THT 294
| Known as: | THT 294; B 294 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Adrian Musitz (translation). "THT 294". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht294 (accessed 11 Aug. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Adrian Musitz (translation) |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Turfan foothills |
| Expedition code: | T III TV 49 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | late |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Kāvya |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 15 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| b1 | s· [ndy]· [r]· : || ys[a] mo ya rpo nta¯ ¯·s /// |
|---|---|
| b2 | [ka] ṣṣi po yśi wi nā skau • mrau ska lñ· ṣp· ṣṣ· /// |
| b3 | nmā s̝a lyī ñi ro¯ ¯t ñe msa wi nā skau śpā lmeṃ /// |
| b4 | rpo sa śā ti yä rpo nta ṣṣe yna mo¯ ¯nt mi ṣṣi wi /// |
| b5 | [¯]t śai ṣṣe ne ya rpo¯ ¯s̝ ña sa so¯ ¯ñc kre¯ ¯ñc /// |
| b6 | – – – sa wi nā skau • || ña kte¯ ¯ts pi twā /// |
| b7 | – j· ye nmeṃ s̝pa rai mi ya [ś]ke wa rpa tai • co ta¯ ¯ñä ka /// |
| b8 | – – dñi kte • pu rwa rme pā ci¯ ¯r we sra tā ko¯ ¯y[ä] /// |
| b9 | a mpa r[s]ta nā cce vai de¯ ¯h śle ye gu ṇe co ṣa /// |
| b10 | mwa ste sā ṅka mpe ṣṣe • lkā tse ṣpe ma ne ña ·e /// |
| b11 | [śa] śi lā tso mpa pa ñca śi khi tsi raṃ pai [bh]· /// |
| b12 | ¯l a ra ṇya taṃ ne de śi¯ ¯t ma yā¯ ¯u ·au – [l]·[e] /// |
| b13 | rka rṣñe to¯ ¯yä ṣka¯ ¯s [dha] /// |
| b14 | ¯r toṃ śtwā ra o no lme /// |
| b15 | ¯s̝ || /// |
Transcription
| b1 | s· ndy· r· : ॥ ysamo yarponta(t)s /// |
|---|---|
| b2 | käṣṣi poyśi wināskau • mrauskalñ(e) ṣp· ṣṣ· /// (yä)¬ |
| b3 | ¬nmāṣälyī ñirot ñemsa wināskau śpālmeṃ /// (ya)¬ |
| b4 | ¬rposa śāti yärpontaṣṣe ynamont miṣṣi wi(nāskau) /// |
| b5 | °t śaiṣṣene yarpoṣ ñasasoñc kreñc /// |
| b6 | – – – sa wināskau • ॥ ñaktets pitwā(t) /// |
| b7 | – j· yenmeṃ ṣpa rai miyaśke warpatai • co tañ ka /// |
| b8 | – (pu)dñikte • purwar-me pācir wes ra tākoy /// |
| b9 | ampar stanācce vaideh śleye guṇen1 co ṣa(my) (ompalskoññe) (śākyamuni) (sai) |
| b10 | m waste sāṅkamp= eṣṣe • lkātseṣ {p→ṣ}emanen2 ña(kt)e(ts) (saswe) (ylai-ñäkte) |
| b11 | śaśi lātsompa pañcaśikhi tsiraṃpai bh· /// |
| b12 | °l araṇyataṃne deśit mayāu (mr)au(ska)l(ñ)e /// |
| b13 | rkärṣñe toy ṣkas dha /// |
| b14 | °r toṃ śtwāra onolme(ts) /// |
| b15 | °ṣ ॥ /// |
Translation
| b1 | Of all virtuous deeds... |
|---|---|
| b1+ | I worship Buddha the teacher. |
| b2 | And aversion... |
| b2+ | ... are to be reached. |
| b3 | I worship the excellent... named Nirodha... |
| b3+ | ... wealthy (?) through the good deed. |
| b4 | I worship the wandering field of merit... |
| b4+ | ... observing in the world, desirous, good... |
| b5+ | ... I worship... |
| b6 | ... alms of gods... |
| b7 | ... and you have obtained... from... |
| b7 | The... of yours... |
| b8 | ... Buddha... enjoy them (?). |
| b8 | May father be like us (?)... |
| b8+ | In the mango-tree (covered) cave of mount Vaideha, the Śākyamuni, refuge and protection, would meditate together with the Saṅgha. |
| b10 | Sitting to see (?), the lord of the gods, Indra... |
| b10+ | Together with queen Śacī, Pañcaśikhin... |
| b11+ | ... confession in the hermitage, strong aversion... |
| b12+ | ... those six... |
| b13+ | ... the four... of beings... |
Other
| b7 | … and … from … you have received miyaśke … (Peyrot 2013b: 370) |
|---|
Commentary
Remarks
| Written on the verso of a Chinese scroll of the Lotus sūtra. On IDP, recto and verso are reversed. | |
| The Chinese text on THT 4020 is a direct continuation of the text on the Chinese text here. Upon closer inspection, these two fragments belong together. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | The cave in question is the Indraśailaguhā. |
|---|---|
| n2 | Mistake for lkātsi ṣmemane? |
Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications
| Peyrot 2008 | CL |
| Tamai 2011 | C1 |
| Tamai 2011 | C14 |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1953: 184-185
Translations
Peyrot 2013b: b7 (370); Thomas 1957: b9 b10 (40)
Bibliography
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1953. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 2. Fragmente Nr. 71-633. Edited by Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2011. Paläographische Untersuchungen zum B-Tocharischen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 138. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
