eṅkoṣ

Cite this page as:	"eṅkoṣ". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_eṅkoṣ (accessed 13 Feb. 2026).
Meaning:	“having seized”
Word class:	adjective
Language:	TB
Lexeme variants:	eṅkoṣ
Number:	singular; plural
Stem:	preterite
Stem class:	3
Case:	accusative; nominative
Gender:	masculine; masculine
Inflection class:
Nom. sg. (masc.):	-u
Obl. sg. (masc.):	-oṣ
Nom. pl. (masc.):	-oṣ

Paradigm

	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f	du.m	du.f
nom	eṅkoṣ, eṅku		eṅkoṣ	eṅkuwa
voc
acc	eṅkoṣ		eṅkoṣ
gen
loc
comit
inst
abl
perl
all
caus

Lexeme family

• eṅk-
  • eṅkäl “passion, attachment, affection, love” msg

    	sg	pl
    nom	eṅkäl	eṅkalwa
    acc	eṅkäl	eṅkalwa
    comit	eṅkälmpa
    perl	eṅkältsa

    • eṅkaläṣṣe “pertaining to passion”

      	sg.m
      nom	eṅkaläṣṣe
      acc	eṅkaläṣṣe

    • eṅkalsu “passionate”

      	sg.m
      nom	eṅkalsu

    • eṅkalätstse “passionate”

      	sg.m
      nom	eṅkalätstse

  • eṅk- “to seize, take” “understand” gv
    • eñcil “levy, tax”

      	sg
      nom	eñcil
      acc	eñcil

      • eñcilmaṣṣe “pertaining to a levy/tax”

        	sg.m
        nom	eñcilmaṣṣe
        acc	eñcilmaṣṣe

    • eñci “grasping (?)”

      	sg.m
      nom	eñci

    • eṅk- “to seize, take” “understand” gv.prs9a

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	eṅkaskemar	eṅkaskemttär
      2	eṅkastar
      3	eṅkaṣṣitär, eṅkastär	eṅkaskentär

      • eṅkaṣṣälle “seizing, being bound to seize” part.prs9a

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	eṅkaṣṣälle	eṅkaṣälya	eṅkaṣṣälyi	eṅkaṣälona
        acc				eṅkaṣälona
        comit			ekṣalyimpa

      • eṅkäskemane “seize, take” “understand” part.prs9a

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane
        acc	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane	eṅkäskemane

      • eṅkaṣṣeñca “seizing, taking” “understanding” ptcp.prs9a

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.f
        nom	eṅkaṣṣeñca	eṅkaṣṣeñca	eṅkaṣeñcana
        acc			eṅkaṣeñcana

    • eṅk- “to seize, take” “understand” gv.subj1

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	eñcīmar
      2	eñcitar
      3	eñcītär, eṅktär	eṅkantär

      • eṅkalya “to seize, take” “understand” part.subj1

        	sg.f
        nom	eṅkalya

      • eṅkalñe “seizing, clinging (to existence)” “adherence, attachment” abstr.n.subj1

        	sg	pl
        nom	eṅkalñe	eṅkalñenta
        acc	eṅkalñe	eṅkalñenta
        gen	eṅkalñentse
        loc	eṅkalñene
        abl	eṅkalyñemeṃ
        perl	eṅkalñesa

        • eṅkalñeṣṣe “pertaining to seizing, clinging” subj1

          	sg.m
          nom	eṅkalñeṣṣe
          acc	eṅkalñeṣṣe

      • eṅktsi “to seize, take” “understand” inf.n.subj1

        	sg
        nom	eṅktsi
        acc	eṅktsi

    • eṅk- “to seize, take” “understand” gv.pret3

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	eṅksamai	eṅksamte
      2	eṅksatai
      3	eṅksate, eṅksate-ne	eṅksante, eṅksante-ne

      • eṅku “having seized” part.pret3

        	sg.m	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	eṅkoṣ, eṅku	eṅkoṣ	eṅkuwa
        acc	eṅkoṣ	eṅkoṣ

        • eṅkor “seizure” abstr.pret3

          	sg
          nom	eṅkor
          acc	eṅkor
          abl	eṅkormeṃ

    • eṅk- “to seize, take” “understand” gv.imp3

      	sg.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      2	peṅksa	peṅsar	peṅksat

Occurrences

eṅkoṣ

1	IOL Toch 14 b2	känmaskeṃ-ne b2 /// ṣarnene	eṅkoṣ	tumeṃ cwi pyapyaiṃ suknaṃ
2	IOL Toch 14 b3	– r tumeṃ pyapyaiṃ	eṅkoṣ	cakñi känta-ne • b4
3	IOL Toch 557 b2	/// b2 /// °le	eṅkoṣ	·e /// b3 ///
4	IOL Toch 602 a5	a5 /// °yar nmittänta	eṅkoṣ	nä·ṣ· – /// a6
5	PK NS 55 a4	: taurmeṃ kutsāreṃ wastsy	eṅkoṣ	; (yāṣ)ṣ(u) śwātsi stām
6	THT 28 b6	7 kuce cai makci	eṅkoṣ	ṣeṃ ; pilkonta b7
7	THT 199 b3	pañä b3 /// s(aṃ)skāraskantne	eṅkoṣ	÷ aya(ṃ) tv āgamo
8	THT 213 b1	pe b1 /// ṣärnen=	eṅkob2ṣ	maṅkālänta • ersna lkāskeṃñ-c
9	THT 222 b4	/// b4 /// (y)p(a)rw(e)	eṅ(k)o(ṣ)	nuwalñe läklentaṣṣai l· ///
10	THT 556 a1	a1 nma :	eṅkoṣ	larenaṃ ṣäñe śamna ri
11	THT 587.a a7	wat pratiñ cai prakre	e(ṅkoṣ)	; /// a8 ///
12	THT 1430.j a2	– /// a2 ///	eṅkoṣ	/// a3 /// ·ä
13	THT 1541.a a4	a4 /// l·a ṣarnen	eṅkoṣ	nrai /// b1 ///