THT 1108
| Known as: | THT 1108; KVāc 16 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés. "THT 1108". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht1108 (accessed 02 Dec. 2023). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner; Theresa Illés |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB; Sanskrit |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavācanā |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Vinaya |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | THT 1102-1125 |
| Preceding fragment: | THT 1107 |
| Following fragment: | THT 1109 |
| Material: | ink on wood tablet |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 5.6 × 29 cm |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
(continues from THT 1107)
| a1 | sā rtsä mṣe ñca na po yśi pa ñi kte pa – ·[t]· /// /// lyka ce nne nau ṣa ñi pa ñi kti piṃ twā tw[ä] rpā nte lya ka ce pā |
|---|---|
| a2 | trai [y]ne ce ne o mpo staṃ tsa ṅka lyi [wa] rpa na ntra ly[e] c· – – – – – pa ñi kte ma kte pā trai eṃ ksa te te¯ ¯k• a ka lyṣa lyeṃ tsyā tka |
| a3 | te p· tr· e ṅk· – – [s] – ¯r· t· sa śau¯ ¯l• śa wa ṣä le sta rc· kwri ya kte [s]ke y·ṃ ka piṃ twā ta śwā tsi ka llā ta wä rpa na le mā |
| a4 | no ka l·ā ta tā [p]ā [tr]ai – y· [s]ka ṣ[ṣ]ä le sta rcä mā śwā tsi tse pe rne sa śau lśai yñe ṣpa rka ṣä le sta rc[ä] pā trai no te ce ya ma |
| a5 | – – – – – e ṅka(·) (–) ñca s·e te ka ṣpa ñ· ·e p· l·o ne pyā mtsa rma k[t]e te pā tro śu ke e ṅka ṣṣe ñca ste tai sa ñi¯ ¯ś pa pā ṣo |
| b1 | – – – – – – ṣṣe ñca tā k[o] ymä kre ntau na¯ ¯ts• [p]·· [r]· – [k]· yma || [t]· ña ke pre· [s]·· ta¯ ¯ñ• sā pā tro po ñce ñi ai śai te pyā mtsa¯ ¯r• śau la su ñi¯ ¯ś |
| b2 | – [ñ]e mts· tā pā trai pru ca mñai e ṅka ske ma¯ ¯r• so lmī yai pā trai rṣā ka ññe bha jaṃ te ta rya we ṣä le || ta ve daṃ pā traṃ po¯ ¯ñ• ma ma sa ma nvā ha rā yu ṣmā· |
| b3 | a ha mi tthaṃ nā ma i daṃ pā traṃ pā ri bho gi ka ma dhi ti ṣṭhā pa ri pū rṇaṃ pā traṃ ṛ ṣi bhā ja na¯ ¯m• e vaṃ dvi ra pi tṛ ra pi || ña ke u pā dhyā |
| b4 | ye ya ska ṣa le sta rcaṃ te ra no p[o] yśi pa ñi kte ka ṣṣi tse [y]ai· ·au· – – – [ṃ]· – tya ma lye pi o no lme tse u pā dhyā ye ya ska ṣä le kā tsi ce |
| b5 | pa ñi kte pre ke sa ku śa la mū la ci o no· ·ī – ·eṃ /// /// [r]· ṇā ga mtsa : wa sa npā tya ma ṣṣe re ke te tu śca ku¯ ¯ś la mu la nta |
(continues on THT 1109)
Transcription
(continues from THT 1107)
| (saṃ)- | |
| a1 | -sārn1n2n3n4 tsämṣeñcana poyśi pañikte pa – ·t· /// /// lykacenne nauṣañi pañikti piṃtwāt wärpānte lyakace pā- |
| a2 | -traiynen5n6 cene ompostaṃ tsaṅkalyi warpananträ lyec· – – – – – pañikte makte pātrai eṃksate tek akalyṣalyeṃts yātka |
| a3 | n7 te p(ā)tr(o) eṅk(aṣalya) s(ta)r(-c) t(ai)sa śaul śawaṣäle star-c(ä) kwri yakte-skey(e)ṃ ka piṃtwātä śwātsi källātä wärpanale mā |
| a4 | n8n9 no käl(l)ātä tā pātrai(sa) y(a)skaṣṣäle star-cä mā śwātsitse pernesa śaul śaiyñe ṣparkäṣäle star-cä pātrai no te ce yama- |
| a5 | -(lyñesa)n10 – – – – – eṅka(ṣṣe)ñca s(t)e te ka ṣpä ñ(ak)e p(a)l(sk)one pyāmtsar mäkte te pātro śuke eṅkaṣṣeñca ste taisa ñiś papāṣo- |
| b1 | -(rñe)n11n12 – – – – (eṅka)ṣṣeñca tākoymä krentaunats p(āt)r(o) (tā)kymä ॥ t(e) ñake pre(k)s(au-c) tañ sā pātro poñ ce ñi aiśai te pyāmtsar śaulasu ñiś |
| b2 | n12n13n14 (te) ñemts(a) tā pātrai prucamñai eṅkaskemar solmīyai pātrai rṣākäññe bhajaṃ te tarya weṣäle ॥ |
| tavedaṃ pātraṃ poñ mama samanvāharāyuṣmā(ṃ) |
| aham itthaṃnāma idaṃ pātraṃ pāribhogikam adhitiṣṭhā paripūrṇaṃ pātraṃ ṛṣibhājanam evaṃ dvir api tṛr api |
| ॥ ñake upādhyā- | |
| b4 | -yen16n17n18 yaskaṣale star-caṃ te rano poyśi pañikte käṣṣitse yai(tk)au(rsa) (wasa)ṃ(pā)t yamalyepi onolmetse upādhyāye yaskaṣäle kātsi ce |
| b5 | n19n20n21 pañikte prekesa kuśalamūläci ono(lm)ī – ·eṃ /// /// r·ṇāgamtsa : wasanpāt yamaṣṣ{e/a}re kete tuśca kuślamulänta |
(continues on THT 1109)
Translation
(continues from THT 1107)
| a1 | [they] increase the [stay in the] saṃsāra. The Omniscient, the Buddha, (ate [his] alms food from a bowl(?)). From bowls(?) (also) the earlier Buddhas ate alms food, [and] from a bowl(?), |
|---|---|
| a2 | the eating bowl, the [Buddhas] to arise later [will eat their alms food]. ... The Buddha himself seized the eating bowl [and] just this [he] commanded [his] pupils [to do]. |
| a3 | Therefore (you shall) seize the eating bowl. Thus you shall earn [your] living: If with little effort you may acquire alms food to eat, [you shall] consume [it]; [if,] |
| a4 | however, [you do] not acquire [it in this way], you shall beg for [it] (with) this eating bowl. But you shall not, for the sake of food, let fade away [this way of] earning [your] livelihood. For (in order to(?)) do this |
| a5 | (the monk?) seizes the eating bowl. And this now do in your mind: Just like the eating bowl seizes the essence [rasa], just so I |
| b1 | wish (to seize the bowl of) moral conduct [and] be a bowl [vessel] of virtues! This (I) now ask (you): [Is] this your eating bowl? Say: [Yes, it is] mine. Pay heed to this, venerable one! I, |
| b2 | N.N., seize this excellent eating bowl, an eating bowl undamaged, a vessel for ṛṣis. This [must] be said thrice. [These words must be repeated in Skt.]: [Is] this your eating bowl? Say: [Yes, it is] mine. Pay heed to this, venerable one! |
| b3 | I, N.N., seize this excellent eating bowl, an eating bowl undamaged, a vessel for ṛṣis. Thus a second [and] a third time. Now you shall ask for a teacher [upādhyāya]. |
| b4 | Thus also the being to be ordained, (at the) bidding of the Omniscient, the Buddha, shall ask for a teacher. Why this? Because |
| b5 | at the time of the Buddha, the beings which were equipped with the roots of good [kuśalamūlāni] (went from the house) [and] were ordained (without a teacher), [only] (by the threefold) taking (of refuge). These that had therefore gathered the roots of good |
(continues on THT 1109)
Commentary
Philological commentary
| The supplementation and commentaries follow Schmidt 1986b: 14, 16, 133. | |
| TB: tañ sā pātro ... ñi aiśai te pyāmtsar śaulasu ñiś (te)-ñemts(a) tā pātrai prucamñai eṅkaskemar solmīyai pātrai rṣākäññe bhajaṃ | |
| Skt.: tav=edaṃ pātraṃ ... mama samanvāhar=āyuṣmā(ṃ) aham itthaṃnāma idaṃ pātraṃ pāribhogikam adhitiṣṭhā(mi) paripūrṇaṃ pātraṃ ṛṣibhājanam | |
| n3 | The gap contains about 8 akṣaras. |
| n4 | lykacenne should be read thus rather than lyka cenne. |
| n12 | The TB translation precedes the text of the Skt. model (lines b2-3). The two versions are conforming exactly: |
| n16 | On ñake upādhyāye yaskaṣale cf. Upasampadājñaptiḥ, p.8, 11 tataḥ paścād upādhyāyo yācitavyaḥ. |
| n21 | The gap contains about 8 akṣaras. |
Remarks
| According to Schmidt 1986b iv-v the ms. comes either from Qizil or from Tumšuq. | |
| From this leaf the full width is preserved, consisting of 10 pieces. To the right of the string hole lines a1-2 are missing over a stretch of about 7 and 4 cm respectively. | |
| The original ms. was 29 cm wide and 5.6 cm high, with the string hole 6.5 cm from the left margin. It was written by at least three hands: scribe 1, a beautiful, delicate script, from leaf 1 to 11 a1; scribe 2, distinguished by a number of orthographical idiosyncrasies/errors, from leaf 11 a1 to and including 19; scribe 3 from leaf 20 to end. The final leaves A and B THT 1123 and THT 1124 may have been written either by scribe 2 or a fourth hand. Cf. Schmidt 1986b: v, 2, 4 | |
| The leaf is in hand 2. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | pañikte for pañäkte; nauṣañi for nauṣaññi; pañikti for pañäkti; piṃtwāt for pintwāt. |
|---|---|
| n2 | lykace (Obl.Sg.; lykacenne Loc.Pl.), name for a vessel, perhaps ‘bowl (?), cup(?)’. |
| n5 | ompostaṃ for ompostäṃ; warpananträ for wärpanantär; pañikte for pañäkte; eṃksate for eṅksate; akalyṣalyeṃts for akalṣälyeṃts. |
| n6 | warpananträ sic! for wärpananträ. |
| n7 | eṅkaṣalya for eṅkaṣälya; śawaṣäle for śawaṣṣälle; star-cä for star-c; piṃtwātä for pintwāt; källātä for källāt; wärpanale for wärpanalle. |
| n8 | källātä for källāt; yaskaṣṣäle for yaskaṣṣälle; star-cä for star-c; śaiyñe for śailñe; ṣparkäṣäle for ṣpärkaṣṣälle; star-cä for star-c. |
| n9 | The last word in this line must be a case form of the abstract noun yamalyñe, most likely the perlative yamalyñesa (as supplemented). |
| n10 | papāṣorñe for papāṣṣorñe. |
| n11 | tākoymä for tākoym; krentaunaṃts for krentaunats; tākymä for tākoym; śaulasu for śaulassu. |
| n13 | weṣäle for weṣṣälle; prucamñai for pruccamñai; solmīyai for solmiyai. |
| n14 | prucamñaim Obl.Sg.Fem. of pruccamo ‘excellent’ (cf. THT 1122 b2). This ms. so far contains the only attestations of TB forms of the adj. pruccamo (= TA pruccamo). |
| n15 | adhitiṣṭhā is to be corrected to adhitiṣṭhāmi. |
| n17 | yaskaṣale for yaskaṣṣälle; star-caṃ for star-cä for star-c; pañikte for pañäkte; käṣṣitse for käṣṣintse; yaitkaursa for yaitkorsa; onolmetse for onolmentse; yaskaṣäle for yaskaṣṣälle; kātsi for kāttsi. |
| n18 | starcaṃ sic! Should be corrected to starcä (for starc). yaitkaursa sic! for yaitkorsa. |
| n19 | pañikte for pañäkte; onolmī for onolmi; wasanpāt for wasaṃpāt; kuślamulänta for kuśalamūlänta. |
| n20 | yamaṣṣere sic! Scribal error for yamaṣṣare. tuśca sic! for tuścä (= tuśc). r·ṇāgamtsa most likely to be corrected and supplemented to (triśa)r(a)ṇagamtsa. kuś\lamulänta sic! for kuśalamulänta. |
References
Online access
IDP: THT 1108; TITUS: THT 1108
Edition
Tamai 2014a: 373-374; Tamai 2007a: №1108; Schmidt 1986b: 14-15, 48-49
Translations
Schmidt 1986b: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (79-81); Tamai 2014a: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 (373-374)
Bibliography
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1986b. “Fragmente eines buddhistischen Ordinationsrituals in westtocharischer Sprache. Aus der Schule der Sarvāstivādins. Text, Übersetzung, Anmerkungen und Indizes.” {Habilitation}.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2007a. “A preliminary edition of unpublished texts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” Thesaurus indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan collection. http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/tht.htm.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2014a. “The Tocharian Karmavācanā.” Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology (ARIRIAB) at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013 17: 365–94.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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