THT 496
| Known as: | THT 496; B 496; Bleistiftnummer 2626 |
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| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 496". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht496 (accessed 06 May 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner |
| Date of online publication: | 2015-09 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Kizil Ming-öy |
| Expedition code: | T III MQ 17.39 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | late |
| Script: | cursive |
Text contents | |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Poetry |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M25 |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Scroll |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | [lt]s[e] pi [k]a la [wa] taṃ (·)e (–) c[i](·) (·)e /// /// (·)nts(·) [p](·) a sk(·) sk(·) (–) ñ(·) (–) [sa] n[o]¯ ¯s̝ śo [m]o ñ·[¯] [¯m] |
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| a2 | – lme ·[ā] r[e] tā ka mā ra [po] staṃ ci sa lā re ma ske ta¯ ¯rñ : ci ṣṣe la rau mñe ci ṣṣe ā rta ñye pe lke ka ltta |
| a3 | ·ra śo la mpa ṣṣe mā t· stā lle śo¯ ¯l wä rñai : [2] tai ysu pa lska no¯ ¯ym sa nai ṣa ryo |
| a4 | mpa śā yau ka rttse – [ś]au lu wä rñai snai tse re kwa snai tā – : |
| a5 | yā mo¯ ¯r ñī kte ṣe c[au] ñī pa lska ñe śa rsa tu sa ysa lye |
| a6 | rsa te ci ṣya ra[¯] [¯śä] ñi sa lkā te : wā ya «ci» lau ke tsyā ra ñi¯ ¯śä |
| a7 | we tke lykau tka¯ ¯ñä pā ke po la kle nta¯ ¯s ci ṣe tsā rwo sa mpā |
| a8 | (– – – – – –) (·)e [ś]o[¯] [¯l] [pa] l[s](·)a ra¯ ¯śä ñī ko¯ ¯m ko¯ ¯m mī |
Transcription
| 2b | (ya)a1ltsen1n2 pikala watäṃ ·e – ci(ṣṣ)e /// 5σ /// ; – – ·nts· p(o) ask(a)sk(au) |
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| 2c | (mā) ñ(i) (ci)sa noṣ ; śomo ñ(e)m a2n3 (wno)lme ; (l)āre tāka mā ra postaṃ ; cisa lāre mäsketär-ñ : |
| 2d | ciṣṣe laraumñe ; ciṣṣe ārtañye ; pelke kalttaa3(r)r«†ä»n4 śolämpa ṣṣe ; mā t(e) stālle śol wärñai : 2 |
| 3a | taiysu pälskanoym ; sanai ṣaryoa4mpan5n6 ; śāyau karttse(ś) śaulu-wärñai ; snai tserekwa snai tā – : |
| 3b | a5n7 yāmor-ñīkte ṣe ; cau ñī palskañe ; śarsa tusa ysaly= ea6rsaten8n9 ; ciṣy= araś ñi sälkāte : |
| 3c | wāya ci lauke ; tsyāra ñiś a7n10 wetke ; «k»ly«†k»autka-ñ pāke po läklenta«nt»s ; ciṣe tsārwo sampāa8(te-ñ)n11 |
| 3d | – – – – – – ·e ; śol pals(k)= araś ñī ; kom-kom mī… |
Translation
| a1 | ... for a (thou)sand years ... (of) you ... a(ll) (I) announce ... Previously, there was (no) (living be)ing n(a)med human dearer to me than (you). |
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| a2 | Hereafter, likewise there will be no one (d)earer to me than you. [My] affection for you, [my] love for you are together like breath |
| a3 | with life. Th(is) shall not change [all my] life long. Thus I was constantly thinking: "With the very beloved one |
| a4 | I will live (for) good lifelong, without deceit, without ..." |
| a5 | God Karma for one knew [that] this is my thought. Thus he evoked excitation. |
| a6 | He pulled out my heart which belongs to you. He led you far away and separated me [from you]. |
| a7 | He made me take part in all sufferings and depriv(ed me) of the joy provided by you. |
| a8 | ... my life, my spir(it), my heart day by day ... |
Other
| a1+ | No human being has [ever] before been dearer to me than you, and none will be dearer to me than you afterwards. (Peyrot 2013b: 304) |
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| a3+ | So dachte ich: "Mit der einen Geliebten werde ich gut [wtl. (zum) Guten] leben ein Leben lang ohne Trug [und] ohne Verstellung(?)." (Schmidt 1974: 182) |
| a5+ | Gott Karman allein wusste solches mein Denken. Deshalb rief er Zwietracht hervor [oder: rief bei sich Neid hervor] [und] entriss mir das dir gehörige Herz. Er führte dich fort, trennte mich ab [und] ließ mich an allen Leiden teilhaben. Die Freude an dir nahm er mir fort. (Schmidt 1974: 335, 386, 469) |
Commentary
Philological commentary
| German translation after Thomas 1954a: 80: Früher war mir (kein) Mensch genanntes Wesen lieber als du, auch später ist mir keins lieber als du. [2c] Die Liebe zu dir, das Gefallen an dir ist Atem zusammen mit dem Leben. Dieses soll sich lebenslänglich nicht ändern. [2d] So dachte ich: Mit der einen Geliebten werde ich gut leben lebenslänglich ohne Trug [und] ohne Gehabe (?). [3a] Der Gott Karman allein wußte solches mein Denken. Deshalb rief er Zwietracht hervor [und] entriß mir das dir gehörige Herz. [3b] Er führte dich fort, trennte mich ab [und] ließ mich teilhaben an allen Leiden. Die Freude an dir nahm er (mir) fort. | |
| French translation after Pinault 2008: 32: ... mille ans ... [2c] D'être vivant portant le nom d'humain, il n'en fut pas auparavant de plus cher pour moi que toi, et il n'en sera pas non plus dans l'avenir de plus cher que toi pour moi. [2d] L'affection pour toi, l'amitié pour toi constitue le souffle associé à la vie tout ensemble. Ceci ne doit pas changer la vie durant. [3a] Ainsi je ne cessais de penser: Avec une unique amante je vivrai pour le bonheur la vie durant, sans duperie ni tromperie. [3b] Le die Acte seul a su cette pensée mienne. C'est pourquoi il a suscité la querelle, il m'a arraché le cœur tien. [3c] Il t'a emmenée au loin, il m'a entraîné á part, il m'a fait prendre part à toutes les souffrances; il m'a enlevé la consolation que tu étais. [3d] ... la vie, l'esprit, le cœur miens, jour après jour ... | |
| English translation after Adams 2013: 26–28: ... for a thousand years however, Thou wilt tell the story (?) Thy ... I announce, [2b] Heretofore there was no human being dearer to me than thee, likewise hereafter there will be no one dearer to me than thee. [2c] Thy love! Thy affection! [My] jubilant song rises up! Along with life [itself], this should not come to an end for [my] whole life. [2d] Thus I was thinking: “I will live with one lover well [for the whole of my] life, without deceit, without ...” [3a] The Karma-god alone recognized this, my thought. Thus he provoked a quarrel; it ripped out my heart [that belonged] to thee; [3b] it led thee afar, it tore me apart, it turned me into a partaker of all sorrows; he took away the consolation [I had] in thee. [3c] ... my life, spirit, and heart day-by-day ... | |
| n2 | (ya)ltse is emended by Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 8. watäṃ may also be read as wat, i.e. wat\•, cf. Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 10 and Adams 2013: 17f. The latter also emends [w]e(ṃ)t no ciṣṣe – – ñ(iś caina)nts p[o] after watäṃ, of which ciṣṣe and po seem plausible. ask(a)sk(au) is emended by Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 12 and corrected to aksaskau (see Linguistic commentary). (mā) ñ(i ci)sa emended by Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 13. |
| n6 | The last word in this line has been read as snai-tāte by Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307, Thomas 1954a: 78 and Adams 2013: 18. Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 21 suggests snai-nāne as a possible reading as well, which is given in TEB II: 72. Adams 2013: 27 also gives snai-t/nāte. KT Schmidt apud Otto 2007: 112 fn. 12 and Pinault 2008: 20 read this word as snai-tā(r)śai. Since there are too many possibilities and the issue cannot be settled (yet) we do not commit to a specific variant (for now). |
| n9 | In the phrase wāya ci lauke the ci has been added by another hand according to Sieg and Siegling 1953: 308 fn. 2. |
| n10 | lykautka-ñ misspelled for klykautka-ñ and läklentas for läklentants. |
Remarks
| Verso side covered with paperboard. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 9 corrects pikala to pik{w}ala, but the loss of the labial element of the labiovelar could be a feature of colloquial/late TB, see Fellner 2006. The form ask(a)sk(au) could be a colloquial/late form of aksaskau and not a spelling error, cf. colloquial Engl. aks for ask. Colloquial/late noṣ śomo for nauṣ śaumo, for the change au > o see Peyrot 2008: 53f. |
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| n3 | Colloquial/late ārtañye for ārttalñe; for the change lñe > ñye see Peyrot 2008: 64f. Colloquial (?) kaltta(r)r for kaltär. |
| n4 | Colloquial/late śolämpa for śaulämpa and śol for śaul; for the change au > o see Peyrot 2008: 53f. |
| n5 | Colloquial/late karttse(ś) for kartseśc; for the change śc > ś see Peyrot 2008: 70f. Depending on the reading (see Philologically commentary) the last word of this line has been translated as German ohne Gehabe in the reading snai-tāte by Thomas 1954a: 80 and as French sans tromperie in the reading snai-tā(r)śai by Pinault 2008: 24f. The reading snai-tāte (Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307, Thomas 1954a: 78 and Adams 2013: 18) was never explained regarding its morphological derivation, whereas the reading snai-nāne (Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307 fn. 21) is connected with "to appear" by TEB II: 203, cf. also Adams 2013a s.v., without any further explanation. Pinault 2008: 24f. proposes a relationship with tarśauna [TA tārśoṃ] "deception". However, tarśauna would be expected to have a singular tārśi*, cf. nom./obl. sg. , nom./obl. sg. . Obl. sg. tārśai, which seems to be attested in THT 213, could be consolidated with a nom. sg. tarśiye. In the latter case the derived adjective tārśī(cce) in THT 133 b5 would be problematic since a derivative of a noun in nom. sg. -iye, obl. sg. -ai would have the oblique as its derivational basis, cf. "fear, worry, danger" : "pertaining to fear, worry, danger". |
| n7 | Colloquial/late palskañe for palskalñe, for the change lñe > ñye see Peyrot 2008: 64f. |
| n8 | Colloquial/late araś for arañc, for the change ñc > ṃś > ś see Peyrot 2008: 70. |
| n11 | Colloquial/late kom for kauṃ, for the change au > o see Peyrot 2008: 53f. |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Peyrot 2008 | L |
| Tamai 2011 | L1 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 307-308; Pinault 2008: 19-32; Adams 2013: 17-26
Translations
Adams 2013: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 (26-28); Hackstein 1995: a5 a6 (47); Meunier 2013: a1 a2 (140), a7 (151); Peyrot 2013b: a1 a2 (304); Pinault 1989: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 (15); Pinault 2008: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 (32); Schmidt 1974: a3 a4 (182), a5 a6 (469), a5 a6 a7 a8 (335), a5 a6 a7 a8 (335, 386, 469), a6 a7 (386); Thomas 1954a: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 (80), a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 (80); Thomas 1957: a1 a2 (186), a3 a4 (66), a5 a6 a7 (186); Thomas 1958a: a1 a2 (137); Thomas 1967a: a1 a2 (68); Thomas 1969: a5 (239)
Bibliography
Adams, Douglas Q. 2013. “More thoughts on Tocharian B prosody.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 3–30.
Adams, Douglas Q. 2013a. A dictionary of Tocharian B. Revised and greatly enlarged. 2nd ed. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Fellner, Hannes A. 2006. “On the development of labiovelars in Tocharian.” In Proceedings of the seventeenth annual UCLA Indo-European conference, Los Angeles October 27–28, 2005, edited by Karlene Jones-Bley, Martin E. Huld, Angela Della Volpe, and Miriam Robbins Dexter, 52:51–65. JIES Monogr. Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Otto, Claude. 2007. “Bemerkungen zum westtocharischen Lexem ṣarya ‘Geliebte’.” Historische Sprachforschung 120: 110–14.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1989. “Introduction au tokharien.” LALIES VII. Actes des sessions de linguistique et de littérature (Aussois, 27 août – 1er septembre 1985), 5–224.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2008. Chrestomathie tokharienne. Textes et Grammaire. Leuven/Paris: Peeters.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD thesis, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner, and Wolfgang Krause. 1964. Tocharisches Elementarbuch, Band II. Texte und Glossar. Heidelberg: Winter.
Thomas, Werner. 1954a. “Ein tocharischer Liebesbrief.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 71: 78–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.
Thomas, Werner. 1967a. “Zu den Ausdrücken mit A ñom, B ñem im Tocharischen.” Indogermanische Forschungen 72: 58–78.
Thomas, Werner. 1969. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A ptāñkät [B pañäkte, pudñäkte], A koṃ [B kauṃ]: A koṃñkät [B kauṃñäkte] usw.” Orbis 18: 235–68.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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