodily pains at all. If there were no mind, pains of the mind would not be there at all in the world either. (Peyrot 2013b: 329)
b5+Hätten die Menschen in der Welt keine Körper, [so] würden sie gar keine körperlichen Leiden erdulden. (Schmidt 1974: 201)

Commentary

Philological commentary

n1It is unclear why kektseñ is in the oblique singular.
n2It is unclear why wändrentse and wänarwäntsä are in the genitive. Maybe the gerundives are actually used as nouns here.

Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications

Peyrot 2008A1
Tamai 2011C1
Tamai 2011C14

References

Online access

IDP: THT 284; TITUS: THT 284

Edition

Sieg and Siegling 1953: 175-176

Translations

Couvreur 1954c: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 (110-110); Krause 1952: a5 (54); Peyrot 2013b: a2 a3 (381), a4 a5 a6 (355), b5 b6 (329); Schmidt 1974: a1 (511), a2 a3 (115), b5 (211 n.6), b5 (211, fn. 6), b5 b6 (201); Thomas 1952: a4 (55), a5 (59), a6 (59), b2 (59), b5 (43); Thomas 1967c: a6 (178); Thomas 1970a: b5 b6 (461), b6 b7 (461); Thomas 1972: a6 (469); Thomas 1979b: a1 a2 (33), a5 (28), b1 (28); Thomas 1979d: a6 (158), b3 b4 (157); Thomas 1997: a1 a2 (109), b1 (110)

Bibliography

Couvreur 1954c

Couvreur, Walter. 1954c. “Koetsjische literaire fragmenten uit de Berlijnse verzameling (naar aanleiding van Sieg & Siegling’s Tocharische Sprachreste).” Handelingen VIII der Zuidnederlandse Maatschappij voor Taal- en Letterkunde en Geschiedenis, 97–117.

IDP

“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.

Krause 1952

Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.

Peyrot 2008

Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.

Peyrot 2013b

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Schmidt 1974

Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.

Sieg and Siegling 1953

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Tamai 2011

Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.

Thomas 1952

Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.

Thomas 1967c

Thomas, Werner. 1967c. “Zu wortverbindendem toch. A śkaṃ/ B ṣpä.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 81: 161–80.

Thomas 1970a

Thomas, Werner. 1970a. “Zu einigen Besonderheiten der tocharischen Syntax.” Orbis 19: 452–72.

Thomas 1972

Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.

Thomas 1979b

Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.

Thomas 1979d

Thomas, Werner. 1979d. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.

Thomas 1997

Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.

TITUS

Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.