THT 17
| Known as: | THT 17; B 17 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 17". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht17 (accessed 27 Jul. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 79.24 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Add. linguistic characteristics: | late |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
| Passage: | Book 8 (Vācāvarga), strophes 12-18. |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M25 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra B |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Transliteration
| a1 | /// – k· l·· l· sa a [ñc]· lṣa rn[e] [pa] lwā m· – – |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// ·m· – – [te] tr[ī] ku p[o] tri kau ne [s]au la kle – – – – – – – – – – – ṣai¯ ¯m po ma rsā wa mā tla na ta¯ ¯rñä [pe] – |
| a3 | /// ·e ñe¯ ¯m se pu dñä kte ntse śe¯ ¯m e rka tñe o r[o] ts[e] 10 2 ka meṃ śr· ddh· ño śrā va sti ri ṣṣi u pā sa ki ka nte nma [sa] |
| a4 | /// pä rsnoṃ po ke no pu dñä kte ka¯ ¯s̝p lkā ṣyeṃ ru pne śle¯ ¯k wai ptā ya¯ ¯r ṣa mā neṃ : ke kmu sai we rtsyai lyā ka pu |
| a5 | ·ñ·· t· – kl· ssu ntsai p· – lyku sai [p]· – – ··ā tu ypa rwe : yā mo rnta wno lmi ma kci ya ma nta¯ ¯r ma kci¯ ¯k tu ntse o kwe mpe lye wä rpā na nta¯ ¯r cme la ne |
| a6 | 10 3 wno lmi ta llā ñco na ksa nte ṣa ña¯ ¯ñmä e ro¯ ¯s̝ pi lko a ṅk· ṣ[e] yeṃ te sa¯ ¯rs̝ nā ki kre ntaṃ tsa : mā ñi¯ ¯ś kcā lye kco¯ ¯t nrai lkā sko wro cce ko¯ ¯s kre ntaṃ ntsa ta ttaṃ nā ki |
| a7 | a tā ka tte ne ṣa mye : kre¯ ¯ñcä tne we we ño¯ ¯s̝ kuse stmo¯ ¯s̝ śī lnā streṃ ṣa mā ññe ṣṣe ṣa nmī rñe ṣṣe upā sa kñe ṣṣe saṃ va rne : po sta ññe ra no kta ce saṃ va rne stmo¯ ¯s̝ kau nya ṣi |
| a8 | ce wsa ta ttaṃ nā ki ne ṣmye snai ya mo¯ ¯r 10 4 sū te me¯ ¯ñä srau kaṃ nrai ne ta nma sta¯ ¯r mā ka lykwa rwa mā ka cme la mā ka lkā s̝s̝aṃ la kle nta : mā ka pu dñä kti tsa ṅkaṃ śai ṣṣe ne |
| b1 | s̝a rpse nta rne ā lyau ce ka nrai ṣṣe wno lme ta llā nta : spe lke so mpa sta¯ ¯r kre nta¯ ¯ts sū wno lme¯ ¯ts nā ki we lñe pre re sa ce¯ ¯u au na s̝s̝a nme a ra ñcne : ai śa mñe spa ktā· |
| b2 | śle ko mpa lsko ññe co wai ra mno ta rka naṃ ne pa lsko ṣṣa na kre ntau na 10 5 kra ms̝aṃ sū wno lme¯ ¯ts ma kā¯ ¯ts pa lsko nta pu dñä ktaṃ ññe pe lai kne sa tau¯ ¯r śā¯ ¯r ka tnaṃ na ki ṣṣe : śra ddhe |
| b3 | – ·au ske ka lā ṣna ra ñcne a śrā ddhe tsa ka tkau ñai s̝s̝aṃ lau te ai s̝s̝aṃ we lñe ntse : a psā ltsa yā mu pī le ke ktseṃ ne cu rṇa nma sa s̝a lype nta sa na no mī sa rä tta ṅkeṃ : nā ki we lñe |
| b4 | – – [l]· ·[e] – ·eṃ ·ā – rṇ·e saṃ [m]ā – – – mā s̝a lype nta śo dha nta 10 6 pa pā ṣṣo rñe ṣṣe śau¯ ¯l cwi so mpa sta¯ ¯r po śai ṣṣe ntse sklo¯ ¯k ta nma s̝s̝aṃ kre |
| b5 | /// [r]p[o] wno lmeṃ¯ ¯ts cai sklo ka cci kra mpo¯ ¯s̝ ce wne pka nte pi lko ma ske nta¯ ¯r • ma kte pa¯ ¯t tā ko¯ ¯yä ṣu¯ ¯kt nau mye |
| b6 | /// lyp[o] ṣa¯ ¯ñä ṣa rsa kau to yksa pa tce¯ ¯u mā tā ka cce nā ki we ñi pa pā ṣṣo s̝a¯ ¯ts kre ntaṃ tsa 10 7 ṣa mā ne nmeṃ ste – |
| b7 | /// [l]· – ·e [n]· o st·eṃ ka ṣṣi nta m[sk]e – ¯r mā – – – – – – – – – p[e] lai kne ṣṣa na : pu dñä kte ntse toṃ snai – – |
| b8 | /// [tu] mai – o ṣa mā [n]e¯ ¯t[s] 10 8 tu se – – |
Transcription
| lf | (100-20-7) |
| tus= e – – |
Translation
| a1+ | ... ([for] seven days ... they were put under pressure at that time. [11d] Then spoke Ānanda), confused by suffering, with folded hands, lamenting, (the[se] words to the omniscient: ) |
|---|---|
| a2 | (Oh shelter [and] refuge, oh lord, do not leave us. In the directions) I have gone astray, all confused I am through the suffering. (The laws heard I had grasped), [but] all I have forgotten, |
| a2+ | [by myself alone] (the burden) will not be borne. |
| a3 | (One may not have trust in the births and the Saṃsāra here. That which is) named (dveṣa), the great displeasure came over the Buddha. [12d] |
| a3+ | There came believers inhabitants from the town of Śrāvastī and laypeople in hundreds ... |
| a4 | They are sprinkling the whole earth [with water]. The Buddha they saw in [his] appearance, the same [did] separately the monks. |
| a4+ | The assembly that came saw the Buddha, [the one] which was unhappy and tormented, |
| a5 | [and] he proclaimed the law: |
| a5+ | "If the beings do the deeds themselves, they will themselves receive the terrible fruit from this in their births. |
| a6 | [13d] The miserable beings were blamed themselves, let evoke false thought and put blame onto the good. |
| a6+ | I see no other hell as great as when onto the good they put blame [and] unfounded slander. |
| a7 | Here good ones [are] called those, who stand in pure moral behavior, in the discipline of monkhood, of novitiate and of lay brotherhood, which also in the eight-fold discipline even stand day and night. |
| a8 | If [one] on such [good ones] puts blame and slander without reason, [14d] will therefore, when he dies, be [re]born in hell) many times [and] see [there] many births [and] many sufferings. |
| a8+ | The many Buddhas, when they arise in the world, already indicate one another the miserable hell-being. |
| b1 | The zeal such a one takes from the good beings. With such an arrow of speaking blame he strikes them in the heart. |
| b1+ | Reason, service, also meditation, the spiritual virtues he steals from them. |
| b2 | [15d] Of many beings it disturbs the thought, onto the law of the Buddha he strews the dust of blame, |
| b2+ | in the believers heart he brings depression, |
| b3 | he gives joy to the disbelievers and gives [them] the opportunity to speak [blame]). [If] with a sword I make a wound on the body, with powder [and] ointment the flesh comes into being again. |
| b3+ | For the deep wound of blame there is no powder, no cure, no ointments [and] cleansing medicine. |
| b4 | [16d] He takes from him the life of [moral] behavior, |
| b4+ | and for the entire world he creates doubt about the virtues (of this one)." |
| b5 | (Soon that one [will not be] bearable to) all beings, they will be in doubt, disturbed and are looking askance towards him. |
| b5+ | What should Buddha, even if ... with seven jewels ... ([have to do] with a heap of remains put in [the ditch]?). |
| b6 | Rather someone else has slain her with his own hand and spoke unfounded blame against the Buddha, even though moral behaviour has been kept up. [17d] |
| b6+ | From the monks one (will have to obtain what one has learned, for they have heard the laws.) |
| b7 | The monks here at [their] own wish go) from the house [and] become teachers. (Will you then) not (be able to accomplish what needs to be accomplished of the law)? |
| b7+ | Of/from/by the Buddha (are) these (great) without (measure) (the good law ...) |
| b8 | (Of/from/by the worthy it must still be recognized, all) this is the power of the monks. [18d] Therefore ... |
Other
| a2+ | Die gehörten Gesetze hatte ich erfasst, [aber] alles habe ich vergessen, es wird von mir (allein) nicht getragen die Last(?). (Schmidt 1974: 262) |
|---|---|
| a3 | Dieser große Unwille kam dem Buddha. (Schmidt 1974: 75) |
| a4 | If the beings do the deeds [out of] themselves, they receive themselves the terrible fruit of it in the [re]births. (cf : ii, 24–25) (Peyrot 2013b: 680) |
| a5 | Wenn die Wesen [aus sich] selbst die Taten tun, genießen sie eben selbst die schreckliche Frucht davon in den Geburten. (Schmidt 1974: 200, 490) |
| a6 | Die unglücklichen Wesen machten sich selbst schlecht; sie hatten falsche Ansicht hervorgebracht und legten Tadel auf die Guten. (Schmidt 1974: 316-7) |
| a6+ | I do not see another hell [that is] so large as when they put unfounded blame and evil rumour on the good. (cf : ii, 25) (Peyrot 2013b: 710) |
| a8 | If [someone] puts blame and evil rumour on him without reason [lit. deed], he dies because of that [and] is [re]born in hell, many times, [for] many [re]births, and he suffers [lit. sees] many sorrows. (cf : ii, 25) (Peyrot 2013b: 710) |
| a8+ | Die vielen Buddhas weisen schon, [wenn] sie in der Welt aufstehen, einer den anderen auf das unglücklich[ste] Höllenwesen hin. (Schmidt 1974: 322) |
| b1 | Den Eifer nimmt ein solcher den guten Wesen. (Schmidt 1974: 408) |
| b1 | Mit solchem Pfeil des Tadelsprechens trifft er sie [scil. die guten] ins Herz. (Schmidt 1974: 368) |
| b2 | Auf das Gesetz des Buddha streut er den Staub des Tadels. (Schmidt 1974: 292) |
| b5 | Sie werden zweifelsvoll, gestört [und] scheelen Blickes auf ihn. (Schmidt 1974: 110) |
| b6 | Nicht möchte er unbegründeten Tadel von Guten, die die [sittliche] Haltung bewahrt haben, [aus]sprechen. (Schmidt 1974: 500, fn. 9) |
| b7 | Die Mönche gehen hier (auf) [ihren] Wunsch aus dem Hause [und] werden Lehrer. (Schmidt 1974: 298) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| THT 15 |
Philological commentary
| All additions are based on THT 15. | |
| Contains strophes 12-18 of the Vācāvarga (VIII) in a 4x25 syllable-metre (rhythm 5/5/8/7). Otherwise see the philological commentary to THT 15. | |
| The leaf number is not preserved, but this leaf must have been nr. 127 of the manuscript since by comparison with the contents from THT 15 and THT 16 it must have been the last but one leaf before THT 18. | |
| n1 | (tri)k(au) amended based on THT 15 a1. |
| n2 | (keklyauṣwa eṅku pelaiknenta) supplemented based on THT 15 a2. |
| n3 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1949 I, 30 fn. 7 the reading wärpānantär should be corrected to wärpanantär in the transcription and the reading of final ā is a mistake for a in p(elaikn=ākṣ)ā according to Sieg and Siegling 1949 I, 30 fn. 6. |
| n4 | p(elaikn=ākṣ)a according to Sieg and Siegling 1949 I, 30 fn. 6. |
| n6 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1949 I, 30 fn. 8 the reading naksante should be corrected to nāksante in the transcription, cf. THT 15 a5. The same is true for the reading cot is a mistake for tot according to Sieg and Siegling 1949 I, 30 fn. 9. |
| n7 | According to Sieg and Siegling 1983 45 fn. 11 the reading tarkanaṃne should be corrected to tarkanaṃme in the transcription. |
| n8 | welñe(ṣṣe pī)l(en)e (kätkr)eṃ (m)ā (cū)rṇ (n)esäṃ, kre(ntaunane cwiññana :) supplemented based on THT 15 b2 and b3. The word saṃtkenta is amended following Sieg and Siegling 1983: 172. |
| n9 | l(utask)en(tr) ost(m)eṃ, (tw= ot campät toṃ laṃṣūna ; lāṃṣtsi) supplemented based on THT 15 b5. |
Remarks
| The original manuscript is missing, but was complete in length with the top half of the left side missing as far as the schnurloch and slightly beyond. The top was generally more severely damaged. |
Linguistic commentary
| n5 | Late lkāsko for classical lkāskau. |
|---|
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1949: I, 29-31; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 44-46 notes 170-172; Hackstein et al. 2014: 43-65
Translations
Carling 2000: a4 (224), a5 (244), a7 (142, 297), b1 (212), b2 (340), b3 (221); Hackstein 1995: a4 a5 (111, 305), a6 (47, 65); Hackstein et al. 2014: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (43-65); Krause 1952: a2 (177), a2 (53), a6 (53), b1 (41); Malzahn 2012b: b6 (159); Meunier 2013: b1 b2 (168); Peyrot 2013b: a4 (680), a6 a7 (710), a8 (710); Schmidt 1974: a2 a3 (262), a3 (75), a5 (200), a5 (200, 490), a6 (316-7), a6 a7 (500 n.9), a8 (500 n.9), a8 b1 (322), b1 (408), b1 (368), b2 (292), b5 (110), b6 (500 n.9), b6 (500, fn. 9), b7 (298); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 24-26); Sieg and Siegling 1983: a4 (171), a6 (171), b1 (172), b3 (172), b5 (172); Thomas 1952: b3 (62); Thomas 1957: a3 a4 a5 (112), a4 (13), a4 a5 (12), a6 (181, 297); Thomas 1965: a4 (202); Thomas 1967: a4 (264); Thomas 1969c: a7 (201); Thomas 1970: a4 (273), a7 (263); Thomas 1976a: a4 (78); Thomas 1979a: b2 (243); Thomas 1979b: a7 (27); Thomas 1979d: a4 (163), b1 b2 (164); Thomas 1983: a6 (33); Thomas 1986: b3 (136)
Bibliography
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Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Hackstein, Olav, Hiromi Habata, and Christoph Bross. 2014. “Tocharische Texte zur Buddhalegende I: Die Geschichte von der Nonne Sundarī B15–18.” Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 68: 31–99.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
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Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1949. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
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Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1976a. “Zu Konjunktion yo und Instrumentalaffix -yo in Tocharisch A.” Indogermanische Forschungen 80: 71–79.
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