yāmär

Cite this page as:	"yāmär". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_A_yāmär (accessed 25 Jan. 2026).
Meaning:	“to do”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TA
Equivalent in TB:	yām-
Lexeme variants:	yāmär; yāmrä
Person:	third
Number:	plural
Tense/Mood:	preterite
Root character:	non-a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-full
Stem:	preterite
Stem class:	3
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1	yāmwā			yāmtse
2	yāmäṣt				yāmtsāc
3	yāmäs	yāmär, yāmr-äṃ		yāmtsāt, yāmtsāt-äm	yāmtsānt, yāmtsāṃt-äṃ

Lexeme family

• yām-
  • yām- “to do” gv
    • yām- “to do” gv.subj2

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	yāmim, yāmam	yāmimäs	yāmimār, yāmmār, yāmmār-äṃ
      2	yāmit, yāmät		yāmitār
      3	yāmiṣ, yāmäṣ	yāmeñc, yāme	yāmitär, yāmtär	yāmintär, yāmantär, yāmmaṃtr-äm

      • yāmlune “doing” abstr.n.subj2

        	sg	pl
        nom	yāmlune	yāmluneyntu
        acc	yāmlune	yāmluneyntu
        gen	yāmluneyis
        loc	yāmluneyaṃ
        inst	yāmluneyo
        abl	yāmluneyäṣ
        perl	yāmluneyā

        • yāmluneṣi “pertaining to doing” subj2

          	sg.m
          acc	yāmluneṣiṃ

      • yāmäl “to do” part.subj2

        	sg.m
        nom	yāmäl
        acc	yāmläṃ
        loc	yāmlaṃ

    • yām- “to do” gv.pret0

      	sg.mid
      1	yāmwe
      2	yāmte

    • yām- “to do” gv.pret3

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	yāmwā		yāmtse
      2	yāmäṣt			yāmtsāc
      3	yāmäs	yāmär, yāmr-äṃ	yāmtsāt, yāmtsāt-äm	yāmtsānt, yāmtsāṃt-äṃ

    • yām- “to do” gv.imp3

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      2	pyām, pyām-ñi, pyāmā-ṃ, pyāmā-m	pyāmäs, pyāms-äṃ	pyāmtsār	pyāmtsāc

    • yām- “to do” gv.pret4
      • yāmu “having done” part.pret4

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	yāmu, yāmunt	yāmus, yāmunt	yāmuṣ, yāmunt	yāmunt
        acc	yāmunt	yāmunt	yāmuñcäs, yāmunt	yāmunt
        gen	yāmuntāp
        loc	yāmuntaṃ

        • yāmur “having done” abstr.pret4

          	sg
          nom	yāmur
          acc	yāmur
          abl	yāmuräṣ
          perl	yāmurā

Occurrences

yāmär

1	A 63 a1	; (kā)swac cam ;	yāmär	pākär ; oṅk ñomyo
2	A 63 b3	sam wāluneyo ypeyis pāṣlune	yāmär	॥ wärṣämpeknaṃ ॥ b4
3	A 217 a7	klopaṃ śkaṃ ñi ;	yāmär	spaktāṃ ; tuṅkyo cem
4	A 287 and 259 b1	; (wikässi) (:) (pākraśi)	(yāmär)	; (kräntsāṃ) (opṣäly) ;

yāmrä

1	A 15 b6	ārtant pālant puṇyavāni abhiṣe(k)	yāmrä	cam ypeyaṃ lāṃt yāmtsāṃt-äṃ
2	A 395 b5	॥ letkār ketuntwac ;	yāmrä	wināṣlne 1σ ; o{täk→kät}
3	A 395 b5	grahantwac ; tämne-k nuna-k	yāmrä	• lyukrā {nā}pak ;