U 101
| Known as: | U 101; Man.Bil.; U 101.a; U 101.b |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Martin Braun. "U 101". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-u101 (accessed 07 Sep. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Martin Braun |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Murtuk |
| Specific find spot: | Anlage 3 |
| Expedition code: | T III D 260.14, T III D 260.10 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB; Old Turkic |
| Linguistic stage: | late |
| Script: | Manichaean |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Manichaean Bilingual |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Hymn to Mani |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | 4344 (1x), 4343 (1x), 4443 (1x) |
Object | |
| Preceding fragment: | U 100 |
| Following fragment: | U 102 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from turfan.bbaw.de by courtesy of the Digitales Turfan-Archiv at the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Transliteration
(continues from U 100)
| a1 | pydr[m] /// q[ˀng] /// sˀ • ˀˀnyn • twsˀ • ˀˀny·ˀwyzˀ /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | ˀwygˀ ywkwnwrmn • ○ /// yˀy klyšˀnmˀ • ˀˀzt[ˀ] ···[ˀ]tyy n /// |
| a3 | ˀytˀngkˀntyy ○ /// [t] [wy]kˀšynčˀ • tyty[y]syzy[n] myr[ˀ·kˀly·] |
| a4 | syz tˀrqˀrdˀzy ○ /// n šˀnynyy • ˀdgw nyrwˀn twyzlwg • kˀtkw |
| a5 | brygyy bwšyntˀnz • /// kyy bwrχˀn lˀrnyng • m[r]ˀš tˀrnyny ÷÷ |
| lf | yyty ˀwtwz |
| b1 | [ˀ]·syy ˀž /// ryntˀ [ˀˀ]lqwγwnwng ˀyl[tg] /// tˀkyml /// |
| b2 | twsˀ • ˀˀnym • ○ /// [ˀ] ywkwnr mn • wˀynyyšyy wl /// ynčs /// |
| b3 | qwtrwltˀčyy ○ /// k·lˀny··ng • kryn[tp]lskw[š] /// |
| b4 | pˀgryy tˀgww • ○ /// lwg ywl [l]ˀ[ry]ntyn bkyz [b] /// g b /// |
| b5 | [ˀ]wlˀrt·[y]y • ˀ[rt]·q[rˀ]q ˀˀryγ /// |
(continues on U 102)
Transcription
(continues from U 100)
| lf | yiti otuz |
| 2c | (11) a1 pidär-m(ani) ; qang(ım) (mani) (burχan) (•) (12) tusa anın tusa ; anı(ı) üze • (pällāmar) a2 öge yṳkünür mn • |
|---|---|
| 3a | (13) (entse) (warñ)ai ; kleśanma ; azta (ul)atı n(izvani) (•) a3n1 (14) etaṅkä{n→t}te (ko)r ; wīkäṣṣeñca ; tıṭıγsızın birtä(m) kalı(sız) a4 siz tarqarḍačı (•) |
| 3b | (15) (kartse) (nervā)ṃ ; ṣañäññe edgü nirvan tözlüg • (16) kätkau a5 preke ; poyśintaṃts ; (sö)kii burχanlarnıng • |
| 3c | (17) mrāc tarnene ; b1 yuwässi aṣāṃ ; (baš) (tüz) (töpüle)rinte alquγunung ilteg(eli) (siz) tekim(ig) (•) b2 (18) tusa ; anın • /// (pällāmar) (ög)e yṳkünür mn • |
| 4a | (19) vaineyäṣṣe{ṃ} ; w{l→n}(olm)ents(o) ; b3 qutrultačı (tınlıg) oglanınıng • (20) krent pälskoṣṣe{ṃ} ; yo(ñiyanmen) ; b4 |
| 4b | (21) pākri tākau • ; (ädgü köngül)lüg yollarıntın bäkiz b(älgülü)g b(oltı) (•) b5 olyart(s)e • art(o)krak arıg (čahšapatların) |
(continues on U 102)
Translation
(continues from U 100)
| lf | OT: twenty-seven |
|---|---|
| a1 | (11) TB: [...] father M(ani). |
| a1 | OT: [...] (my) father, (Mani-Buddha.) |
| a1 | (12) TB: Therefore, |
| a1 | OT: Thus, |
| a1 | TB: therefore, |
| a1 | OT: [and] in that way |
| a1 | TB: (I praise [you].) |
| a2 | OT: I praise and worship [you]. |
| a2 | (13) TB: (Greed and [all] the other) afflictions |
| a2 | OT: Greed ([and] the other passions) |
| a3 | (14) TB: without restriction ... driving away |
| a3+ | OT: ... you remove completely [and] (without) remainder |
| a4 | (15) TB: (the good nirvāṇa) [is your] nature |
| a4 | OT: good nirvāṇa ... |
| a4+ | (16) TB: Having passed the time of the Omniscients [i.e. Buddhas], |
| a5 | OT: ... of the Buddhas |
| a5+ | (17) TB: on the top of the head to be brought forth [you are] worthy. |
| b1 | OT: on the (crowns of the heads) to be carried you are worthy. |
| b2 | (18) TB: Therefore, |
| b2 | OT: Thus, |
| b2 | TB: (I praise [you].) |
| b2 | OT: I (praise) [and] worship [you]. |
| b2 | (19) TB: The converted ones of the human beings |
| b2+ | OT: The saved ones of the children (of the humans) |
| b3 | (20) TB: from the paths of good thoughts |
| b4 | (21) TB: it has become obvious |
| b4 | (20-21) OT: from the ways (of good thinking it has become manifest) |
| b5 | TB: provided with excellence |
| b5 | OT: extremely pure ... |
(continues on U 102)
Other
| b2+ | (19) OT: of the (ch)ildren of the (human beings) who are saved (Wilkens 2008a: 224) |
|---|---|
| b4 | (20-21) OT: (it has) b(ecome) m(anifes)t from the ways of (good thinking) (Wilkens 2008a: 224) |
| b5 | OT: of the extremely pure (precepts) (Wilkens 2008a: 225) |
Commentary
Remarks
| This fragment has been found in Murtuk, not in Kocho as the expedition siglum “D” suggests (von Le Coq 1923: 33, n. 1; Clark 1982: 145-146). |
Philological commentary
| On the meter, see U 99. | |
| For better comparability of parallels and all variants of transcriptions and translations, all cola in U 99, U 100, U 101, U 102, U 103, and He 1 and 2 are numbered in accordance with Pinault 2008a: 117-118. | |
| For the Tocharian B parts, von Gabain and Winter 1958: 31 has: (11) [...] pidär-m[ani]“[...] Vater Mani —” (12) tu sa tu sa [pällāmar.]“darum, ja darum preise ich.” (13) [Eṅkäl warñ]ai kleśanma“Gier und die anderen Trübungen” (14) etaṅk“ungehindert Besiegender bist du da,” (15) [nerwāṃše ta]ṃ šañiññe“nirvāṇahaft ist deine Art,” (16) kätko preke poyśintaṃs“durchschritten habend die Zeit, von den Buddhas” (17) mrāś tarne ne ā[s]si ašāṃ“auf dem Scheitel getragen zu werden würdig [bist du] —” (18) tu sa [tu sa] (pällāmar) [.]“darum, ja darum preise ich.” (19) Waineyäšše wl[āwš]eṃca“Den Frommen zur Selbsbeherrschung Bringender,” (20) krent-pälskošš[anʼ etariṃmeṃ]“von den Wegen des guten Denkens her” (21) pākri tākowy olyʼ āstre“offenbar werde der sehr reine (oder: der sehr Reine)” | |
| For the Tocharian B parts, Pinault 2008a: 117, 118 has: (11) [...] pidär-mani“[...] o Father Mani,” (12) tusa tusa (pällāmar)“therefore, therefore I praise [you].” (13) (entse warñ)ai kleśanma“of the passions, starting with greed,” (14) etaṅkätte (ko)r wikäṣṣeñca“Driving away the myriad, without being hindered,” (15) (kartse nervā)n ṣañiññe“the good nirvāṇa [is] your own nature,” (16) kätko-preke poyśintans“by the omniscients of past time” (17) mrāś tarnene yuwssi aṣāṃ“[you are] worthy to be brought forth in the top of the head[s];” (18) tusa tusa (pällāmar)“therefore, therefore, I praise [you].” (19) vaineyäṣṣe(ṃ) wl(olm)encsa“(taken) by the converted human beings,” (20) krent-pälskoṣṣe(ṃ) yo(ñiyanmen)“From the paths of good thoughts” (21) pākri tākow olyart(se)“he has appeared obviously as superior.” | |
| For the Old Turkic parts, Clark 1982: 174-175, 188 has: (11) [...] qang[ım Mani burxan.]“[...] is my father, the Prophet Mani.” (12) anın. anı[ı] üze. öge yṳkünür mn.“Thus, and in that way, I praise and worship you.” (13) azta [ul]atıı n[izvani.]“Greed and the other passions” (14) tıṭıγsızın birte[m] keli[r] siz tarqarḍazı [.]“you, who come completely unhindered, will restrain.” (15) edgü nirvan tözlüg.“Having your origin in good nirvāṇa,” (16) [sö]kii burxanlarnıng.“Of former prophets” (17) [baš tüz töpüle]rinte alquγunung iltg[eli siz] tekiml[ig.]“You are worthy to be carried on the flat crowns of the heads” (18) anın. [ög]e yṳkünür mn.“I praise and worship you.” (19) qutrultačıı .../k/leni /ing.“... who will be rescued ...” (20) ////lüg yol-larıntın bkiz b[elgülü]g b[olzun.]“May it be manifest from the ... roads. (21) ạrt[u]qraq arıγ ...“... extremely pure ...” | |
| For the Old Turkic parts, Klimkeit 1989: 220 has: (11) “[...] ist mein Vater, der Buddha Mani,” (12) “Preisend verneige ich mich deshalb.” (14) “Du, der Du ganz ungehindert kommst,” (13) “Entfernst die Gier und die übrigen [Leidenschaften].” (15) “Der Du Deinen Ursprung im guten Nirvāṇa hast,” (16-17) “Bist würdig, auf [dem Scheitel] aller [früheren] Buddhas getragen zu werden.” (18) “[Preisend] verneige ich mich deshalb!” (19-21) “...” | |
| n1 | The spelling ‹ˀyṯˀngkˀnṯyy› for TB etaṅkätteis explained by the text being copied from a Brāhmī original where ‹nte› and ‹tte› can easily be confused (Couvreur 1961a: 100-101, Pinault 2008a: 113). |
Parallel texts
| Lines a1 ff correspond to He 1 and 2 a2 ff. |
References
Edition
von Gabain and Winter 1958 (lines 21-30); Clark 1982 (lines 256-265); Pinault 2008a (lines 11-21)
Translations
Clark 1982: a1-b5 (188); von Gabain and Winter 1958: a1-b5 (31); Klimkeit 1989: a1-b5 (220); Pinault 2008a: a1-b5 (118); Wilkens 2008a: s25 (224), s28 (224), s30 (225)
Bibliography
Clark, Larry V. 1982. “The Manichean Turkic Pothi-Book.” Altorientalische Forschungen, no. 9: 145–218.
Couvreur, Walter. 1961a. “Review of: Türkische Turfantexte IX. Ein Hymnus an den Vater Mani auf ‘Tocharisch’ B mit alttürkischer Übersetzung.” Bibliotheca Orientalis 18 (1-2): 100–102.
Klimkeit, Hans-Joachim. 1989. Hymnen und Gebete der Religion des Lichts. Iranische und türkische liturgische Texte der Manichäer Zentralasiens. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2008a. “Bilingual hymn to Mani: Analysis of the Tocharian B parts.” Studies on the Inner Asian Languages XXIII. Papers in Honour of Professor Takao Moriyasu on His 60th Birthday, 93–120. http://hdl.handle.net/11094/16397.
von Gabain, Annemarie, and Werner Winter. 1958. Türkische Turfantexte IX. Ein Hymnus an den Vater Mani auf “Tocharisch” B mit alttürkischer Übersetzung. Abhandl. d. Deutschen Akad. d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Kl. f. Sprachen, Literatur und Kunst 1956, 2. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
von Le Coq, Albrecht. 1923. Die buddhistische Spätantike in Mittelasien, II. Die Manichäischen Miniaturen. Berlin: Reimer.
Wilkens, Jens. 2008a. “Musings on the Manichaean ‘pothi’ book.” Studies on the Inner Asian Languages 23: 209–31.
