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THT 521

Known as:THT 521; B 521; Bleistiftnummer 2110
Cite this page as:Melanie Malzahn. "THT 521". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht521 (accessed 29 Nov. 2023).

Edition

Editor:Melanie Malzahn

Provenience

Main find spot:Šorčuq
Expedition code:T III Š 92.55
Collection:Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW)

Language and Script

Language:TB
Linguistic stage:classical
Script:classical

Text contents

Title of the work:Karmavibhaṅga
Passage:Strophe 23a-26: 1-6a
Text genre:Literary
Text subgenre:Doctrine
Verse/Prose:verse
Meter:M12; M25

Object

Material: ink on paper
Form:Poṭhī
Number of lines:8

Images

Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.

Transliteration

a1/// [r]w[a] tsya ma lla ññe : pa lsko śpā lmeṃ ste pa lsko ypa r[we] ///
a2/// (·)[ta] yaṃ cme la ne : yā mo rṣe cā ka¯ ¯r ka rsnā ma ne tse ///
a3/// mo ryā mu śle kpa ka krau pau : kuse sū yā mo rtne pa lsko s· ///
a4/// [5] kuse no su yā mo rmā yā mu mā ka krau pau : kus(·) su ai tka ///
a5/// [6] || || ba hu da ntā kne || [ṣ]e mi ksa wno lmi skwa so ///
a6/// ya kne we ñau ṣe me pa lsko pa klyau ṣso : ta ne ksa ṣe ///
a7/// (·)[po] stä o nmi sso ñcno ma ske ntra : cai no [o] ///
a8/// (·)ī ñ[e] nta po a yā to ka l(·) (·)eṃ [:] ///
b1/// (·)kw(·) [ss]u [p]o s[t]ä la kle wä rpnā tra [:] (–) (·)sū ///
b2/// [nt]ra kau ce ṅka ske ntra la kle sa : ai ske ma [n](·) ///
b3/// o nmiṃ ya ma ske ntra ka tke ma ne ma ske ntra : 3 [y](·) ///
b4/// [k](·) o ro cci tā wpre ścyai ne e kñi ññe sa tsme ntra śa te¯ ¯ñ ///
b5/// [s]ū se yā mo rste kuce sa o no lmi n[au]¯ ¯s̝ la kle so¯ ¯ñc ///
b6/// so ñctā kaṃ skwa so ñcpo stä ma ske ntra : ṣe mi [ksa] w[n]o ///
b7/// stä s̝pa kā tkeṃ tu sa mā o nmi so ñcma ske ntra : ·[ai] ///
b8/// yśā mna śa teṃ o st[n]e ta nma ske ntra e kñi ññe [s]· ///

Transcription

23a /// ; (wänta)rwa(ṃ)ts ya;malläññe :
23b palsko śpālmeṃ ste ; palsko yparwe ; – – –
23c /// 12σ
23d a212σ ///
24a (tumeṃ) (cwi) (lakle) ; (ompos)tä(ṃ) yaṃ ; cmelane :
24b yāmorṣe cākär ; kärsnāmane ; tse(ṅketär)
24c /// 12σ
24d a312σ ///
25a (mäksu) (no) (yā)mor ; yāmu ślek ṣpä ; kakraupau :
25b kuse yāmor tne ; pälsko(sa) – ; – – –
25c /// 12σ
25d a412σ /// (20-)5
26a kuse no su yāmor ; mā yāmu mā ; kakraupau :
26b kus(e) su aitka(tte) ; ///
26c 12σ
26d a512σ /// (20-)6 ॥
bahudantākne
1a ṣemi ksa wnolmi ; skwaso(ñc) (tne) (nauṣäk) ; (tatākarmeṃ) ; /// 11σ
1b a614σ /// ; yakne weñau ; ṣeme-pälsko ; päklyauṣso :
1c tane ksa ṣe(mi) ; – – – – ; (ekñiññe) (eṅkaskentär) (:)
1d /// a715σ /// (om)postä«ṃ» ; onmissoñc no ; mäskenträ :
2a cai no o(nolmi) ; – – – – – ; (śateṃ) (ostne) ; (tänmaskentär) ; ///
2b a814σ /// ; (ekññ)īñenta ; po ayāto ; käl(pāsk)eṃ :
2c /// 25σ
2d b115σ /// (s)kw(a)ssu ; postä«ṃ» lakle ; wärpnāträ :
3a (mäk)sū (no) (yāmor) ; (kucesa) (onolmi) ; (nauṣ) (läklessoñc) ; (tatākarmeṃ) ; (postäṃ) (skwassoñc) ; (mäskentär) (:)
3b /// b211σ /// (wentsi) (au,naske)nträ kauc ; eṅkaskenträ ; laklesa :
3c aiskeman= (āyor) ; /// 20σ
3d b3 /// (mā) onmiṃ ; yamaskenträ ; katkemane ; mäskenträ : 3
4a y· /// 25σ
4b b4 /// ; (tā)k(aṃ) orocci ; tāw preścyaine ; ekñiññesa ; tsmenträ śateñ ; (mäskentär)
4c /// 25σ b5///
4d se yāmor ste ; kucesa onolmi ; nauṣ läklesoñc ; (tatākarmeṃ) ; (postäṃ) (skwassoñc) ; (mäskenträ)
5a /// b610σ /// ; – – (nauṣäk) ; (skwa)soñc tākaṃ ; skwasoñc postä«ṃ» ; mäskenträ :
5b ṣemi ksa wno(lmi) ; (aiskeman=) (āyor) ; (katkemane) ; (eṅkaskentär) ; (āyor) (ailñe) ; – – –
5c /// b710σ /// ; (ompo)stä«ṃ» ṣpä ; kātkeṃ tusa ; mā onmisoñc ; mäskenträ :
5d (sn)ai (ruwe) (āstre) ; (āyor) (se) (taisa) ; (āstre) (oko) ; (yänmātsiśco) ; (tusa) (wnolmi) ; (kātkeṃ) (ṣpä)
6a /// b8 /// yśāmna ; śateṃ ostne ; tänmaskenträ ; ekñiññes(a) ; (kekenoṣ)

Translation

a1 ... the doing of (thi)ngs, [23a] the mind [is] the best, the mind comes first. ... [23b] ...
a2 ... (Thereupon the suffering) follows him in the rebirths, [24a] the wheel of the deed, the cutting one rise(s up). [24b] ...
a3 ... (But which is the de)ed which has been done and at the same time accumulated? [25a] It is this deed (which has been done) here due (to) the thought of ...
a4 ... [25d] But which is the deed which has not been done and not accumulated? [26a] [It is this deed] which has been done unintention(ally). [26b] ...
a5 ... [26d] || In [the tune] bahudantāk || Some beings having been hap(py here previously indeed) ... [1a] ...
a6 ... I will tell the way. Listen attentively! [1b] Here so(me beings ... they seize possession. [1c] ...
a7 ... (But) afterwards they are full of remorse. [1d] But these b(eings ... are born in a rich house) ... [2a] ...
a8 they obtain the (pos)sessions and everything pleasant. [2b] ... [2c] ...
b1 ... first happy, he feels suffering afterwards. [2d] But (which is the deed by which the beings after having been full of suffering first, afterwards become happy?) [3a] ...
b2 ... they (begin) to speak loudly, but they hold on [to it = the gift] even under pain, [3b] while giving the gift ...
b3 ... they do (not) feel remorse, they become joyful. [3d] ... [4a]
b4 ... (when they beco)me great, by that time they grow in possession [and] they (become) rich. [4b] ...
b5 ... [4c] That is the deed through which beings (after having been) suffering first (become happy afterwards.) [4d] ...
b6 ... (But what is the deed through which beings, if they are hap)py first indeed, become happy afterwards? [5a] Some bein(gs while giving a gift hold on to it being joyful, ... the giving of gift) ... [5b] ...
b7 ... and (afterw)ards they rejoice because of it [and] they do not become remorseful. [5c] (Stainle)ss [and] (pure [is] this gift, so pure to obtain a fruit [from it], and the beings rejoice) because of it.) [5d] ...
b8 ... among humans they are reborn in a rich house (provided) with possession. [6a]

Other

a6 … I will tell the … way, listen with one mind! (cf 17) (Peyrot 2013c: 657)
b4 ... (wenn) sie groß (werden), dann [wtl. zu der Zeit] nehmen sie an Besitz zu [und] (werden) reich. (Schmidt 1974: 115)
b6 (But what is the deed through which beings), if they are happy first, become happy afterwards [too]? (cf 20) (Peyrot 2013c: 327)

Commentary

Linguistic commentary

Note that om/postäṃ is three times written postä (a7, b1, b6). The anusvāra is missing, because of the ä-dots, since the anusvāra dot it is often missing when there are already two dots on the sign: nevertheless, the spelling with fremdzeichen ‹taand ä-dots is strange.

Parallel texts

PK AS 7D; PK AS 7E; Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 24-26 (Lévi 1932: 48, 121-122) (until a5); Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 33-34 (Lévi 1932: 65-66, 132-133) (from a5 onwards)

Philological commentary

At the beginning, the text can be partly restored with he help of the parallel PK AS 7D, and from line a5 on with the help of the parallel PK AS 7E.
In the first part the meter has 4x12 (5/7) syllables, after stanza 26 in a5 the meter changes to 4 x 25 (5/5/8/7).

Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications

Tamai 2011a C3
Tamai 2011a C14

References

Online access

IDP: THT 521; TITUS: THT 521

Edition

Sieg and Siegling 1953: 324-25; Lévi 1933: 88; Sieg 1938: 14-19

Translations

Carling 2000: a2 (403); Hackstein 1995: b2 (223), b4 (136); Meunier 2013: b3 (178); Peyrot 2013c: a6 (657), b6 (327); Schmidt 1974: b4 (115); Thomas 1957: a3 (277), a4 (277); Thomas 1967d: a3 (165); Thomas 1979e: a3 (163)

Bibliography

Carling 2000

Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.

Hackstein 1995

Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

IDP

“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.

Lévi 1932

Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahākarmavibhaṅga (La grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le Mahā Karmavibhaṅga). Paris: Leroux.

Lévi 1933

Lévi, Sylvain. 1933. Fragments de textes koutchéens. Udānavarga, Udānastotra, Udānālaṁkāra et Karmavibhaṅga, publiés et traduits avec un vocabulaire et une introduction sur le «tokharien». Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.

Meunier 2013

Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.

Peyrot 2013c

Peyrot, Michaël. 2013c. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.

Schmidt 1974

Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD thesis, Universität Göttingen.

Sieg 1938

Sieg, Emil. 1938. “Die Kutschischen Karmavibhaṅga-Texte der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 65: 1–54.

Sieg and Siegling 1953

Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Tamai 2011a

Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011a. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.

Thomas 1957

Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Thomas 1967d

Thomas, Werner. 1967d. “Zu wortverbindendem toch. A śkaṃ/ B ṣpä.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 81: 161–80.

Thomas 1979e

Thomas, Werner. 1979e. “Zur Verwendung von A śla, B śale, śle im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 93: 150–73.

TITUS

Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”