THT 14
| Known as: | THT 14; B 14 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Hannes A. Fellner. "THT 14". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht14 (accessed 23 Jan. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Hannes A. Fellner |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 90.5 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānālaṅkāra |
| Passage: | Book 6 (Śīlavarga), strophes 4b-19c. |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | 543 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Udānālaṅkāra A |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 8 |
Transliteration
| a1 | /// ṣmoṃ tsmā pe rā¯ ¯k a ppa mā tpo ṣa¯ ¯ñ śā mnaṃ[¯] [¯ts] [•] [w]· /// /// 4 k· – – – |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// ai wo tra we rtsi yai meṃ pra ṅke tra : ṣa ñru [psa] /// /// [5] [ṣe] m[e]ṃ¯ ¯ts yśā mna |
| a3 | /// e kñi ññe nta klā llo na : ñä kcye śai ṣṣe ne cme [t]·· /// /// [k]te we ña ke [t]· [n]· |
| a4 | /// ku lype lle ce cme lne sa¯ ¯k ka tkau ña¯ ¯s̝p : pa pā ṣṣo – – str· cwi – – lle ś[au] lwa· [ñ]· 7 y[ña] [kteṃ] – |
| a5 | /// rñ· pa ṣṣa lle : tu pa lko rmeṃ tne pwa kā lka nta ka nṣe ñca : we ña pu dñä kte wi ślo ka – [we] rtsyai n[e] |
| a6 | /// [r]tsa : pā la lñe la nmeṃ wai pe cce ntaṃ¯ ¯ts ka llā lñe : a lye kcme lne s̝pa ñä kcye cme tsi śai ṣṣe ne 9 |
| a7 | /// [kly]· – lkā lñe sa kuse ke ke nu t[ā] kaṃ tne : sū su ka lpā s̝s̝aṃ śai ṣṣe ne tne yṣwa rka ññe 10 ci ntā |
| a8 | /// ṣṣe[ṃ] sk[w]a nma śrī ñä kte ra¯ ¯m[t] ai ṣṣe ñca : śai ṣṣe soṃ ṣa [pa] pu dñä kte ra¯ ¯mt ka nṣe ñca 10-1 a llo |
| b1 | /// [k]· [nta] pa rska llo na nrai ṣṣa na : lya kā rā ka lṣlyi cai – [k]· [r]· sklo ka cci 10 2 sā¯ ¯u plā cā ly[au] |
| b2 | /// ·ā ·oṃ [ne] saṃ ṣo trū na : mā rā lye ke ·[i] – mai yya [ntsa] – lṣ· ye pi 10 3 we ña ślo¯ ¯k po yśi |
| b3 | /// [k]ts· ñmā pa lkṣtra sa ksa¯ ¯s̝p ai ksna rlka ntsa [n]n· : [ā] ksau [ṣpa] kkā [ccä] – – pā ṣṣo s̝aṃ¯ ¯ts toṃ sk[w]a nma 10 |
| b4 | /// pro skai[ṃ] lkā s̝s̝aṃ wro tsa na : srau kaṃ ṣte me ñce pre re [ra] mta ke ka [rṣ]ṣu nrai ne ta nma [s]tra l[k]ā s̝s̝a[ṃ] l[kl]e |
| b5 | /// cme lnā lye kne la kle śaiṃ su du śśī le : tu sā¯ ¯[k] – ·[ā] ni [ṣ]· – śau ltso ly[p]o la re no : – – – |
| b6 | /// [s]su : kā rpe tte po yśiṃ a ñcā lṣa rne skl[o] kpre ksa : /// /// ··sai tsa ññe śa : kuc· |
| b7 | /// mi ye : ma ksu wa¯ ¯t wä ntre lykaṃ¯ ¯ts ka rka tsi [a] /// /// r·e [to¯] [¯t] ka rtse : |
| b8 | /// ñu : yä rpo nta lykaṃ tsa po sa mā skai ka rka [ts]· – /// |
Transcription
| 4c | /// (wā)ṣmoṃts mā perāk ; appamāt po ; ṣañ śāmnaṃts • |
|---|---|
| 4d | w· /// 12σ /// 4 |
| 5b | k· – – – a2/// |
| 5c | 2σ aiwoträ ; wertsiyaimeṃ ; präṅketrä : |
| 5d | ṣañ rupsa /// 9σ /// 5 |
| 6b | ṣemeṃts yśāmna a3n2 /// |
| 6c | 5σ ; ekñiññenta ; klāllona : |
| 6d | ñäkcye śaiṣṣene ; cmet(si) /// 5σ |
| 7b | /// kte weña ket (t)n(e) a4n3n4 /// |
| 7c | 2σ ; kulypelle ; ce cmelne sak ; katkauña ṣp : |
| 7d | papāṣṣo(rñ=) (ā)str(e) ; cwi (paṣṣa)lle ; śaul wa(r)ñ(ai) 7 |
| 8a | yñakteṃ – a5n5 10σ |
| Xx | 5σ /// ; (papāṣṣo)rñ(e) ; paṣṣalle : |
| Xx | tu pälkormeṃ tne ; pw akālkänta ; kanṣeñca : |
| 9a | weña pudñäkte ; wi śloka(nma) ; wertsyaine {:} a6 |
| 9b | 11σ /// °rtsa : |
| 9c | pālalñe= lanmeṃ ; waipeccentaṃts ; källālñe : |
| 9d | alyek cmelne ṣpä ; ñäkcye cmetsi ; śaiṣṣene 9 |
| 10b | a7n6 /// |
| 10c | kly(omo) lkālñesa ; kuse kekenu ; tākaṃ tne : |
| 10d | sū su kälpāṣṣäṃ ; śaiṣṣene tne ; yṣwarkaññe 10 |
| 11b | cintā a8n7 /// |
| 11c | (śaiṣṣe)ṣṣeṃ skwanma ; śrī-ñäkte ramt ; aiṣṣeñca : |
| 11d | śaiṣṣes= oṃṣapä ; pudñäkte ramt ; kanṣeñca 10-1 |
| 12b | allo b1n8 /// |
| 12c | 2σ (la)k(le)nta ; parskallona ; nraiṣṣana : |
| 12d | lyakār= ākalṣlyi ; cai (ta)k(ā)r(e) ; sklokacci 10-2 |
| 13b | sāu plāc= ālyaub2(ce)n9 ; /// |
| 13c | 5σ ; (m)ā (t)oṃ nesäṃ ; ṣotrūna : |
| 13d | mā r= ālyeke(p)i ; (śka-)maiyyants= a;(ka)lṣ(l)yepi 10-3 |
| 14b | weña ślok poyśi ; b3n10 /// |
| 14c | (ke)kts(e)ñ mā palkṣträ ; saksa ṣp aiksnar ; lkäntsan-n(e) : |
| 14d | āksau ṣpa-k kāccä(n) ; (pa)pāṣṣoṣäṃts ; toṃ skwanma 10 b4n11 (-4) |
| 15a | 12σ /// |
| 15b | 5σ ; proskaiṃ lkāṣṣäṃ ; wrotsana : |
| 15c | sraukaṃ ṣ temeñce ; prere ramtä ; kekarṣṣu {:} |
| 15d | nraine tänmasträ ; lkāṣṣäṃ lkleb5(nta)n12 ; (māka) (tne) (10-5) |
| Xx | /// |
| Xx | (ce) cmeln= ālyekne ; lakle śaiṃ su ; duśśīle : |
| Xx | tusā-k (ṣam)āni ; ṣ(añ) śaults= olypo ; lareno : |
| Xx | – – – b6n13 /// ssu : |
| Xx | kārp= ette poyśiṃ ; añcāl ṣarne ; sklok preksa : /// /// (kt)sai;tsäññeśä : |
| Xx | kuc(e) b7n14 /// ; (nau)miye : |
| Xx | mäksu wat wäntre ; lykaṃts kärkatsi ; a(māskai) |
| Xx | /// 8σ /// r·e ; tot kartse : |
| Xx | b8n15n16 9σ /// ; (wewe)ñu : |
| Xx | yärponta lykaṃtsä ; pos= amāskai ; karkats(i) (:) |
Translation
| a1 | ... not having the trust of friends, treated badly by all man ... |
|---|---|
| a2 | ... he turns towards, |
| a2 | [but] he keeps away from the assembly. |
| a2 | Towards his own appearance ... |
| a2+ | Of some among man... |
| a3 | ... the possessions to be gained, |
| a3 | [and] to be [re]born in the world of gods. |
| a3 | ... The Buddha spoke: |
| a3+ | Of whomever (here) ... (whose) desire in this birth is happiness and pleasure, by him the [morally] purest rules must be obeyed, life-long. |
| a4+ | Among the gods ... |
| a5 | ... must the rules be observed. |
| a5 | With regard to this one here, he who fulfills all wishes, the Buddha spoke two strophes in the assembly. |
| a6 | ... being praised by others, the gaining of possessions and the being [re]born in another birth in the world of gods. |
| a7 | ... (the noble one), who is equipped with [in]sight, he alone obtains welfare here in this world. |
| a7+ | (Like) the Cintā(maṇi) ... the good fortune (of the world) giving, like the goddess Śrī, and fulfilling them, like the Buddha, over and above the world. |
| a8+ | At another time... |
| b1 | ... the sufferings of hell which have to be feared the pupils saw, |
| b1 | [and] they were full of doubt. |
| b1+ | This (was the) conversation among themselves ... |
| b2 | ... there are no such signs, not even for another pupil of the one who has the ten powers. |
| b2+ | The Omniscient spoke a strophe... |
| b3 | the body is not burned, |
| b3 | ... and it sleeps well all together, |
| b3 | [and] having awoken he is all the more pleased. |
| b3 | These [are] the goods of happiness of those that have obeyed the rules. |
| b4 | ... he sees great dangers, |
| b4 | and when he dies, then he will as quickly as an arrow shot be [re]born in hell |
| b4+ | and (there) he will see (many) sufferings. |
| b5 | ... in (this) birth and in another this immoral lives in suffering. |
| b5 | Therefore, you monks, ([moral] conduct) is [worth] more than the own dear life, |
| b6 | He descended |
| b6 | [and] asked the Omniscient with folded hands [about his] doubt ... for the age. |
| b6+ | Which ... (which) treasure or which thing is hard to steal by thieves? |
| b7 | ... until [that,] (the) [moral] conduct is good. |
| b8 | ... (Knowledge is called the treasure of the humans). |
| b8 | The good deeds are the hardest to steal by thieves. ... |
| a2 | [5d] |
| a3 | ... [6d] |
| a4 | [7d] |
| a6 | [9d] |
| a7 | [10d] |
| a8 | [11d] |
| b1 | [12d] |
| b2 | [13d] |
| b3 | [14d] |
| b4 | [15d] |
| b6 | ... [16d] ... |
| b7 | ... [17d] |
Other
| a2 | ... ist er zugetan, von der Versammlung hält er sich fern. (Schmidt 1974: 275) |
|---|---|
| b3 | ... der Körper wird nicht gequält, sondern schläft ihm angenehm bei Nacht, [und] erwacht freut er sich erst recht. (Schmidt 1974: 211) |
| b4 | If he dies he is because of that [re]born in hell like an arrow that is shot, [and] suffers [lit. sees] many sorrows here. (cf : ii, 23) (Peyrot 2013b: 680) |
| b6 | Er stieg herab [und] befragte den Alleswissenden mit zusammengelegten Händen über [seinen] Zweifel. (Schmidt 1974: 378) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Uv 6.1-6.4 |
Philological commentary
| Final part of a leaf containing strophes 4b-19c in a 4/12 syllable-metre (rhythm: 5/7) and belonging to the beginning of the Śīlavarga. | |
| n1 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 38 fn. 3. |
| n2 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 163. |
| n4 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 38 fn. 8 and fn. 9. |
| n5 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 38 fn. 10. |
| n6 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 38 fn. 12. |
| n7 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 164. |
| n8 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 1 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 164. |
| n9 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 3 and fn. 4. |
| n10 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 5 and fn. 6. |
| n11 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 7. |
| n12 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 8 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 165. |
| n13 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 10. |
| n14 | Emendations according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 11 and Sieg and Siegling 1983: 12 |
| n15 | Emendation according to Sieg and Siegling 1983: 39 fn. 13. |
| n16 | Addition based on the Sanskrit text according to Sieg and Siegling 1949 II, 24 fn. 2. |
Remarks
| The original manuscript is missing, but was a larger fragment (more or less the right side of a leaf) pieced together from several smaller fragments. |
Linguistic commentary
| n3 | kulypelle for kwälypelle. |
|---|
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1949: I, 23-24; Sieg and Siegling 1983: 38-39 notes 163-166
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (402), a4 (232, 243), b4 (142), b5 (243); Hackstein 1995: a5 (174), b1 (192), b3 (111), b6 (73f); Krause 1952: a4 (40), a6 (41), a7 (53), b2 (61); Malzahn 2012b: a6 (159); Peyrot 2013b: b4 (680); Schmidt 1974: a2 (275), b3 (211), b6 (378); Sieg and Siegling 1949: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 (II, 22-24); Sieg and Siegling 1983: b3 (165), b5 (166), b8 (166); Thomas 1952: a4 (60), a6 (52), b1 (32); Thomas 1954: b7 (745), b8 (745); Thomas 1958a: b5 (144), b8 (151); Thomas 1967c: a4 (166), a6 (163); Thomas 1968: a8 (202), b4 (211); Thomas 1969: a8 (239); Thomas 1969c: b3 (202); Thomas 1970: a6 (271); Thomas 1972: a4 (431); Thomas 1976a: a4 (78); Thomas 1979b: a5 (36), a7 (31), a7 (35); Thomas 1990: b6 (54)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktionen der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Malzahn, Melanie. 2012b. “Position matters: The placement of clitics in metrical texts of Tocharian B.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 13: 153–62.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1949. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B, Heft 1. Die Udānālaṅkāra-Fragmente. Text, Übersetzung und Glossar. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1983. Tocharische Sprachreste. Sprache B. Teil I: Die Texte. Band 1. Fragmente Nr. 1-116 der Berliner Sammlung. Edited by Werner Thomas. Neubearbeitet und mit einem Kommentar nebst Register versehen v. Werner Thomas. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1954. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1958a. “Zum Ausdruck der Komparation beim tocharischen Adjektiv.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 75: 129–69.
Thomas, Werner. 1967c. “Zu wortverbindendem toch. A śkaṃ/ B ṣpä.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 81: 161–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1968. “Zur Verwendung von toch. A oki/B ramt und A mäṃtne/B mäkte in Vergleichen.” Orbis 17: 198–231.
Thomas, Werner. 1969. “Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von toch. A ptāñkät [B pañäkte, pudñäkte], A koṃ [B kauṃ]: A koṃñkät [B kauṃñäkte] usw.” Orbis 18: 235–68.
Thomas, Werner. 1969c. “Zu den Ausdrücken für Tag und Nacht im Tocharischen.” Central Asiatic Journal 13: 199–206.
Thomas, Werner. 1970. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1972. “Zweigliedrige Wortverbindungen im Tocharischen.” Orbis 21: 429–70.
Thomas, Werner. 1976a. “Zu Konjunktion yo und Instrumentalaffix -yo in Tocharisch A.” Indogermanische Forschungen 80: 71–79.
Thomas, Werner. 1979b. Formale Besonderheiten in metrischen Texten des Tocharischen: Zur Verteilung von B tane/tne “hier” und B ñake/ñke “jetzt”. Abhandlungen d. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse 15. Mainz: Verlag d. Akad. d. Wissenschaften und d. Literatur.
Thomas, Werner. 1990. Tocharische Maitreya-Parallelen aus Hami. Vol. 1. SbWGF, XXVII. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
