THT 521
| Known as: | THT 521; B 521; Bleistiftnummer 2110 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Melanie Malzahn. "THT 521". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht521 (accessed 14 May 2025). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Melanie Malzahn |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 92.55 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavibhaṅga |
| Passage: | Strophe 23a-26: 1-6a |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | 543 (4x); 554443 (4x) |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// [r]w[a] tsya ma lla ññe : pa lsko śpā lmeṃ ste pa lsko ypa r[we] /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// (·)[ta] yaṃ cme la ne : yā mo rṣe cā ka¯ ¯r ka rsnā ma ne tse /// |
| a3 | /// mo ryā mu śle ks̝pa ka krau pau : kuse sū yā mo rtne pa lsko s· /// |
| a4 | /// [5] kuse no su yā mo rmā yā mu mā ka krau pau : kus(·) su ai tka /// |
| a5 | /// [6] || || ba hu da ntā kne || [ṣ]e mi ksa wno lmi skwa so /// |
| a6 | /// ya kne we ñau ṣe me pa lsko pa klyau ṣso : ta ne ksa ṣe /// |
| a7 | /// (·)[po] stä o nmi sso ñcno ma ske ntra : cai no [o] /// |
| a8 | /// (·)ī ñ[e] nta po a yā to ka l(·) (·)eṃ [:] /// |
| b1 | /// (·)kw(·) [ss]u [p]o s[t]ä la kle wä rpnā tra [:] (–) (·)sū /// |
| b2 | /// [nt]ra kau ce ṅka ske ntra la kle sa : ai ske ma [n](·) /// |
| b3 | /// o nmiṃ ya ma ske ntra ka tke ma ne ma ske ntra : 3 [y](·) /// |
| b4 | /// [k](·) o ro cci tā wpre ścyai ne e kñi ññe sa tsme ntra śa te¯ ¯ñ /// |
| b5 | /// [s]ū se yā mo rste kuce sa o no lmi n[au]¯ ¯s̝ la kle so¯ ¯ñc /// |
| b6 | /// so ñctā kaṃ skwa so ñcpo stä ma ske ntra : ṣe mi [ksa] w[n]o /// |
| b7 | /// stä s̝pa kā tkeṃ tu sa mā o nmi so ñcma ske ntra : ·[ai] /// |
| b8 | /// yśā mna śa teṃ o st[n]e ta nma ske ntra e kñi ññe [s]· /// |
Transcription
| 23a | 5σ /// ; (wänta)rwa(ṃ)ts ya;malläññe : |
|---|---|
| 23b | palsko śpālmeṃ ste ; palsko yparwe ; – – – |
| 23c | /// 12σ |
| 23d | a212σ /// |
| 24a | (tumeṃ) (cwi) (lakle) ; (ompos)tä(ṃ) yaṃ ; cmelane : |
| 24b | yāmorṣe cākär ; kärsnāmane ; tse(ṅketär) |
| 24c | /// 12σ |
| 24d | a312σ /// |
| 25a | (mäksu) (no) (yā)mor ; yāmu śle-k ṣpä ; kakraupau : |
| 25b | kuse sū yāmor tne ; pälsko(sa) – ; – – – |
| 25c | /// 12σ |
| 25d | a4 12σ /// (20-)5 |
| 26a | kuse no su yāmor ; mā yāmu mā ; kakraupau : |
| 26b | kus(e) su aitka(tte) ; /// 7σ |
| 26c | 12σ |
| 26d | a5 12σ /// (20-)6 ॥ |
| * | ॥ bahudantākne ॥ |
|---|
Translation
| a1 | ... the doing of (thi)ngs, [23a] the mind [is] the best, the mind comes first. ... [23b] |
|---|---|
| a2 | ... (Thereupon the suffering) follows him in the rebirths, [24a] the wheel of the deed, the cutting one rise(s up). [24b] ... |
| a3 | ... (But which is the de)ed which has been done and at the same time accumulated? [25a] It is this deed (which has been done) here due (to) the thought of ... |
| a4 | ... [25d] But which is the deed which has not been done and not accumulated? [26a] [It is this deed] which has been done unintention(ally). [26b] ... |
| a5 | ... [26d] || || In [the tune] bahudantāk || Some beings having been hap(py here previously indeed) ... [1a] ... |
| a6 | ... I will tell the way. Listen attentively! [1b] Here so(me beings ... they seize possession. [1c] |
| a6+ | ... (But) afterwards they are full of remorse. [1d] |
| a7 | But these b(eings ... are born in a rich house) ... [2a] ... |
| a8 | ... they obtain the (pos)sessions and everything pleasant. [2b] ... [2c] ... |
| b1 | ... first happy, he feels suffering afterwards. [2d] But (which is the deed by which the beings after having been full of suffering first, afterwards become happy?) [3a] ... |
| b1+ | ... they (begin) to speak loudly, |
| b2 | but they hold on [to it = the gift] even under pain, [3b] while giving the gift ... |
| b3 | ... they do (not) feel remorse, they become joyful. [3d] ... [4a] |
| b4 | ... (when they beco)me great, by that time they grow in possession [and] they (become) rich. [4b] ... |
| b4+ | ... [4c] |
| b5 | That is the deed through which beings (after having been) suffering first (become happy afterwards.) [4d] ... |
| b5+ | ... (But what is the deed through which beings, if they are hap)py first indeed, become happy afterwards? [5a] |
| b6 | Some bein(gs while giving a gift hold on to it being joyful, ... the giving of gift) ... [5b] ... |
| b6+ | ... and (afterw)ards they rejoice because of it |
| b7 | [and] they do not become remorseful. [5c] (Stainle)ss [and] (pure [is] this gift, so pure to obtain a fruit [from it], and the beings rejoice) because of it.) [5d] ... |
| b7+ | ... among humans they are reborn in a rich house (provided) with possession. [6a] |
Other
| a6 | … I will tell the … way, listen with one mind! (cf 17) (Peyrot 2013b: 657) |
|---|---|
| b4 | ... (wenn) sie groß (werden), dann [wtl. zu der Zeit] nehmen sie an Besitz zu [und] (werden) reich. (Schmidt 1974: 115) |
| b6 | (But what is the deed through which beings), if they are happy first, become happy afterwards [too]? (cf 20) (Peyrot 2013b: 327) |
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| Note that om/postäṃ is three times written postä (a7, b1, b6). The anusvāra is missing, because of the ä-dots, since the anusvāra dot it is often missing when there are already two dots on the sign: nevertheless, the spelling with fremdzeichen ‹ta› and ä-dots is strange. |
Parallel texts
| PK AS 7D; PK AS 7E; Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 24-26 (Lévi 1932: 48, 121-122) (until a5); Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 33-34 (Lévi 1932: 65-66, 132-133) (from a5 onwards) |
Philological commentary
| At the beginning, the text can be partly restored with he help of the parallel PK AS 7D, and from line a5 on with the help of the parallel PK AS 7E. | |
| In the first part the meter has 4x12 (5/7) syllables, after stanza 26 in a5 the meter changes to 4 x 25 (5/5/8/7). |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Tamai 2011 | C3 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 324-25; Lévi 1933: 88; Sieg 1938: 14-19
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (403); Hackstein 1995: b2 (223), b4 (136); Meunier 2013: b3 (178); Peyrot 2013b: a6 (657), b6 (327); Schmidt 1974: b4 (115); Thomas 1957: a3 (277), a4 (277); Thomas 1967c: a3 (165); Thomas 1979d: a3 (163)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahākarmavibhaṅga (La grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le Mahā Karmavibhaṅga). Paris: Leroux.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1933. Fragments de textes koutchéens. Udānavarga, Udānastotra, Udānālaṁkāra et Karmavibhaṅga, publiés et traduits avec un vocabulaire et une introduction sur le «tokharien». Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1938. “Die Kutschischen Karmavibhaṅga-Texte der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 65: 1–54.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1967c. “Zu wortverbindendem toch. A śkaṃ/ B ṣpä.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 81: 161–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1979d. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
