klāyaṃ

Cite this page as:	"klāyaṃ". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_klāyaṃ (accessed 19 Feb. 2026).
Meaning:	“to fall”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TB
Equivalent in TA:	klāwā-
Lexeme variants:	klāyaṃ; klayaṃ; klāyä
Person:	third
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	subjunctive
Root character:	a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-full
Stem:	subjunctive
Stem class:	5
Valency:	intransitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1
2	klāyat
3	klāyoy, klāyaṃ	klāyoyeṃ

Lexeme family

• klāyā-
  • klāyā- “to fall” gv
    • klāyā- “to fall” gv.prs4

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	kloyomar
      3	kloyotär	kloyontär

      • kloyomane “falling” part.prs4

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	kloyomane	kloyomane	kloyomane	kloyomane
        acc	kloyomane	kloyomane	kloyomane	kloyomane

    • klāyā- “to fall” gv.subj5

      	sg.act	pl.act
      2	klāyat
      3	klāyoy, klāyaṃ	klāyoyeṃ

      • klāyalñe “to fall” abstr.n.subj5

        	sg
        nom	klāyalñe
        acc	klāyalñe

    • klāyā- “to fall” gv.pret1

      	sg.act	pl.act	pl.mid
      1	klayāwa
      3	klāya	klayāre	klayānte

      • kaklāyau “having fallen” part.pret1

        	sg.m	pl.m
        nom	kaklāyaṣ, kaklāyau	kaklāyaṣ
        acc	kaklāyaṣ	kaklāyaṣäṃ, kaklāyaṣ

Occurrences

klāyä

1

IOL Toch 2 b3

/// ; (ra)mtä kāre;ne

klāyä

; kwri auswa nno

klāyaṃ

1	PK DA M 507.37 and .36 a92	a92 tesa mante pauśye	klāyaṃ	·au /// a93 nte
2	THT 21 b6	ka ṣp ; sañi	klāyaṃ	; 3σ /// ///

klayaṃ

1

THT 135 a2

a2 ste wrottse ceumeṃ

klayaṃ

; kätkre kloyo° ///