THT 1112
| Known as: | THT 1112; KVāc 20 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés. "THT 1112". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht1112 (accessed 08 Dec. 2023). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavācanā |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Vinaya |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | THT 1102-1125 |
| Preceding fragment: | THT 1111 |
| Following fragment: | THT 1113 |
| Material: | ink on wood tablet |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 5.6 × 29 cm |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
(continues from THT 1111)
| a1 | ya ma lye a nta rā yä pe pa rk[o]· [m]· /// /// ·[l]· : we wi na ṣṣo rmeṃ kau¯ ¯cä klye lle : a ñcā lṣa rn· [y]· |
|---|---|
| a2 | ma s̝a lle : we s̝s̝a lle : a nu śi ṣṭaṃ || [tu] – – – – – – – – lle || ya di pa ri śu ddha ā ga ccha tu || krui [ā] rsta re tā |
| a3 | kaṃ tu meṃ a nu śā ke ntse • te we s̝s̝a – – – – [dh]· nta rā yi kai rddha rmai || tu meṃ a nu śā ke ntse wa saṃ npā |
| a4 | tya ma lye ṣa nmī reṃ e neṃ ṅka a śa· [l]e – – – – – – – ·s· wa tka ṣle • tu meṃ pu ta nti meṃ wai ptā¯ ¯r a śa ri ntaṃ¯ ¯ts |
| a5 | [pai] yne wi nā s̝s̝a lle ṣe me pi ṣe me – – – – – – – – [ll]· : kau¯ ¯cä ru pne lkā s̝s̝a lle wa saṃ npā tya ska ske ma rcme· |
| b1 | [eṃ] ṣke na wa nti ta ṅtsi • po meṃ te yä· n· – – – – – – – m· na no – – wā [ca] ke¯ ¯śä• a śa lle • e ne pre la ma |
| b2 | s̝s̝a lle || ta ne ta rya wa ssi pā trai a /// /// yeṃ ya ṣṣā t· || ta ña ke wa sa npā¯ ¯t ya ska s̝s̝a lle |
| b3 | sta¯ ¯rc || ta ne wa sa· [p]· – – – – – – st· • ci ntā ma ni wa me rmpa ta se ma ne : ma kte śau mo |
| b4 | ci ntā ma ni wa me¯ ¯r ka llaṃ po yä kne [ṣ]e – – – – – – – [tsa] ñe nta lye cciṃ : po a kā lka nta kna [s]ke nta rne |
| b5 | tu mpa ta se ma ne wa sa npā· ·[ā] /// /// l[m]e· wa kī ce wä nta re[¯] [¯]śc kra ma rtse pra yo¯ ¯k ya ma |
(continues on THT 1113)
Transcription
(continues from THT 1111)
| a1 | n1n2n3 yamalye antarāyä peparko(r)m(eṃ) /// /// (wināṣṣäl)l(e) : wewinaṣṣormeṃ kauc klyelle : añcāl ṣarn(e) y(a)- |
|---|---|
| a2 | -maṣällen4n5n6 : weṣṣälle : |
| anuśiṣṭaṃ |
| ॥ tu(meṃ) – – – – – (weṣṣä)lle ॥ |
| yadi pariśuddha āgacchatu |
| ॥ krui ārstare tā- | |
| a3 | -kaṃn6n7n8 tumeṃ anuśākentse • te weṣṣä(lle) (:) |
| (pariśud)dh(o) ntarāyikair ddharmai |
| ॥ tumeṃ anuśākentse wasaṃnpā- | |
| a4 | -tn9n10n11 yamalye ṣanmīreṃ eneṃṅka aśa(l)le – – – – – – – ·s· watkäṣle • tumeṃ putantimeṃ waiptār aśarintaṃts |
| a5 | n12n13 paiyne wināṣṣälle ṣemepi ṣeme(pi) – – – – (yamaṣṣä)ll(e) : kauc rupne lkāṣṣälle wasaṃnpāt yaskaskemar-cme(ṃ) |
| b1 | n14n15n16 eṃṣke nawanti täṅtsi • pomeṃ te yä(k)n(esa) – – – – – – m· nano (karma)wācakeś aśalle • enepre lamä- |
| b2 | -ṣṣällen16n17n18n19 ॥ tane tarya wassi pātrai a(tiṣṭhit) /// /// (upādhyā)yeṃ yaṣṣāt(ai) ॥ ta«ne» ñake wasanpāt yaskaṣṣälle |
| b3 | n20 star-c ॥ tane wasa(n)p(āt) – – – – – st(e) • cintāmani wamermpa tasemane : mäkte śaumo |
| b4 | n21n22n23 cintāmani wamer kallaṃ po-yäkne ṣe – – – – – – (snai)tsäñenta lyecciṃ : po akālkänta knaskentär-ne |
| b5 | n24n25n26 tumpa tasemane wasanpā(t) ·ā /// /// (śpā)lme(ṃ) wakīce wäntareśc kramartse prayok yama- |
| -(ṣäle) |
(continues on THT 1113)
Translation
(continues from THT 1111)
| a1 | about any obstacle(s), (he shall enter [again and] pay homage to the community.) After having paid homage he shall rise, fold [his] hands |
|---|---|
| a2 | together [and] say: [He has] been instructed. There(upon the whole community) shall (speak): If he [is] pure, he shall come. If he is pure, |
| a3 | the instructor (shall) speak thus: [He is] (pure) with regard to obstacles. Thereupon the instructor shall lead in the novice to be |
| a4 | ordained [and] tell [him] (to ask the community for [his] ordination.) Thereupon he [i.e. the novice] shall revere the feet of the Ācāryas each, from the eldest to the youngest, |
| a5 | (fold [his] hands together(?) [before(?)]) each of them, look up into [each one’s] face [and say]: I ask you to ordain me! |
| b1 | After (having asked,) (in) this way, everyone (to ordain [him]), he shall be led again to the karmavācaka [and] before [him] |
| b2 | [he] shall be set. [This one speaks to him:] Here (you have seized) the three [monks’] clothes [and] the eating bowl [and] asked (for a teacher). Now here you shall ask to be ordained. |
| b3 | Ordination here is (an excellent thing), comparable to a Cintāmaṇi-jewel: Like a human, |
| b4 | [when] he obtains the Cintāmaṇi-jewel, will acquire every kind of (goods of happiness of the world [and]) remove (poverty) – [for] all wishes are granted him – |
| b5 | just so (is the) ordained (one(?) Now here) the difficult process to [reaching] this excellent, magnificent thing shall be started. |
(continues on THT 1113)
Other
| a2+ | Then the saṃgha is to say together, «yadi pariśuddha āgacchatu! [If he is pure, let him come!]». If he is pure, then the anuśāsaka is to ask this: … (cf 53, 87) (Peyrot 2013c: 701) |
|---|
Commentary
Philological commentary
| The supplementation and commentaries follow Schmidt 1986b: 19, 138. | |
| The TB phrase putantimeṃ waiptār aśarintaṃts paiyne wināṣṣälle ... eṃṣke nawanti täṅtsi has a nice parallel in the Bhikṣuṇī-Vinaya (Mā-L) (Roth ed. 1970: § 38), where it says: vṛddhāntāto prabhṛti sarvāsāṃ pādā śirasā vanditavyāḥ yāvan navakāntaṃ. ‘Starting from the end of the line (or place) of the newly ordained monks’ (Roth ed. 1970: § 38, n.1). Cf. also Cowell and Neil 1886: 14. 19, 404. | |
| n3 | The gap contains 12 akṣaras. |
| n6 | On krui ārstare tākaṃ tumeṃ anuśā(sa)kentse te weṣṣä(lle) cf. Bhī 17 a3 sacet pariśuddhā bhavati rahonuśāsikayā vaktavyā. |
| n19 | The gap contains 9 akṣaras. |
| n26 | The gap contains 8 akṣaras. |
Remarks
| According to Schmidt 1986b: iv-v this ms. comes either from Qizil or from Tumšuq. | |
| From this leaf 2 large fragments are preserved: one from the left side, about 9 cm wide, and the right half of the leaf, about 13 cm wide. Between the two fragments about 6-9 cm are missing. On the left margin a strip of about 0.5 x 3 cm, which contained the leaf number, is lost. | |
| The original ms. was 29 cm wide and 5.6 cm high, with the string hole 6.5 cm from the left margin. It was written by at least three hands: scribe 1, a beautiful, delicate script, from leaf 1 to 11 a1; scribe 2, distinguished by a number of orthographical idiosyncrasies/errors, from leaf 11 a1 to and including 19; scribe 3 from leaf 20 to end. The final leaves A and B THT 1123 and THT 1124 may have been written either by scribe 2 or a fourth hand. Cf. Schmidt 1986b: v, 2, 4 | |
| The leaf is in hand 3. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | antarāyä for antarāy; yamaṣälle for yamaṣṣälle. |
|---|---|
| n2 | antarāyä should be corrected to antarāyänta. |
| n4 | krui for kwri; mistaken ārstare for astare. |
| n5 | ārstare sic! to be corrected to āstare or astare. |
| n7 | anuśākentse for anuśāsakentse; wasaṃnpāt for wasaṃpāt. |
| n8 | anuśākentse sic! to be corrected to anuśāsakentse (twice). ddharmai sic! for dharmaiḥ |
| n9 | ṣanmīreṃ for ṣanmireṃ; eneṃṅka for eneṅka. |
| n10 | The first word after the gap is probably yāṣtsi There is a clearly recognizable trace of a ṣ. |
| n11 | The words putanti ‘senior, eldest (in a monastic community)’’ and b1 nawanti ‘newcomer, youngest (in a monastic community)’ come from Middle Indic. putanti goes back to Prakrit *vuḍḍhantiya vel sim. (cf. BHS vṛddhānta ‘elder’s end or place’) and nawanti goes back to Prakrit *ṇavantiya vel sim. (cf. BHS navānta ‘the junior’s end or place’ - the meaning of both BHS vṛddhānta and navakānta were already identified correctly by Burnouf 1876: 402). Both words display typical Prakrit features: shortening of long vowels before double consonants according to the two-mora rule, and the replacement of ṛ by u after labials. The change from word initial v to p and of word internal ddh to t is due to the Tocharian adaptation of voiced consonants. |
| n12 | paiyne for paine; wasaṃnpāt for wasaṃpāt. |
| n13 | paiyne wināṣṣälle corresponds to the Skt. pādā śirasā vanditavyāḥ of the Bhikṣuṇī-Vinaya (Mā-L), § 38; cf. also THT 1104 b4 paiyne wīnāṣäle: paiyne wināsk- lit. “to revere the feet”, just like Skt. pādau śirasā vand- and Pāli pāde sirasā vand-, means “to bow down at someone’s feet”(cf. Schmidt 1986b: 128). |
| n14 | täṅtsi for täṅktsi; karmawācakeś for karmavācakeś. |
| n15 | The first word after the gap could perhaps be supplemented to yayāṣormeṃ. |
| n16 | lamäṣṣalle sic! for lamäṣṣälle. |
| n17 | Mistaken ta for tane; wasanpāt for wasaṃpāt. |
| n18 | ta ñake should probably be corrected to tane ñake. |
| n20 | wasanpāt for wasaṃpāt. |
| n21 | snaitsäñenta for snaitsäññenta. |
| n22 | lyecciṃ sic! for lyaiccäṃ. It is the Subj. II of litk- Kaus. ‘remove’. |
| n23 | knaskentär is the Prs. of kän- Kaus. ‘fulfil’. |
| n24 | wasanpāt for wasaṃpāt; wakīce for wakice; yamaṣäle for yamaṣṣälle. |
| n25 | The last word before the gap can perhaps be supplemented to yāmu. |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 1112; TITUS: THT 1112
Edition
Tamai 2014a: 378-379; Tamai 2007a: №1112; Schmidt 1986b: 19, 52-54
Translations
Meunier 2013: b2 (155); Peyrot 2013c: a2 a3 (701); Schmidt 1986b: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (87-88); Tamai 2014a: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (378-379)
Bibliography
Burnouf, Eugène. 1876. Introduction à l’Histoire du Bouddhisme Indien. 2nd ed. Bibliothèque Orientale 3. Paris: Maisonneuve.
Cowell, Edward B., and Robert A. Neil. 1886. The Divyāvadāna. A collection of early Buddhist legends. Now first edited from the Nepalese Sanskrit mss. In Cambridge and Paris. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013c. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Roth (ed.), Gustav. 1970. Bhikṣuṇī-vinaya. Vol. 12. Tibetan Sanskrit Works Series. Patna: K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1986b. “Fragmente eines buddhistischen Ordinationsrituals in westtocharischer Sprache. Aus der Schule der Sarvāstivādins. Text, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen und Indizes.” {Habilitation}.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2007a. “A preliminary edition of unpublished texts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” Thesaurus indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan collection. http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/tht.htm.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2014a. “The Tocharian Karmavācanā.” Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology (ARIRIAB) at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013 17: 365–94.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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