THT 91
| Known as: | THT 91; B 91 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Melanie Malzahn. "THT 91". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht91 (accessed 05 May 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Melanie Malzahn |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 91.25, T III Š 91.26 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Araṇemijātaka |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Araṇemi α |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | ntse sa wa tsā lai pre ma ne wa rā ṣtsi śya kne ya ma s̝aṃ sa tya kā r[a] /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | wa rpo rṣe mai klā tsā ta• a ra ṇe mi we s̝s̝aṃ ta ñyai [tk]o (–) (·)y(·) ñca ne s[au] sa /// |
| a3 | r(·)i ye nne pā sa || o mno ña ke ○ [a] (–) ṇe mi we rpi śka tse /// |
| a4 | (– –) te || [t]e maṃ tya kne sa ○ (–) [laṃ] [tu] ññe ṣṣe pi rṣā ke /// |
| a5 | (– –) l(·)ā sa sa lkā ṣṣi cwi pe rne [sa] (– – –) – po stā na ñä kci /// |
| a6 | (– –) – no śwe s̝s̝aṃ ṣa rya [k]auṃ (·)[ū] (–) rn(·) [w]t(·) kā¯ ¯ñä e nte ce śau mo /// |
| b1 | (– – –) t[a] kā¯ ¯ñä po kkā k(·) [s](·) (–) pā k[r]i tā kā re¯ ¯ñ[ä] ñä kcya na ra¯ ¯mt• || ta ne ca ndra mu khi lā nte ke(·) cc(·) yai nne /// |
| b2 | (– –) kkā [k](·) rmeṃ sā rri wa rpo s̝aṃ tsa e (– – – – –) [o] mno ña ke se a ra ṇe mi we rpi śka tstse śpa lu we nta¯ ¯ts• yw(·) /// |
| b3 | (– –) śā nmya ra mno pa lsko la ○ (– –) – ce¯ ¯ts kre nta śwa tsa nma e ne pre tā ko yeṃ tu kcwi pa stai ṣṣi y[e] /// |
| b4 | (·)[w](·) sk·ṃ kuse pi se e ṅwe ste tsw[ai] ○ (–) [ta] ne cä rke nta klā stra po kre ntau na sa ke ke nu ste mā we saṃ sa swe /// |
| b5 | cwi kre ntau na¯ ¯śc• pa lkaṃ || tu meṃ ca ndra [m]u kh[e] [wa] (–) ṣe ca ke cce a sā nne ṣme ma ne twā rs̝[p]a a ra ṇe miṃ we rpi śka cce cä /// |
| b6 | a mā cä nta pre ks̝aṃ kuse sa mpe ṅwe ste po śā mna [s](·) (–) [ṣ](·) pa lkā tsi ste || ki nta ri kne || rā ja va tyo¯ ¯k ma tsi cwi¯ ¯m[p]• /// |
Transcription
Translation
| a1 | . |
|---|---|
| a1 | Carrying a waterskin (?) over his (s)houlder, he [= Araṇemi] behaves like a water bearer. [As a] pledge (?) ... |
| a2 | .... |
| a2 | but you shall oppress your joy/feelings (?)!” Araṇemi speaks: “(Under) your command I am stand(ing)! ...” |
| a2+ | “Take (the garlands) into the (pa)lace!” || |
| a3 | Thereupon, however, the gardener A(ra)ṇemi now ... |
| a4 | . |
| a4 | ... || |
| a4+ | In this way from (this) Ṛṣi of royal dignity ... |
| a5 | ... he kept seeing ... on the (lea)ves. |
| a5+ | For the sake of this one ... all trees divine ... |
| a6 | ... he speaks to [his] wife: |
| a6+ | "[My] love! This day has become a glorious one for me, when (I saw?) this man ... |
| b1 | ... was for me. Call [hither]! Divine ... have appeared to me, as it were." || |
| b1+ | There in the palace of king Candramukha ... |
| b2 | ... after having called ... in (the midst of) the members of council ... |
| b2+ | There however now the gardener Araṇemi in (the midst) of the best [ministers] ... |
| b3 | ... He virtually enthralled (the) que(en’s) mind. (Whichever) were the best foodstuffs before them, this they gave onto him. ... |
| b4 | they speak: “Who may this man be? He is a-bringing garlands here. He is in possession of all virtues. Our lord (can) not (compete with him.) ... |
| b5 | [Compared] to his virtues he shines. Thereupon ki(ng) Candramukha, sitting on the lion-throne and for this reason (beholding?) the gardener Araṇemi (carrying) ga(rlands) ... |
| b6 | he [= Candramukha] asks the ministers: “Who is that man? He looks more (dis)tinguished than all [other] people.” || In [the tune] kintarik || Blue-coloured [is] the hair of his head ... |
Other
| a3 | ... bringe (die Kränze?) in den Palast! (Schmidt 1974: 388) |
|---|---|
| b4 | They say, «Who may this man be?» (Peyrot 2013b: 362) |
| b5+ | Darauf fragt König Candramukha ... die Minister: "Wer ist jener Mann? ..." (Schmidt 1974: 377-8) |
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| Often the nasal in gen.pl. endings is missing and incorrect vowels written: ā for a (klātsāt a2, tākāre-ñ b1), ä for a (krentä b3, amācäntä b6), a for ä (warporṣe a2, warpoṣäṃts b2), and ai for e (ke(r)cc(i)yainne b1). While the wrong interchange betwen the a-vowels is maybe simply due to sloppy copying, ai for e may rather be a hypercorrect. | |
| n1 | If satyakār is the correct word separation, one may derive it from a presupposed Sanskrit form *satyakāra- 'satya-making', which is, however, not attested; to be sure, the phrase satya kṛ- (e.g., satyakriyā- 'oath') means 'to make a pledge, conclude to an agreement'. Accordingly, Schmidt 2001: 321 suggests the translation "Pfand" with question mark. |
| n3 | warporṣe seems to be a ṣṣe-derivative from the abstract warpor from the root wärpā- (Gv.) which has many different meanings: 'feel; enjoy; suffer; receive; consent'. Note that one would expect wärporṣe; if this is not simply a misspelling, the accent may be analogical to the initially accented abstract warpalñe beside derived warpalñeṣṣe. Note that the PPt warpoṣäṃts made from the same root in b2 also shows incorrect wa. |
| n4 | 2.sg.act. klātsāt from kältsā- (Gv.) is a misspelling for either klātsat or klatsāt; but since the full grade in the root rather speaks in favor of an ablauting subjunctive V stem, initial accent in the active singular and accordingly klātsat ought to be the correct form (cf. Malzahn 2010: 286). Note that we have a similar misspelling tākāre-ñ for takāre-ñ in b1. |
| n6 | ke(r)cc(i)yainne for ke(r)cc(i)yenne (correct in a3) may be a hypercorrect form. |
| n8 | The adjective gen.pl. śpaluwenta(ṃ)ts "among the best" no doubt refers to the members of council, so that one would expect a masculine form, but a gen.pl.masc. from a u-adjective ought to be written śpaluwentäṃts (cf. TEB I: 155f., § 243-4.) |
| n9 | The 3.sg.mid. Prs Xa klāsträ for källāsträ shows irregular syncope, a characteristics of informal speech. Note that the whole Araṇemi manuscript not so rarely shows informal style characteristics. The hypercorrect 〈ai〉 in b1 fits here as well. Furthermore, eṅwe for eṅkwe. |
| n11 | eṅwe for eṅkwe. |
Philological commentary
| Continues THT 90 after a gap of indeterminate length, continued on THT 92. The translation basically follows Schmidt 2001: 321-2. Araṇemi appears here as a gardener, who is sent to the palace of the king Candramukha with an errand from his master. | |
| n2 | On the construction war āṣtsiś yakne yamaṣṣäṃ, see Dietz 1981: 90 and 153, note 4. |
| n5 | The sense no doubt is that nature mirrors the presence of Araṇemi such as "he kept seeing (blissfull signs) on the (lea)ves. For the sake of this one ... all trees (showed) divine (bloom/smell vel sim.)". Obl.pl. ñäkci(yeṃ) is also possible. |
| n7 | If the general calculation about the joint of the two fragments is correct, there is only space for one single missing akṣara (as per Sieg/Siegling). Thomas Sieg and Siegling 1983: 245 proposed restoration to s(kwamna) ‘fortune', followed by Schmidt 2001: 322; however, one would expect traces of the complex sign kw to be seen below the s, so this is unlikely even though it would fit the fem.pl. adjective very well. 2.pl. Imp pokkāk(a)s is also possible. |
| n10 | Thomas Sieg and Siegling 1983: 245 correctly points out that there is only space for one single missing akṣara in the lacuna between the two fragments, so only the restoration tswai(ññe) is possible. |
Remarks
| Two fragments from the same leaf with a more or less direct joint in line 1 and 6; in line 2 only one akṣaras is completetly missing, in lines 3 and 4 only one, and in line 5 four; the left margin is partly preserved but no leaf number. Large part of the upper layer on the verso side of the right fragment is lost. According to the content, this leaf directly preceds THT 92. Therefore, it was probably originally leaf 42 of the manuscript. |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Tamai 2011 | C5 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Miscellaneous
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 28-29
Translations
Carling 2000: a1 (205), a3 (153), a6 (404), b5 (170); Hackstein 1995: b6 (73); Peyrot 2013b: b4 (362); Schmidt 1974: a3 (388), b5 b6 (377f), b5 b6 (377-8); Schmidt 2001: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (321-322); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a1 (244), b1 (245), b2 (245), b3 (245), b4 (245); Thomas 1954: a1 (754); Thomas 1957: b4 (251); Thomas 1968: b3 (213); Thomas 1969c: a6 (203); Thomas 1970a: b3 (456); Thomas 1979b: b4 (12); Thomas 1988: b5 (252)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Dietz, Rudolf. 1981. “Der Gebrauch der Partizipia Präsentis im Tocharischen. Eine syntaktische Untersuchung.” PhD thesis, Univ. Frankfurt am Main.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Malzahn, Melanie. 2010. The Tocharian verbal system. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD thesis, Universität Göttingen.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 2001. “Die westtocharische Version des Araṇemi-Jātakas in deutscher Übersetzung.” In De Dunhuang à Istanbul. Hommage à James Russell Hamilton, edited by Louis Bazin and Peter Zieme, 299–327. Silk Road Studies 5. Turnhout: Brepols.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Krause, Wolfgang, and Werner Thomas. 1960. Tocharisches Elementarbuch. Band I. Grammatik. Heidelberg: Winter.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1969c. “Zu den Ausdrücken für Tag und Nacht im Tocharischen.” Central Asiatic Journal 13: 199–206.
Thomas, Werner. 1970a. “Zu einigen Besonderheiten der tocharischen Syntax.” Orbis 19: 452–72.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1988. “Toch. AB säm-/läm- ‘sitzen’ in transitivem Gebrauch.” Central Asiatic Journal 32: 244–59.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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