āyim

Cite this page as:	"āyim". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_A_āyim (accessed 19 Jan. 2026).
Meaning:	“to give”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TA
Equivalent in TB:	ai-
Lexeme variants:	āyim
Person:	first
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	optative
Root character:	non-a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-full
Stem:	subjunctive
Stem class:	1-2
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1	āyim, āyim-äṃ, em, em-ci, em-äm	āyimäs
2	āyit, āyit-äm, et, et-ñi
3	āyiṣ, eṣ	āyeñc

Lexeme family

• e-
  • e- “to give” gv
    • e- “to give” gv.prs8

      	sg.act	pl.act
      1	esam, esam-ci
      2	eṣt
      3	eṣā, eṣ, eṣ-äk, eṣṣ-äṃ, eṣṣ-äm	eṣār, eseñc

      • eṣant “giving” ptcp.prs8

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	eṣant	eṣant
        acc			eṣäntās	eṣäntās
        gen	eṣäntāp	eṣäntāp
        abl	eṣäntānäṣ	eṣäntānäṣ

      • eṣäl “having to give, to be given” part.prs8

        	sg.m	sg.f
        nom	eṣäl
        acc		eṣlyāṃ
        all	eṣlac

      • esmāṃ “being given” part.prs8

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	esmāṃ	esmāṃ	esmāṃ	esmāṃ
        acc	esmāṃ	esmāṃ	esmāṃ	esmāṃ

      • essi “to give” inf.n.prs8

        	sg
        nom	essi, essi-k
        acc	essi, essi-k

    • e- “to give” gv.subj1/2

      	sg.act	pl.act
      1	āyim, āyim-äṃ, em, em-ci, em-äm	āyimäs
      2	āyit, āyit-äm, et, et-ñi
      3	āyiṣ, eṣ	āyeñc

      • el “to give” part.subj1/2

        	sg.f
        nom	elyi

      • elune “to give” abstr.n.subj1/2

        	sg
        nom	elune
        acc	elune
        loc	eluneyaṃ
        inst	eluneyo
        abl	elūneyäṣ
        perl	eluneyā

Occurrences

āyim

1	A 8 a2	cami ṣñi amok lkātsi	āyim	tmäṣ pekant ymā(r) (ymā)a3r
2	A 88 a5	bo a5 /// tāk·āy	āyim	• a6 /// b2
3	A 215 a3	; päñ känt tñ=	āyim	; tināräs : 1
4	YQ I.6 b2	; päñ känt tñ=	āyim	; tināräs : 1