keltsa

Cite this page as:	"keltsa". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_keltsa (accessed 19 Jan. 2026).
Meaning:	“to bear, endure, suffer”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TB
Equivalent in TA:	käl-
Lexeme variants:	keltsa; kelts=
Person:	third
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	preterite
Root character:	non-a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-schwa
Stem:	preterite
Stem class:	3
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1				kälsāmai
2	kelasta
3	keltsa

Lexeme family

• käl-
  • käl- “to bear, endure, suffer” gv
    • kälṣamo “enduring”

      	sg.m
      nom	kälṣamo

      • kälṣamñe “endurance, patience” msg

        	sg
        nom	kälṣamñe
        acc	kälṣamñe
        loc	kälṣamñene
        perl	kälṣamñesa

        • kälṣamñeṣṣe “pertaining to endurance, patience”

          	sg.m	sg.f
          nom	kälṣamñeṣṣe
          acc	kälṣamñeṣṣe	kälṣamñeṣṣai

    • käl- “to bear, endure, suffer” gv.prs8

      	sg.act	pl.act
      3	kälṣäṃ	kälseṃ

    • käl- “to bear, endure, suffer” gv.subj1

      	sg.act	sg.mid
      1	kelu
      3		kaltär

      • kaltsi “to bear, endure, suffer” inf.n.subj1

        	sg
        nom	kaltsi

      • ekältte “to bear, endure, suffer” priv.subj1

        	sg.m
        nom	ekältte

    • käl- “to bear, endure, suffer” gv.pret3

      	sg.act	sg.mid
      1		kälsāmai
      2	kelasta
      3	keltsa

    • käl- “to bear, endure, suffer” gv.imp3

      	sg.act
      2	pkel

Occurrences

kelts=

1

THT 220 a1

• tary= āsaṃkhy(ai)nta ;

kelts=

empelona ; läklenta •

keltsa

1	THT 235 a4	pāl· – – lareṃ śaul	keltsa	sū 10-7 ylaṃ ///
2	THT 235 b2	ainake ska – – māka	keltsa	erkatñe : kaccā ///