paṣṣīmar

Cite this page as:	"paṣṣīmar". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_B_paṣṣīmar (accessed 20 Apr. 2026).
Meaning:	“to protect, to observe (rules), practice”; “beware of”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TB
Equivalent in TA:	pās-
Lexeme variants:	paṣṣīmar
Person:	first
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	optative
Root character:	non-a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-full
Stem:	subjunctive
Stem class:	2
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	middle

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1		pāskem		paṣṣīmar
2					paṣṣītär
3				paṣṣītär, pāṣtär	paṣṣīyentär

Lexeme family

• pāsk-
  • pāsk- “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” gv
    • pāsk- “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” gv.prs2

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	paskemar	paskemntär
      3		paskentär, paskentär-c

      • paṣṣeñca “protecting, observing (rules), practicing” “being beware of” ptcp.prs2

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	paṣṣeñca	paṣṣeñca	paṣṣeñcañ	paṣṣeñcañ

      • paṣṣalle “protecting” part.prs2

        	sg.m	pl.m
        nom	paṣṣalle	paṣṣalyi

    • pāsk- “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” gv.subj2

      	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	pāskem	paṣṣīmar
      2			paṣṣītär
      3		paṣṣītär, pāṣtär	paṣṣīyentär

      • paṣṣalñe “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” abstr.n.subj2

        	sg
        nom	paṣṣalñe
        acc	paṣṣalñe

      • pāṣtsi “protection, to protect” inf.n.subj2

        	sg
        nom	pāṣtsi
        acc	pāṣtsi
        gen	pāssintse

      • apāṣṣätte “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” priv.subj2

        	sg.m
        nom	apāṣṣätte

    • pāsk- “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” gv.pret1

      	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1	paṣṣāmai
      2	paṣṣatai
      3		paṣṣānte

      • papāṣṣu “having been protected/practiced” part.pret1

        	sg.m	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	papāṣṣoṣ, papāṣṣu	papāṣṣoṣ	papāṣwa
        acc	papāṣṣoṣ	papāṣṣoṣ	papāṣwa
        gen		papāṣṣoṣäṃts

        • papāṣṣorñe “moral behavior” msg.pret1

          	sg
          nom	papāṣṣorñe
          acc	papāṣṣorñe
          gen	papāṣṣorñentse
          loc	papāṣṣorñene
          perl	papāṣṣorñesa

          • papāṣṣorñeṣṣe “pertaining moral behavior” pret1

            	sg.m	pl.m
            nom	papāṣṣorñeṣṣe
            acc	papāṣṣorñeṣṣe	papāṣṣorñeṣṣeṃ

    • pāsk- “to protect, to observe (rules), practice” “beware of” gv.imp1

      	pl.mid
      2	pāṣṣat

Occurrences

paṣṣīmar

1	IOL Toch 307 a3	: śaultsa auṣap ;	paṣṣīmar	; śīlaṣṣana ; sälyaino
2	PK NS 27 b2	– – ññes= āk ;	paṣṣīm(a)r{†ä}	; /// 11σ (mā)
3	PK NS 28 a3	; ytāri tāu ;	paṣṣīmar	(ñi)ś ; kā(rpäṣṣim) ;