THT 21

Known as:	THT 21; B 21
Cite this page as:	Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 21". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht21 (accessed 11 May 2026).
Edition
Editor:	Hannes A. Fellner
Provenience
Main find spot:	Sengim
Expedition code:	T III S 79.28, T III S 90.7
Collection:	Berlin Turfan Collection
Language and Script
Language:	TB
Linguistic stage:	classical
Add. linguistic characteristics:	late
Script:	classical
Text contents
Title of the work:	Udānālaṅkāra
Passage:	Book 9 (Karmavarga), strophes 50-63.
Text genre:	Literary
Text subgenre:	Doctrine
Verse/Prose:	verse
Meter:	543 (4x)
Object
Manuscript:	Udānālaṅkāra B
Following fragment:	THT 22
Material:	ink on paper
Form:	Poṭhī
Number of lines:	8

Transliteration

a1	/// kce pu dñä [k]te [:] y[o] l[o] me· ā ltsi śkre ntau [na] /// /// ¯t^• cw[i]¯ ¯k śa wā ñcai lñe
a2	/// ·kṣā me kuce tne wno lmi ya ma nta¯ ¯r^• kre¯ ¯nt [yo] /// /// ai lñe śū waṃ cme la ne
a3	/// ta¯ ¯r mā lle ko 50-1 na nwā lye¯ ¯k pre ke ka rtsai /// /// mñe [:] wa lo mā ga tṣe a
a4	/// – laiṃ wā ṣmo ntse de va da tti ṣe rtwe ntsa – – /// /// prau tka pe le ne śwā tsi yo
a5	/// s̝pa pai ne kṣu rso mpo staṃ tā rka tsi [:] /// /// ·[au] ṣa ce¯ ¯u wä ntre pra saṃ na
a6	/// a jā ta śa truṃ śce¯ ¯u • tu ypa rwe śe mo mā ga ta ṣ·e /// /// 50 4 ta rya lkwa rwa śe¯ ¯m pra
a7	/// re tke ṣā lla kau sa lṣe¯ ¯ts ra skr[e] krā sa tu pra /// /// s[t]i ṅke e ṅ[ta] rsū 50 5
a8	/// [:] sū śe¯ ¯m lā nta – lā[¯] [¯nt] ka kā te wai pe /// /// yā meṃ spa
b1	/// k·¯ ¯ś ya sa wa – – – [nta] : o r· cc[e] t[i] /// /// snai ke¯ ¯ś
b2	/// – [7] lyu wa¯ ¯s̝ pa rkā saṃ wa lo śtwā ra ka lymi nt[s]a (–) /// /// [ma] ne ne kts[ai] tsñ· so stmeṃ
b3	/// – ly[au] ce mpā lo ka lymi 50 8 pa dma ke sa rñe[¯] [¯m] /// /// [pra] saṃ na ke wa lo sū : po
b4	/// ceṃ ywa rśkā ññeṃ : ā nte ne sta mṣlyi ku[s]e /// /// [tru] wa lo o lypo tse : ṣa mā
b5	/// nta rwe tā ntse : pa kwā reṃ mpa nau¯ ¯s̝ /// /// ·s·¯ ¯k mai yyo kulā ta rme 60
b6	/// – lā lo¯ ¯s̝ • yä kte ske yeṃ ka¯ ¯s̝p sa ñi klā [yaṃ] /// /// [tru] sū : re tke mpo ro cce va
b7	/// [ke] mā ga ta ṣṣe lā¯ ¯nt wra ntsai : w[i] tā rā lyau – /// /// mā ga tṣṣe : śā nmya ne
b8	/// – – – dñä kte l[k]ā tsi pra saṃ na ke wa lo śe[¯] [¯m] [•] [ma] /// /// ñi po yśe ñcai sāṃ e mpe

(continues on THT 22)

Transcription

50a	5σ /// ; (weña) (ślo)k ce ; pudñäkte :
50b	yolome(ṃ) āltsiś ; krentauna ; (rittässiś) (:)
50c	/// 9σ /// (yolo) (wa)t
50d	cwik śawāñc= ailñe ; a2n2 n3 7σ /// (50)
51a	(ce) (ślok) (a)kṣā-me ; k_uce tne wnolmi ; yamantär
51b	krent yo(laiṃ) (yāmor) ; /// 7σ
51c	5σ /// ; ailñe śūwaṃ ; cmelane
51d	a3n4 8σ /// °tär ; mā =lleko 50-1
52a	nanw= ālyek preke ; kartsai 5σ
52b	/// /// 11σ °mñe :
52c	walo māgatṣe ; aa4(jātaśat,ru)n5 2σ ///
52d	(yo)laiṃ wāṣmontse ; devadatti ; ṣertwentsa (50-2)
53a	/// 12σ /// (:)
53c	prautka pelene ; śwātsi yoa5(ktsi)n6 n7 ; 3σ /// (karsta) ṣpä paine ; kṣurs= ompostäṃ ; tārkatsi :
53d	/// 12σ /// (50-3)
54a	(kly)auṣa ce_u wäntre ; prasaṃnaa6(ke)n8 n9 ; (walo) (su) (:)
54b	/// 6σ ajāta;śatruṃś ce_u •
54c	tu yparwe śemo ; māgatäṣ(ṣ)e ; (walo) (su) (:)
54d	/// 12σ /// 50-4
55a	tarya lkwarwa śem ; praa7(saṃnake)n10 n11 ; (walo) (su) (:)
55b	(ajātaśatru) ; retke ṣālla ; kausalṣets
55c	räskre krāsa tu ; pra(saṃnakeṃ) ; /// 3σ
55d	5σ /// ; (śrāva)sti ṅke ; eṅtär sū 50-5
56a	a8n12 12σ /// :
56b	sū śem lāntä(śco) ; lānt kakāte ; waipe(cceś)
56c	12σ ///
56d	/// 5σ ; yāmeṃ spab1(ktāṃ)n13 n14 n15 ; 3σ /// (50-6)
57a	3σ (snai) k(e)ś ; yasa wa(sa) ; (ekñi)nta :
57b	or(o)cce ti° 8σ ///
57c	/// 10σ snai keś
57d	b2n16 12σ /// (50-)7
58a	lyuwa ṣ parkāsaṃ ; walo śtwāra ; kälymintsa (:)
58b	/// 12σ ///
58c	(kule)manene ; ktsaitsñ(e)s= ostmeṃ ; b3n17 3σ ///
58d	5σ ; (ā)lyaucemp= ā;lokälymi 50-8
59a	padmakesar ñem ; 7σ ///
59b	/// 5σ ; prasaṃnake ; walo sū :
59c	po b4n18 n19 7σ /// ceṃ ; ywarśkāññeṃ :
59d	āntene stamṣlyi ; k_use 6σ /// (50-9)
60a	/// 2σ (ajāta);(śa)tru walo ; olypotse :
60b	ṣamāb5(ni)n20 n21 6σ /// °ntär ; wetāntse :
60c	pakwāreṃmpa nauṣ ; 7σ ///
60d	/// 5σ ; (att)s(ai)k maiyyo ; k_ulātär-me 60
61a	b6n22 9σ /// ; (la)lāloṣ •
61b	yäkte-skeyeṃ ka ṣp ; sañi klāyaṃ ; 3σ ///
61c	/// 6σ (ajāta);(śa)tru sū :
61d	retkemp= orocce ; {v→w}ab7(lo)n23 5σ /// (60-1)
62a	(śem) (prasaṃna)ke ; māgatäṣṣe ; lānt wrantsai :
62b	witār= ālyau(ce) ; 7σ ///
62c	/// 9σ ; māgatṣṣe :
62d	śānmya-ne b8n24 9σ /// (60-2)
63a	(pu)dñäkte lkātsi ; prasaṃnake ; walo śem •
63b	mä° 11σ ///
63c	/// 4σ ñi ; poyśeñcai sāṃ ; empe (le) (:)

(continues on THT 22)

Translation

a1	... this (stro)phe the Buddha (spoke), to keep [the beings] from evil [and] (to tie) [them] (to) the virtues. [50b] ...
a1	... or (evil),
a1+	of just this [he is] consuming the [inherited] part
a2	[50d]
a2	(This strophe) he proclaimed to them.
a2	What the beings will do here, good [and] evil deed ... the [inherited] part [of it] they will consume in the births.
a2+	... not another one.
a3	[51d]
a3	At again another time good ...
a3+	The king of Magadha, A(jātaśatru), ... through instigation [by his] bad friend Devadatta.
a4	[52d]
a4	... he locked [him] into prison.
a4+	Food [and] drink
a5	... and (cut) [his] feet (off) with a knife.
a5	After that (he ordered?) to release (him) ...
a5	(53d).
a5+	Of this matter Prasannake (the king) heard.
a6	... to the Ajātaśatru.
a6	Thereupon the (king?) of Magadha ...
a6	[54d]
a6+	Three times Pra(sannaka) came
a7	... (Ajātaśatru) threw the army of the Kausalas.
a7	This very much annoyed the Pra(sannaka) ...
a7	“he will, after all, take Śrāvastī”.
a7	[55d]
a8	... This one came (to the) king
a8	and invited the king to [his] possessions ...
a8+	will do service ...
b1	[56d]
b1	... (without) number he gave gold and (possessions),
b1	great ...
b1	... without number
b2	... [57d]
b2	And the king sent an explanation to the four regions of the world ...
b2+	... when by age he (is prevented), from the house ...
b3	... with one another, directed in a single direction.
b3	[58d]
b3	Padmakesara by name, (the military leader) ...
b3	the king Prasannaka.
b3+	All ... these as one in the middle.
b4	To the front [are] to be put those, that ...
b4	[59d]
b4	... (Ajātaśa)tru, the king, very much.
b4+	Monks ... of the fight.
b5	With the bad ones first ...
b5	... their power will recede completely.
b5	[60d]
b5+	... having exterted themselves with little effort the enemies will fall ...
b6	... the (Ajātaśa)tru.
b6+	With a great army the king ...
b7	[61d]
b7	(Prasanna)ka (moved) against the king of Magadha.
b7	They fought each other ...
b7	(and taken captive, the king) of Magadha.
b7+	He bound him ....
b8	He bound him
b8	To see the Buddha, the king Prasannaka went ...
b8	(“Caught was?) by me, o Omniscient, the terrible enemy.

(continues on THT 22)

Other

a2	Was die Wesen hier tun, gute [und] bö(se Tat), ... das [Erb]teil [davon] werden sie in den Geburten verzehren. (Schmidt 1974: 443)
a7	... (Ajātaśatru) warf das Heer der Kausalas. Sehr verdross das den Par(sannaka). (Schmidt 1974: 166)
a8	Er kam (zum) König [und] bot dem König [seinen] Besitz an. (Schmidt 1974: 382)

Commentary

Parallel texts

*	Uv 9.8

Philological commentary

*	Includes strophes 50 – 63 of the Karmavarga (IX) in a 4x12 syllable-metre (rhythm = 5/4/3). Between the two fragments on average 12-16 syllables are missing, while the top of the leaf, containing about 6-10 syllables is lost entirely.
n1	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 1.
n5	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 6.
n7	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 8.
n9	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 11.
n11	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 13 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 179.
n14	The reading orocce ti might be read as orocce to according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 18.
n15	Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51 fn. 16 and 17.
n17	Addition according to Sieg and Siegling 1949: II, 35 fn. 10.
n19	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 52 fn. 3.
n21	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 52 fn. 5.
n22	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 52 fn. 7.
n23	Addition according to Sieg and Siegling 1949: II, 35.
n24	Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 52 fn. 11.

Remarks

*	The original manuscript is missing, but consisted of two non-continuous fragments, one being a piece from the centre of the leaf, beginning at the schnurloch, the other a remnant of the leaf's right side.

Linguistic commentary

n2	For śawāñc= ailñe and ailñe śūwaṃ rendering Skt. dāyāda- "eating/consuming heritage" > "suffering the bad consequences of bad deeds", see Hackstein 2015a.
n3	tne for tane.
n4	alleko for allek; māgatṣe for māgatäṣṣe.
n6	tārkatsi for tarkatsi; ceu for cau; wäntre for wäntare.
n8	lkwarwa for lykwarwa.
n10	kausalṣets for kausalṣents; eṅtär for eṅktär.
n12	lāntäśco for lāntäśc.
n13	ekñinta for ekaññiññenta.
n16	ktsaitsñesa for ktsaitstsäññesa.
n18	stamṣlyi for stamäṣṣälyi; olypotse for olyapotstse.
n20	māgatṣṣe for māgatäṣṣe.

References

Online access

IDP: THT 21; TITUS: THT 21

Edition

Sieg and Siegling 1949: I, 36-37; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 51-52 notes 178-179; Hackstein et al. 2015: 63-81; Tamai 2011a: 97-98

Translations

Carling 2000: a2 (244), a4 (165), a8 (235), b2 (106), b4 (88); Hackstein 1995: a1 (214), a6 (305), a7 (223), b6 (221); Hackstein et al. 2015: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (63-81); Krause 1952: a7 (29); Schmidt 1974: a2 (443), a7 (166), a8 (382); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 34-35); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a8 (179); Thomas 1954: a1 (751), b8 (715); Thomas 1957: a4 (114), a5 (114), a6 (60, 114, 192), a7 (114), a8 (114), b1 (194), b2 (114), b7 (115), b8 (115); Thomas 1979b: a2 (25); Thomas 1997: b8 (83)

THT 21

Edition

Provenience

Language and Script

Text contents

Object

Transliteration

Transcription

Translation

Other

Commentary

Parallel texts

Philological commentary

Remarks

Linguistic commentary

References

Online access

Edition

Translations