A 255
| Known as: | A 255; THT 888 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling; Georges-Jean Pinault; Hannes A. Fellner; Bernhard Koller; Adrian Musitz (collaborator). "A 255". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a255 (accessed 27 Jul. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling; Georges-Jean Pinault; Hannes A. Fellner; Bernhard Koller; Adrian Musitz (collaborator) |
| Date of online publication: | 2016-09-20 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 79.03 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | late |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka |
| Passage: | Act 27 |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Drama |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | M-β |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Images from titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de by courtesy of the Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS).
Transliteration
| a1 | /// tṣ· ā ṣā ni¯ ¯k tmāṃ ñu wä¯ ¯lts /// /// klā pu tti śpa – nā¯ ¯s wl· sa¯ ¯nt wl· ṣā¯ ¯t • tmāṃ s̝a kwä¯ ¯lts pu klā |
|---|---|
| a2 | – – – – – – – – – ne yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || s̝pa tmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi – – – kh· – – – ka tṣ· s̝sa mpe nu kā ru ṇi¯ ¯k tmāṃ s̝a kwä¯ ¯lts pu klyi pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā¯ ¯t śtwa rtmāṃ pu |
| a3 | – – – – – ·ā· wle¯ ¯s wle ṣā¯ ¯t tmāṃ śtwa rwä¯ ¯lts pu klā śo¯ ¯l śkā lya lyi pu ra¯ ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || s̝a¯ ¯k tmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi śo laṃ vi śva bhū ño mā ptā ñka tṣe s̝sa mpe |
| a4 | – – – – – – tmāṃ tri wä¯ ○ ¯lts pu klyi pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā¯ ¯t tri tmāṃ pa ñwä¯ ¯lts pu klā pu tti śpa rṣi nāṃ wle¯ ¯s wle ṣā¯ ¯t tmāṃ we wä¯ ¯lts pu klā śo¯ ¯l lya |
| a5 | – – – ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ ○ ka¯ ¯lk || śtwa rtmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi śo laṃ kra ka su ndi ño mā ptā ñka tṣe s̝sa mpe nu kā su ka lko tmāṃ pu klyi pu tti śpa raṃ ka |
| a6 | – – – tmāṃ we wä¯ ¯lts pu klā pu tti śpa raṃ wle ṣā¯ ¯t • o ka twä¯ ¯lts pu klā śo¯ ¯l lya lyi pu ra¯ ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || tri tmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi śo laṃ ka na ka mu ni ño |
| a7 | – – – – ṣe s̝sa mpe nu pu¯ ¯k knāṃ nmāṃ o ka twä¯ ¯lts pu klyi pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā¯ ¯t • tmāṃ s̝a kwä¯ ¯lts pu klā pu tti ṣpa raṃ wle ṣā¯ ¯t • s̝a kwä¯ ¯lts pu klā śo¯ ¯l lya lyi pu ra |
| a8 | – – – – yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || we tmāṃ pu klā wra sa śśi śo laṃ kā śya pño mā ptā ñka¯ ¯t ṣe s̝sa mpe nu ā ṣā ni¯ ¯k s̝a kwa¯ ¯lts «pu» «klyi» pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā¯ ¯t • tmāṃ pu klā pu tti śpa raṃ wle ·ā |
| b1 | – – – – – klā śo¯ ¯l lya lyi pu ra¯ ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || ka¯ ¯nt wi ki pu klā wra sa śśi śo laṃ śā kya mu ni ño mā pta ñka tṣe s̝sa mpe nu kā ru ṇi kta ryā kpa ñ[pi] pu· ly· |
| b2 | – – – – ka lpā¯ ¯t • śtwa rā kpa ñpi pu klā pu tti śpa raṃ wle ṣā¯ ¯t • śtwa rā¯ ¯k pu klā śo¯ ¯l lya lyi pu ra¯ ¯s̝ ksa lu ne yaṃ ka¯ ¯lk || tu pe nu tā pa¯ ¯rk o ka ttmāṃ pu klā wra |
| b3 | – – – l· tmāṃ ñu wä¯ ¯lts pu klyi pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā te • śtwa rtmāṃ pa ñwä¯ ¯lts pu klā ci ku cne pu tti śpa rṣi nā¯ ¯s wle sa¯ ¯nt wle ṣtā¯ ¯r || pa ñcmaṃ || pu tti śpa raṃ ka lpā te spā rtwṣā |
| b4 | ¯ – – – [¯nt] wā kma tsaṃ ma ○ rka mpa lṣiṃ : ma hā sa mā¯ ¯cä ra ddhi yu¯ ¯gä yu ga rā ja a bhi ṣe¯ ¯k ka rma plo ti : yā ma¯ ¯s̝t de vā va ta raṃ pu tti śpa rpṣā¯ ¯s |
| b5 | – – – – – wā wle ṣu ○ ra¯ ¯s̝ : tmāṃ s̝a kwä¯ ¯lts puku¯ ¯l śo lu ne le kta rko ra ṣṣa kka tse kyä lci ne rvā naṃ : 1 || tma¯ ¯s̝ me tra¯ ¯k ptā ñka tpa ltsa ṅkā |
| b6 | ¯ – – – – – – ¯k ksa lu ne yaṃ ka lka¯ ¯m ke lo ta kka lpnā ta rmā kwra sa śśi ns̝a ṣśra lu ne yā ā ri¯ ¯ñcä wā ka¯ ¯s̝ o ma¯ ¯l ysā rṣu ṅka cka lka¯ ¯s̝ kuya lmā na ṣtre ma ñsā |
| b7 | – – – – – – – – ·pa lko¯ ¯nt ma rka mpa¯ ¯l ā kṣi ññi¯ ¯m || – – – – – – – l(·)i na – ske ya sta rko ra¯ ¯s̝ tre ma ñsā śo lu ne a dhi ṣti tā e tsa s̝ta¯ ¯r || de va |
| b8 | /// ka lymeṃ tskaṃ sa ntra swi¯ ¯ñcä /// /// m·i śu rā m·i ñi kā l·¯ ¯ṅk klyo s̝ta rbhu tā śśi mu rkcnā ya |
Transcription
| 1a | puttiśparäṃ ; kälpāte ; spārtwṣāb4(ṣt) (wärkä)nt ; wākmatsäṃ ; märkampalṣiṃ : |
|---|---|
| 1b | mahāsamāc ; räddhiyug ; yugarāja-;abhiṣek ; karmaploti : |
| 1c | yāmäṣt devā;vataraṃ ; puttiśpar«p/ṣ»ṣās ; b5 (puk) (wlesant) ; wāwleṣuräṣ : |
| 1d | tmāṃ-ṣäk-wälts-pukul ; śolune ; lek tärkoräṣ ; ṣakk atsek ; yäl ci nervānaṃ : 1 ॥ |
| 1a | tmäṣ metrak ptāñkät pältsäṅkāb6(ṣ) (kupre) (ne) (näṣ) (ārśo-)k ksaluneyaṃ kalkam ke lotäk kälpnātär māk wrasaśśi nṣäṣ śraluneyā āriñc wākaṣ omäl ysār ṣuṅkac kalkaṣ kuyal mā näṣ tre mañsā b7 (śolṣinäs) (skeyas) (tärkoräṣ) pälkont märkampal ākṣiññim ॥ (tmäṣ) (metrak) (ptāñkät) (śo)l(ṣ)inä(s) skeyas tärkoräṣ tre mañsā śolune adhiṣtitā etsäṣtär ॥ devab8(dattenaṃ) (॥) (tām) (praṣtaṃ) (tkaṃ) (meṣ) ; kälymeṃ tskäṃsanträ ; swiñc 9σ |
| 1b | (nuseñc) (ku)m(c)i ; śurām(ṣ)iñi ; kāl(ta)ṅk klyoṣtär ; bhutāśśi ; murkcnā ya (kṣāśśi) ; 3σ |
Translation
| a1 | (At a time when beings reached 80,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Vipaśyin. The good-natured venerable one obtained Buddhahood at the age of 19,000 years. For 45,000 years) he fulfilled the tasks of Buddhahood. |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Having forfeited 16,000 years of life, he went into extinction. |
| a2 | At the time when beings reached 70,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Śikhin. This one, too, the compassionate, obtained Buddhahood at the age 16,000 years. |
| a2+ | For 40,000 years he fulfilled the task of Buddhahood. |
| a3 | Having forfeited 14,000 years of life, he went into extinction. At the time when the beings reached 60,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Viśvabhū. |
| a3+ | This one, too, (the master of masters,) obtained Buddhahood at the age of 13,000. |
| a4 | For 35,000 years, he fulfilled the task of Buddhahood. |
| a4+ | Having forfeited 12,000 years of life, he went into extinction. |
| a5 | At the time when the beings reached 40,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Krakasundi. |
| a5+ | This one, too, the well-arrived one [su-gata], obtained Buddhahood at the age of 10,000. |
| a6 | For 22,000 years he exercised Buddhahood. Having forfeited 8,000 years of life, he went into extinction. |
| a6+ | At the time when beings reached 30,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Kanakamuni. |
| a7 | This one, too, the omniscient, obtained Buddhahood at 8,000 years of age. For 16,000 years, he exercised Buddhahood. |
| a7+ | Having forfeited 6,000 years of life, he went into extinction. |
| a8 | At the time when beings reached 20,000 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Kāśyapa. This one, too, the venerable, obtained Buddhahood at the age of 6,000 years. |
| a8+ | For 10,000 years he exercised Buddhahood. |
| b1 | Having forfeited 4,000 years of life, he went into extinction. At the time when the beings reached 120 years of age, there was the Buddha-god by the name of Śākyamuni. |
| b1+ | This one, too, the compassionate, obtained Buddhahood at the age of 35 years. |
| b2 | For 45 years he exercised Buddhahood. Having forfeited 40 years of life, he went into extinction. |
| b2+ | Now, at an age where the beings reach 80.000 years of age, you also obtained Buddhahood at the age of 19.000 years. |
| b3 | >You have [at your disposal] 45.000 years in which to exercise Buddhahood. || In (the) Pañcama (tune): || You obtained Buddhahood. |
| b3+ | You let turn the excellent Wheel of the Law. |
| b4 | You have performed the Mahāsamāja-(sūtra), the age of abundance, the consecration as Yugarāja and the thread of Karman and the descent from heaven. |
| b4+ | After having exercised all these tasks of Buddhahood, having dismissed 16.000 years of life, you definitely have to go to nirvāṇa. |
| b5 | 1. |
| b5+ | Thereupon the Buddha-god Maitreya reflected [upon this matter.] |
| b6 | "If I go to extinction today, by whom will be obtained the turning away [from the Saṃsāra]? The heart of many beings will break apart because of the separation from me, hot blood will go to their throat. |
| b6+ | Why should I not, for three months, teach the Law that sees [the causes of the world], after having rejected the efforts pertaining to [long] life? |
| b7 | Thereupon, The Buddha-god, Maitreya, after having rejected the efforts pertaining to [long] life, with resolve, he held on to living for three months. || |
| b7+ | In (the tune) Deva(datta: || ) |
| b8 | (At this moment, the earth trembles,) the directions are burning, (the shooting stars) are raining [down], the terrifying drums (are roaring), the drum of the spirits is heard, the ... of the Yakṣas ... |
Other
| a6+ | Als die Lebens[dauer] der wesen 30 000 Jahre war, war der (Buddha) namens Kanakamuni. Auch er, der Alleswissende, hat 8000jährig die Buddhaschaft erlangt. (Schmidt 1974: 197-8) |
|---|---|
| b1+ | Als die Lebensdauer der Wesen 120 Jahre war (wtl. bei einem Leben der Wesen 120 Jahre [lang]), war der Buddha namens Śākyamuni. Auch er, der Mitleidige, hat 35jährig (die Buddhaschaft) erlangt. 45 Jahre hat er die Buddhaschaft ausgeübt [und] ist, 40 Jahre Leben übriggelassen habend, ins Nirvāṇa eingegangen. (Schmidt 1974: 503-4) |
| b6 | (1) (Wenn) ich (heute) ins Nirvāṇa eingehe, von wem wird [dann meine] Rückkehr erlangt [d.h. von niemandem wird dann meine Rückkehr erlangt]? Vielen Wesen wird durch die Trennung von mir das Herz brechen [und] heißes Blut zum Munde strömen [wtl. zur Mundhöhle gehen]. ODER (2) (Wenn) ich (heute) ins Nirvāṇa eingehe - für wen gibt es [da] eine Wiederkehr [d.h. für niemanden gibt es [da] eine Wiederkehr]? -, wird vielen Wesen durch die Trennung von mir das Herz brechen [und] heißes Blut zum Munde strömen. (Schmidt 1974: 261) |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
| Fragment of a manuscript which includes A 251 - A 294 (cf. Geng et al. 2004a: 64-65). | |
| The end of this passage corresponds to the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra (Vg. 16.14, cf. Waldschmidt 1950: 208-212). See Pinault 2008: 89-108 for commentary and the identification of the passage as belonging to the 27th act. |
References
Miscellaneous
Online access
Transliteration
Sieg and Siegling 1908: 929-932
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 130-131; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 130, p. 131
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (247, 308), a3 (247, 308), a4 (308, 309), b5 (249, 307), b6 (203), b6 b7 (305); Hackstein 1995: b6 (129); Meunier 2013: b7 (156); Schmidt 1974: a6 a7 (197f), a6 a7 (197-8), b1 b2 (503f), b1 b2 (503-4), b6 (261), b6 b7 (260f); Thomas 1952: b5 (19); Thomas 1957: a1 (206), a2 a3 (206), a4 (206), a6 (206), a6 a7 a8 (33, 189, 205), a8 b1 (189, 206), b2 (202, 206); Thomas 1967a: a3 (62); Thomas 1969: b6 b7 (241); Thomas 1970: b3 b4 (272); Thomas 1983: a6 (34), b5 (37); Thomas 1990: b6 (25); Thomas 1997: a7 (79)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Geng, Shimin, Jens Peter Laut, and Georges-Jean Pinault. 2004a. “Neue Ergebnisse der Maitrisimit-Forschung (II): Struktur und Inhalt des 26. Kapitels.” Studies on the Inner Asian Languages 19: 29–94 + III. http://hdl.handle.net/11094/16566.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2008. Chrestomathie tokharienne. Textes et Grammaire. Leuven/Paris: Peeters.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1908. “Tocharisch, die Sprache der Indoskythen. Vorläufige Bemerkungen über eine bisher unbekannte indogermanische Literatursprache.” Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaft 39: 915–32.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1967a. “Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen.” Indogermanische Forschungen 72: 58–78.
Thomas, Werner. 1969. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A ptāñkät [B pañäkte, pudñäkte], A koṃ [B kauṃ]: A koṃñkät [B kauṃñäkte] usw.” Orbis 18: 235–68.
Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1983. Der tocharische Obliquus im Sinne eines Akkusativs der Richtung. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 6. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1990. Tocharische Maitreya-Parallelen aus Hami. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVII. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Thomas, Werner. 1997. Interpretationsprobleme im Tocharischen. Unflektiertes A puk, B po “ganz, all, jeder”. Vol. 3. SbWGF, XXXV. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
Waldschmidt, Ernst. 1950. Das Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra, Text in Sanskrit und Tibetisch, verglichen mit dem Pāli nebst einer Übersetzung der chinesischen Entsprechung im Vinaya der Mūlasarvāstivādins. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
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