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YQ I.8

Known as:YQ I.8; YQ 1.3
Cite this page as:"YQ I.8". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-yqi8 (accessed 19 Feb. 2025).

Provenience

Main find spot:Qigexing
Collection:Xinjiang Museum (Ürümchi)

Language and Script

Language:TA
Script:classical

Text contents

Title of the work:Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka
Passage:Act 1.8
Text genre:Literary
Text subgenre:Drama
Verse/Prose:prose; verse
Meter:5555 (1x), 444343 (1x), 55 (1x), 4443 (1x)

Object

Manuscript:Yanqi
Material: ink on paper
Form:Poṭhī
Number of lines:8

Images

Transliteration

a1/// [pu] [rṇa] bha dre ñka tka lnmāṃ mla ṅkmāṃ ye twe
a2/// stu ṣi ra¯ ¯śä lya lyu ku ra¯ ¯s̝ bā dha riṃ brā mna¯ ¯cä
a3/// [mā] [mrā]¯ ¯cä knā na¯ ¯s̝ mā pe nu mrā ci¯ ¯s klā lu ne knā na¯ ¯s̝
a4/// ta mne we || ta mka klyu ṣu ra¯ ¯s̝ bā dha ri brā hmaṃ tsā tsa rwu
a5/// – ¯s̝ ku snu tṣaṃ ma lka rteṃ mrā¯ ¯cä knā na¯ ¯s̝ ku spa tnu mrā cä¯ ¯s̝ klā lu ne knā
a6/// [pkā] swo ne ytu yne śśo ki śa śmu ra¯ ¯s̝ || de va da tte naṃ || ṣñi knā nmu ne yo va jrā
a7/// [wra] mpu kka rsnā ntāṃ yo ma¯ ¯s ku sne knā nmu ne ka lpo ño¯ ¯m klyu pu¯ ¯k knā nmāṃ : ñä
a8/// [kn]ā na¯ ¯s̝ mrā cä ṣpe nu le tlu ne : 1 || tma¯ ¯s̝ bā dha ri brā hmaṃ ptā ñka tka ṣyā¯ ¯p ño¯ ¯m
b1/// [yo] ypi¯ ¯cä o ki a kma lyo ta mpe wā tsaṃ kā cke yo nmo sāṃ ka pśa ñi sma kko rto
b2/// [m]ma lka rteṃ ptā ñkä¯ ¯t ño mke ne nä¯ ¯s̝ ño¯ ¯m klyo ṣlu ne yo kle śā ṣiṃ ā wa ra nyo kli
b3/// – ptā ñka tta¯ ¯ts wā wru¯ ¯nt lkā¯ ¯m || pu rṇa bha dre traka¯ ¯s̝ kucä¯ ¯s̝ ñi sa mcä mplu ne
b4/// [ṣñi] ke knu wa ltsu rā we ña mpa klyo¯ ¯s̝ na¯ ¯s̝ hi ma va¯ ¯nt ṣu li ska lyme
b5/// – mnu ri yaṃ ca kkra va rtṣi i kṣvā ku ysa rka¯ ¯s̝ gau ta¯ ¯m ko tra
b6/// [w](·)ā ñ(·)· [t](·)a¯ ¯s̝ ca mi nu lā¯ ¯nt ma hā mā yā lā tsu ne ṣiṃ
b7/// [traṃ] • vi jai mu hu rtaṃ • ta ryā kwe pi la kṣa ṇä syo
b8/// – || he tu pha laṃ || ta mta tmu sa¯ ¯m sne

Transcription

a1n1n2 /// purṇabhadre ñkät kälnmāṃ mläṅkmāṃ yetwe¬
a2(s)n3 /// (o)stu ṣiraś lyalyukuräṣ bādhariṃ brāmnac
a3n4 (träṅkäṣ) /// mrāc knānaṣ penu mrācis klālune knānaṣ
a4/// tämne wetäm kaklyuṣuräṣ bādhari brāhmaṃ tsātsärwu
a5n5n6 /// (träṅkä)ṣ kus nu tṣaṃ mälkärteṃ mrāc knānaṣ kus pat nu mrācäṣ klālune knā¬
a6(naṣ)n6n7 /// (käṣyā)p kāswoneytu yneśś oki śaśmuräṣdevadattenaṃ
1aṣñi knānmuneyo ; vajrāa7(sanā)n8 11σ
1b /// wram ; puk kärsnāntāṃ ; yomäs kus ne ; knānmune ; kälpo ñom-klyu ; puk knānmāṃ :
1cñäa8(ktas)
1d /// knānaṣ ; mrācäṣ penu ; letlune : 1 ॥
*tmäṣ bādhari brāhmaṃ ptāñkät käṣyāp ñom
b1n9n10 /// yo ypic oki akmalyo tampewātsäṃ kāckeyo nmosāṃ kapśañi smakk orto
b2n11 /// (sä)m mälkärteṃ ptāñkät ñom ke ne näṣ ñom klyoṣluneyo kleśāṣiṃ āwaranyo kli¬
b3(soñcäs)n12n13 /// – ptāñkätt ats wāwrunt lkāmpurṇabhadre träṅkäṣ kucäṣ ñi säm cämplune
b4/// ṣñikek nu waltsurā weñam päklyoṣ naṣ himavant ṣulis kälyme¬
b5(yaṃ) /// (tā)m nu riyaṃ cakkravartṣi ikṣvākuy sarkäṣ gautam koträ¬
b6(ṣ) /// w(l)āñ(kä)t (n)aṣ cami nu lānt mahāmāyā lātsuneṣiṃ
b7n14 (ñemi) /// traṃvijai muhurtaṃtaryāk we pi lakṣaṇäsyo
b8n15 /// – ॥ hetuphalaṃ
1atäm tatmu säm ; sne

Translation

a1+... the god Pūrṇabhadra, (looking at) his ornaments (which were) touching each other and made a (pleasant) noise, ... having illuminated the dwellings all around, (comes) to Bādhari the Brahmin
a3... he does not know the ‘top’, nor does he know the ‘falling from the top’
a4... Thus he spoke.
a4+|| Having heard this, Bādhari the Brahmin, consoled ... (he says:)
a5Who is it here, oh noble one, that knows the ‘top’?
a5+Or who knows the ‘falling from the top’?
a6... having placed before his eyes, as it were, the virtues of (the Buddha-god), the teacher, (he says:) || In the Devadatta [tune] ||
a6+(Having seated himself) through his own wisdom on the diamond throne, ... he has attained (the state) of omniscience, having gained fame, the all-knowing one: gods... ... he knows (the ‘top’) and also the ‘falling from the top’.
a81.
a8+|| Thereupon Bādhari the Brahmin, (having heard about) the fame of the Buddha-god the teacher; ... with his face full, as it were, of ..., with mighty joy, a bent body with ... straight (turned) upwards ...
b2+... oh noble one, whose name is Buddha, by the hearing of whose name I see, (among the beings lying) under the burden of Kleśas, ... the Buddha-god awakened indeed.
b3|| Pūrṇabhadra says:
b3+Whence (will) I (have) the ability,
b4... however, I will tell in short. Listen!
b4+There is, (in) the direction of the Himalaya mountains, (on the banks of the Bhāgīrathī river, a lovely and beautiful city named Kapilavastu.)
b5+In this city now (there is) from the lineage of the Cakravartin king Ikṣvāku and the Gautama family ... there is an Indra-god (named Śuddhodana).
b6+For this king, Mahāmāyā, (the jewel) of queenship (gave birth to a son).
b7+... in the hour of Vijaya, (endowed) with the thirty-two marks
b8... || In the Hetuphala [tune] || Just born, this one without (fear)

Other

b4However, I will tell in short. Listen! (cf 57) (Peyrot 2013b: 219)

Commentary

Linguistic commentary

*The commentary is adapted from Ji et al. 1998: 58.
n1mläṅk- is unknown to Ji et al. 1998, but they assume an -n- infix formation of mälk- “to arrange”.
n3Thomas 1991’s reading is incomplete, (o)stu, if correctly identified, seems to be a borrowing of TB ostuwa, plural of TB ost ‘house’, with an adaptation to the pattern of native TA waṣtu: waṣt.
n5mälkärteṃ, cf. Pinault 1993: 161-180.
n6See Thomas 1991: 12: “Zu Zeile a 5: am Zeilenende gewiss zu A knā(na\) – Ji knāna! – zu ergänzen.” But in Ji 1983 the transcription is, line 5: knā, line 6: (na). The parentheses ( ) were arbitrarily taken away by Thomas.
n9smakk orto: Thomas 1991: 14: “den gebeugten Körper gleich[zeitig] nach oben ...” The 19th mark of the 32 marks of the Buddha is TA tsopats kārme kapśiññum (YQ II.5: a2) or tsopats smak kapśño (YQ II.10: b1), which are equivalent to the Skt. compound bṛhad-ṛju-kāyaḥ. Therefore, smak is somehow equal to Skt. ṛju-, which means “straight, right, upright, honest”, in German “gleich”. Thomas translates it first with “gleich[mässig]” and then turns it to “gleich[zeitig]”, which astonishes Ji et al. 1998: 58, who stress the huge difference between the two concepts. For the description of Badhari’s attitude, see MaitrHami 1, 14 b9ff.
n12Thomas 1991: 9 has p[t]āñkatt, while Ji et al. 1998: 58 regard the syllable of ptāñkatt as clear as possible and Thomas' [ ] as superfluous.

Parallel texts

*MaitrHami 1, 14-15

Philological commentary

*(12) Na so muddhaṃ pajānāti, Muddhani muddhapāte vā
*Kuhako so dhanatthiko, Ñāṇam tassa na vijjati ||
*“He knows nothing about head(s). He is a deceitful (man), desiring money. He has no knowledge about head(s) or head-splitting.”
n2This leaf and the following (YQ I.9) are discussed by Pinault 1990 and Thomas 1991. Cf. MaitrHami 1, 14 a11ff (cf. Ji et al. 1998: 18).
n4Cf. MaitrHami 1, 14 a18ff. Compare also the following passage from the Suttanipāta, ch. V. Pārāyanavagga (according to the references given above, section 1.4.5.3.), 1. Vatthugāthā, v. 986-987: “Seeing him terrified and miserable, a deity who desired his welfare going up to Bāvarī spoke these words:”
n7Thomas 1991: 12: ś[ś]aśmuraṣ\. The second [ś] on the original photograph is only a dim shadow; according to Schmidt 1999b: 281, the second ś was deleted intentionally in the original manuscript. devadattenaṃ is a stanza of 20 (5/5/5/5) + 22 (8/7/7) + 10 (5/5) + 15 (8/7) syllables. For the following speech, cf. MaitrHami 1, 14 a28ff.
n8yomas: the sign ma on the original photograph is as clear as possible, but Thomas 1991: 8, n. 11 would prefer pa. The reading is confirmed by the parallel, MaitrHami 1, 14 b2.
n10yo: Thomas 1991: 9, n. 13 remarks that this is missing in Ji's transcription (Ji 1983). Ji et al. 1998: 58 counter that since on the original photograph only less than half of the syllable yo (?) is left, Thomas’ comment is rather too bold.
n11mälkärteṃ. Thomas 1991: 9, note 14: “steht in Ligatur, also nicht mit Ji malkarteṃ”, although his transcription would appear to be the same as Ji 1983 ·malkarteṃ.
n13For the second half of this line, cf. MaitrHami 1, 14 b17ff.
n14Cf. MaitrHami 1, 15 a2-3.
n15hetuphalaṃ: a stanza of 4 x 18 (7/7/4) syllables. The end of this leaf corresponds to MaitrHami 1, 15 a8ff.

Remarks

*This fragment contains part of the first act of the Maitreyasamitināṭaka; an Uy. parallel is MaitrHami I, 14a11-15a8. See also Pinault 1999: 193-4.
*The translation and the following commentary are adapted from Ji et al. 1998: 58.

References

Edition

Ji et al. 1998

Translations

Adams 2012a: a2 (28); Peyrot 2013b: b4 (219)

Bibliography

Adams 2012a

Adams, Douglas Q. 2012a. “Shedding light on *leuk- in Tocharian and Hittite and the wider implications of reconstructing its Indo-European morphology.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 21–55.

Ji 1983

Ji, Xianlin. 1983. “Translations from the Tocharian A (Agnean) Maitreyasamitināṭaka. Four pages (1.3 1/2, 1.3 1/1, 1.9 1/1 1.9 1/2) of the Xinjiang-Museum version.” Dunhuang Tulufan Wenxian Yanjiu Lunji 2: 43–70.

Ji et al. 1998

Ji, Xianlin, Werner Winter, and Georges-Jean Pinault. 1998. Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka of the Xinjiang Museum, China. Transliterated, translated and annotated by Ji Xianlin in collaboration with Werner Winter, Georges-Jean Pinault. TLSM 113. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.

Peyrot 2013b

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Pinault 1990

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1990. “Notes sur les manuscrits de Maitreyasamiti.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 4: 119–202.

Pinault 1993

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1993. “Tokharien A mälkärteṃ et autres mots.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 6: 133–88.

Pinault 1999

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1999. “Restitution du Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka en tokharien A: Bilan provisoire et recherches complémentaires sur l’acte XXVI.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 189–240.

Schmidt 1999b

Schmidt, Klaus T. 1999b. “Review of: Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nāṭaka of the Xinjiang Museum, China.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 8: 277–85.

Thomas 1991

Thomas, Werner. 1991. Zwei weitere Maitreya-Fragmente in Tocharisch A. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVIII. Stuttgart: Steiner.