Work in progress

PK NS 55

Known as:PK NS 55; Pelliot Koutchéen Nouvelle Série 55
Cite this page as:Georges-Jean Pinault. "PK NS 55". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-pkns55 (accessed 17 May 2026).

Edition

Editor:Georges-Jean Pinault
Date of online publication:2012-02

Provenience

Main find spot:Unknown
Collection:Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris)

Language and Script

Language:TB
Linguistic stage:late
Script:classical

Text contents

Title of the work:Dhūtaguṇa
Text genre:Literary
Text subgenre:Doctrine
Verse/Prose:prose; verse
Meter:43434 (4x)

Object

Material: ink on paper
Form:Poṭhī
Size (h × w):6.6 × 20.2 cm
Number of lines:4
Interline spacing:1.6 cm

Transliteration

lfillegible
a1(–) ṇya kaṃ ñe dhu ta gūṃ pa ñä kte ka ṣṣiṃ tse ā rt[o]¯ ¯s̝ e ṅku tā ka su ṅke po staṃ [ñ](·) ///
a2kaṃ ñ[e] śma śā n[i] kaṃ ñe sa wa rñai śa kta ○ rya dhu ta gu ṇnta ne ka rts(·) ///
a3ṅkā rne || kuse cai ltū we ṣo sta meṃ ma mrau ○ ska¯ ¯s̝ ce¯ ¯u pa lsko sa ///
a4rwa yke po staṃ ṣe¯ ¯k wi kṣe ñcaṃ : tau rmeṃ kutsā reṃ wa stsye ṅko[¯] [¯ṣ] (–) (·)ṣ(·) śwā tsi stā m[ñ]o (–) – ///
b1(–) [ma] stra yai ku ṣpa ne tse tsa mu ne te wa rka¯ ¯l wī ya ma (– – –) ṅkte ā ksa lñ(·) ///
b2ṅku ka lmi sa pi lko spe lkka śau¯ ¯l śai lñe ○ ka lmi s(·) me o mpa lsko ///
b3stwe¯ ¯r ke¯ ¯t tsme ma ne kre ntau na mu ske ma ○ [n]e yo laiṃ ñe ṣe¯ ¯k so mo(·) (·)[ñ](·) ///
b4[ñca] ñ[ä] saṃ va rṣṣe cme la mpe rṣai : śī lne stmo [ṣo] a sta reṃ yo lai ññe sa pro ska ri [l](·)[e] ///

Transcription

lfillegible
*(ā)¬
a1¬(ra)ṇyakäṃñe dhutagūṃ pañäkte käṣṣiṃtse ārtoṣ eṅku tāka su ṅke postaṃñ(e) /// (āraṇya)¬
a2¬käṃñe śmaśānikäṃñesa warñai śak tärya dhutaguṇntane karts(e) (yairu) /// (śānaśra)¬
a3¬ṅkārnen1
1akuse cai ltūweṣ ostameṃ ; mamrauskaṣ ceu palskosa ; ///
Xx; (po) (wänta)a4rwa yke postäṃ ; ṣek wikṣeñcaṃ :
Xxtaurmeṃ kutsāreṃ wastsy eṅkoṣ ; (yāṣ)ṣ(u) śwātsi stām ño(r) – ; ///
Xxb1 (ya)masträ ; yaiku ṣpane tsetsamu ; nete warkṣäl
Xx yama(lñen=) (epi)ṅkte ; āksalñ(e) ///
Xx(e)b2ṅku kalmisa ; pilko spelkka-śaul śailñe ; kalmis= (ī)me
Xxompalsko(ññe) (lamalñe) /// (iṅkauṃ) (kä)b3stwer
Xxket tsmemane krentauna ; muskemane yolaiṃñe ; ṣek somo(tk)ñ(e)
Xx/// (rittäṣṣe)b4ñcañ{†ä}n2n3 saṃvarṣṣe ; cmelamp= erṣai :
Xxśīlne stmoṣo astareṃ ; yolaiññesa prosk= aril(ñ)e ///

Translation

a1(The one who) has taken the Dhūtaguṇa consisting of dwelling in the forest, chosen by the Buddha lord, the teacher,
a1this one now finally ...
a1+having been well trained in the thirteen Dhūtaguṇas, beginning with (the dwelling in the forest and) the frequentation of cemeteries ...
a2+In the (Śānaśra)ṅkār [tune].
a3These who had left the house, having felt repulsion (for the world), by this thought, ... the ones avoiding bit by bit [and] constantly (all obj)ects ; having taken the yellow-reddish (?) garment from dust [heaps], the meal of alms, (sitting) under a tree, ...
a4+... he does ..., having driven away the sleep, having caused the force [and] energy to grow , ...
b1the awakening between the two deeds, ...
b1+... having taken the correct view, the living of a live of effort, the correct consciousness, (the sitting in) meditation... by whom (day and) night the virtues [are] being increased, the evil [is] being perished, always likewise ...
b3+... (joining) [their] enthusiasm [i.e., devoutness] with the birth characterized by restraint; remaining in the pure good behavior, the giving up of the fear of evil ...

Commentary

Linguistic commentary

*The language is not consistent and shows several incorrect or late forms.
n1In this translation it has been decided to take ltuweṣ as a predicate without copula; alternatively, it is possible to take the phrase as referring to religious mendicants: “These religious mendicants, having felt repulsion ...”.
n2In the final words, note the sandhi of proskai + arilñe, a late form for arälñe ‘cessation’, verbal noun of the verb ār(ā)- ‘to cease’, based on the subjunctive I of the ‘Antigrundverb’, inf. ārtsi. In the same line, preceding pāda, cmelampa is perlative plural and constructed with rittā- ‘to join, associate’. This plural may be taken as miswritten for the singular camelmpa (by blurring with the verse form cmelmpa), since the preceding adjective is obl. masc. singular; alternatively, the plural may have been intentional, and saṃvarṣṣeṃ, with obl. plural masculine, should be restored, instead of the feminine saṃvarṣṣana, metri causa. The PPt stmoṣo shows o-mobile inside a colon, which is an unusual position.

Philological commentary

*From a3 onwards, the text is in verse (meter 4 x 18, rhythm 7/7/4). The name of the meter is found also in THT 78: b5.
*This text mentions thirteen kinds of dhūtaguṇas, i.e. ascetic practices. For lists of those, cf. Edgerton 1953: 286 and Dantinne 1991. Here we find both loan words derived from the Sanskrit terms and adaptations in TB:
*
  • āraṇyakäṃñe (a1), cf. Skt. āraṇyaka- ‘dwelling in the forest’.
  • śmaśānikäṃñe (a2), cf. Skt. śmāśānika- ‘frequenting cemeteries’.
  • taurmeṃ kutsāreṃ wastsi (a4), cf. Skt. pāṃśukūlika- ‘one who wears refuse rags’, i.e. from dust heaps in order make garments from them. Probably, the adjective kutsāre corresponds to Skt. kāṣāya- ‘yellow-reddish’, the color of the monks’ robe.
  • yāṣṣu śwātsi (a4), cf. Skt. piṇḍapātika- ‘one who lives on alms food’.
  • stām ñor (a4), cf. Skt. vṛkṣamūlika- ‘living at the root of a tree’.
n3The last colon of line b4 has eight syllables unless one assumes colon break between sandhi.

Remarks

*Some remnants of the leaf number are still visible in the left margin on the verso.

References

other

Couvreur 1955: 114