THT 1107
| Known as: | THT 1107; KVāc 15 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés. "THT 1107". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht1107 (accessed 10 Dec. 2023). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB; Sanskrit |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavācanā |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Vinaya |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | THT 1102-1125 |
| Preceding fragment: | THT 1106 |
| Following fragment: | THT 1108 |
| Material: | ink on wood tablet |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 5.6 × 29 cm |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
(continues from THT 1106)
| a1 | /// sa – – – – ṣ· le – – – daṃ ci va raṃ [p]·¯ ¯ñ• ma ma sa ma nva ha rā yu ṣmāṃ a ha |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// m· nt· rv· sa ma dhi t[i] – mi śla· ·[ṇ]· ·nta rvā so vā e vaṃ dvi ra – tṛ ra pi || te ra no pā tro e ṅka |
| a3 | /// tya ma ṣä lye pi [o] – lme tse po yśi pa ñi kte yā tka pā trai e ṅtsi ce snai ya rmä pa pā |
| a4 | /// pa pā ṣo rñe tse a yā to śc· (·)[au]¯ ¯[l] śai lyñe – ·sta rñe¯ ¯ś pā tro e ṅka ṣa lya sta rca ma kte ña ke ka |
| a5 | /// [kte] śau¯ ¯l• śai lyñe [n]·[a] [s]·e [n]·e [w]e [ta] wa [t]a [l](·)· [p]· to ya – lyñe ka ryo rpi to ya ma lyñe a mo [ka] – |
| b1 | /// lyñe sa wa rñai kuse [ś]·¯ ¯l ś· ly[ñ]·· – ske nte tai [s]· – no snai y[p]a rwe saṃ sā rne spo rto ma ne su ksa bhā jaṃ |
| b2 | /// [ś]· wā sta e nte yña kteṃ te te mu – – ñi kci ya [n]· ·s· [ṣ]· na vai ru ḍi ṣa na ñka ñca na ma sta rka la ṣa na bha |
| b3 | /// śpā lmeṃ śwa tsa nma śa – sta na no nrai yn· e ñcu wa ñeṃ pa lko ṣä· kre pa staṃ śa wā sta mlo ṣä pi lke |
| b4 | /// – k·e sa pa rna ñe¯ ¯ts o sta me· [l]· lyñ[e] – ·e ·[e] ne saṃ ṣe mi ā lī ne pi ntwā twa rpa na ntra a lye¯ ¯k• śā mñai |
| b5 | /// ·o ·o ·e [y]ä· – ·sa na ·[au]· – [l]yñ[e] nta po tsa· – [ṃ] a ṅ[k]ai· ske nte cme la e ṅka ṣe ñca na saṃ |
(continues on THT 1108)
Transcription
(continues from THT 1106)
| a1 | n1n2n3n4 /// (antarvā)s«†ä» – – – (we)ṣ(ä)le (॥) |
|---|
| (tave)daṃ civaraṃ |
| p(o)ñ |
| mama samanvaharāyuṣmāṃ aha- | |
| a2 | -(m)n5n6n7 |
| (cīvara)m (a)nt(a)rv(ā)sam adhiti(ṣṭhā)mi śla(kṣ)ṇ(o) (a)ntarvāso vā evaṃ dvir a(pi) tṛr api |
| ॥ te rano pātro eṅka- | |
| a3 | -(ṣalya)n8n9 /// (wasatpā)t yamaṣälyepi o(no)lmetse poyśi pañikte yātka pātrai eṅtsi ce snai yarmä papā- |
| a4 | -(ṣorñe)n10n11n12n13 /// papāṣorñetse ayātośc(a) (ś)aul śailyñe(tse) (a)starñeś pātro eṅkaṣalya star-ca mäkte ñake ka |
| a5 | n14n15n16n17n18 /// (ya)kte śaul śailyñen(t)a s(k)en(t)e weta watal(yñe) p·to ya(ma)lyñe karyor pito yamalyñe amokä(nta) |
| b1 | n19n20 /// …lyñesa warñai kuse ś(au)l ś(ai)lyñ(enta) skente tais(a) (ra)no snai yparwe saṃsārne sportomane su ksa bhājaṃ |
| b2 | n21n22n23n24 /// ś(a)wāsta ente yñakteṃ tetemu (ṣaiyt) ñikciyan(a) (y)s(ā)ṣ(a)na vairuḍiṣana ñkäñcana mastarkaläṣana bha- |
| b3 | -(janta)n25n26n27n28n29n30 /// śpālmeṃ śwatsanma śa(wā)sta nano nraiyn(e) eñcuwañeṃ palkoṣä(ṃ) krepastaṃ śawāsta mloṣä pilke |
| b4 | n31n32n33 /// (yä)k(n)esa pärnañets ostame(ṃ) l(a)lyñe – ·e ·e nesäṃ ṣemi ālīne pintwāt warpananträ alyek śāmñai |
| b5 | n34n35 /// (p)o (t)o(ṃ) (t)e yä(knet)sana (ś)au(l) (śai)lyñenta po tsa(tku)ṃ aṅkai(ṃ) skente cmela eṅkaṣeñcana saṃ- |
| -(sār) |
(continues on THT 1108)
Translation
(continues from THT 1106)
| a1 | (seize this antarvāsa garb, a soft antarvā)sa. (This [must be] spoken) three (times). [These words must be repeated in Skt.]: [Is] this (your) garb? Say: [Yes, it is] mine. Pay heed to this, venerable one! I, |
|---|---|
| a2 | (N.N.), seize (this) antarvāsa (garb), (a) so(ft) antarvāsa. Thus a second [and] a third time. Thus, too, (you shall) seize the eating bowl. |
| a3 | The Omniscient, the Buddha, has commanded the being to be ordained to seize the eating bowl since (it(?) leads (?) to(?)) immeasurably moral conduct [śīla]. |
| a4 | (Because(?),) for the purity of living [your] life [ājīvapāriśuddhu], [which is] conductive to moral conduct, you shall seize the eating bowl. Just as now [for you] |
| a5 | ([there is] no way of living [your] life [ājīva] [left] among the householders(?)) – ignoble(?) ways of living life are fighting wars(?), ploughing(?), trade [krayavikraya], the crafts, |
| b1 | for/with/to x-ing [and] so on, whatever [other] ways of living life [there are] – just so [there is] (n)o [eating bowl] existing in the beginning-less saṃsāra |
| b2 | (left), from which you have (not) eaten. When you (were) born among the gods, (from) divine golden, beryl, silver [and] crystal vessels |
| b3 | (heavenly(?)) food you were eating. In hell, then, you were eating red-hot iron balls, [and] molten copper |
| b4 | (you were drinking). Of the heretics, (of which) there are ... (96) [different] ways of going from the house, some consume the alms food from the palm[s] of their hand[s], others (from) human |
| b5 | (brainpan[s]) .... (All these) suchlike ways of living life are completely wrong [and] erroneous, since they lead to [new re]births [and] |
(continues on THT 1108)
Commentary
Philological commentary
| The supplementation and commentaries follow Schmidt 1986b: 13-16, 77-78, 132-133. | |
| n3 | About 14 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n4 | The beginning of the line can probably be supplemented with (wlaṃśkeṃ antarvā)s; cf. Schmidt 1986b: 132, and commentary to THT 1106: a1. |
| n7 | About 9 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n9 | About 7 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n13 | About 8 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n17 | About 8 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n18 | The first word in this line may perhaps be read as and supplemented to [y](a)kte - hardly [s·]kte and certainly not (mä)kte! The ending of the last word in this line is uncertain. |
| n20 | About 9 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n23 | About 9 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n24 | The last word in this line should probably be supplemented to bha(jānäntane) or bha(jāntane) - or perhaps even be corrected to bhā(jantane)? |
| n30 | About 9 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n33 | About 8 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
| n35 | About 12 akṣaras are missing at the beginning of this line. |
Remarks
| According to Schmidt 1986b: iv-v the ms. comes either from Qizil or from Tumšuq. | |
| From this leaf 2 large fragments are preserved: one to the right of the string hole, about 6 cm wide; and another fragment from the right side at a distance of about 1 cm from the other, consisting of 5 pieces and about 16 cm wide. The recto is discoloured to a blackish hue rendering the script almost illegible. The leaf number is not preserved. | |
| The original ms. was 29 cm wide and 5.6 cm high, with the string hole 6.5 cm from the left margin. It was written by at least three hands: scribe 1, a beautiful, delicate script, from leaf 1 to 11 a1; scribe 2, distinguished by a number of orthographical idiosyncrasies/errors, from leaf 11 a1 to and including 19; scribe 3 from leaf 20 to end. The final leaves A and B THT 1123 and THT 1124 may have been written either by scribe 2 or a fourth hand. Cf. Schmidt 1986b: v, 2-3. | |
| This leaf is in hand 2. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | weṣäle for weṣṣälle. |
|---|---|
| n2 | samanvaharāyuṣmāṃ: sic! and should be corrected to samanvāharāyuṣmāṃ. |
| n5 | eṅkaṣalya for eṅkaṣälya. |
| n6 | ślakṣṇa: it is unclear what is meant by this - perhaps a piece of clothing not made from smaller pieces, but cut from a single cloth? ślakṣṇam antarvāsaṃ is also to be found in Mainz 629, a Skt.-Uy. Karmavācanā text (cf. Maue and Röhrborn 1976: 208ff.), which, however, does not contribute to an explanation of ślakṣṇa. |
| n8 | wasatpāt for wasaṃtpāt; yamaṣälyepi for yamaṣṣälyepi; onolmetse for onolmentse; pañikte for pañäkte; eṅtsi for eṅktsi; yarmä for yarm; papāṣorñe for papāṣṣorñe. |
| n10 | papāṣorñetse for papāṣṣorñentse; ayātośca for ayātośco for ayātośc; śailñentse for śailyñentse; astarñeśc for astaräññeś; eṅkaṣalya for eṅkaṣälya; star-ca for star-c. |
| n11 | ayātośc(a) (for ayātośc(ä)) is a postposition taking the genitive and meaning 'for (the benefit of)' (cf. THT 31 a4). |
| n12 | starca sic! for starcä (= starc). |
| n14 | śailyñenta for śailñenta; yamalyñe for yamalñe. |
| n15 | weta watal(yñe) is a figura etymologica; watal(yñe) is an Abstr. II of wät- ‘fight’. Cf. THT 1105 a5 wata /// and commentary. |
| n16 | The form p·to cannot be supplemented with any certainty. The word would appear to be the TB equivalent of TA pate 'agriculture, ploughing'. |
| n19 | śailyñenta for śailñenta; sportomane for sporttomane. |
| n21 | ñikciyana for ñäkciyana; ysāṣana for ysāṣṣana; ñkäñcana for ñkañcana; mastarkaläṣana for mastarkaläṣṣana; bhajanta for bhājanta. |
| n22 | mastarkaläṣe is an adjectival derivation of so far unattested *mastarkal ‘rock crystal’. |
| n25 | nraiyne for nraine; krepastaṃ for krepasteṃ; mloṣä for mloṣ. |
| n26 | krepastaṃ sic! To be corrected to krepasteṃ, cf. THT 529 b 5 iñcuwaññeṃ krepaste(ntsa). krepaste = ‘ball, globe, Skt. guḍā’. Further attestations: krepaste /// in THT 529 b5 (= Skt. guḍābhiḥ) and krepäste /// in THT 3598 b6. |
| n27 | śawāsta the finite Pt. of the root śu is always formed from the stem śāwā in this ms. |
| n28 | mloṣä from *mlau ‘molten’, PPt. of the root mäl-, ca. ‘be squashed, melt (?)’, which is also etymologically related to German schmelzen ‘melt’ (IE *(s)mel-d-). |
| n29 | pilke ‘copper, Skt. tāmra’. |
| n31 | pärnañets for pärnāññeṃts;lalyñe for lalñe; ālīne for ālyine; warpananträ for wärpanantär. |
| n32 | pärnañets sic! for pärnāñets. |
| n34 | śailyñenta for śailñenta. |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 1107; TITUS: THT 1107
Edition
Tamai 2014a: 371-373; Tamai 2007a: №1107; Schmidt 1986b: 13-14, 47-48
Translations
Schmidt 1986b: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (77-79); Tamai 2014a: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (371-373)
Bibliography
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Maue, Dieter, and Klaus Röhrborn. 1976. “Ein zweisprachiges Fragment aus Turfan.” Central Asiatic Journal 20: 208–21.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1986b. “Fragmente eines buddhistischen Ordinationsrituals in westtocharischer Sprache. Aus der Schule der Sarvāstivādins. Text, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen und Indizes.” {Habilitation}.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2007a. “A preliminary edition of unpublished texts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” Thesaurus indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan collection. http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/tht.htm.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2014a. “The Tocharian Karmavācanā.” Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology (ARIRIAB) at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013 17: 365–94.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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