SHT 1109
| Known as: | SHT 1109 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | "SHT 1109". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-sht1109 (accessed 13 Dec. 2025). |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Murtuk |
| Expedition code: | T III M 137 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
Text contents | |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Gloss |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 5.8 × 12.5 cm |
Images
Images from idp.bbaw.de by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project Berlin, the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, and the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Orientabteilung.
Transliteration
| a1x | /// jaṃ |
|---|---|
| a2x | ku – /// |
| a3x | ke tsi ve |
| b1x | – – [k]· [y]· [k]ā ve s̝ma ma skeṃ nta¯ ¯r• tusa [m]ā ri tte tra te m· [y]· |
| b2x | /// lñe |
| b2y | a pā ynta ne cme lñe ṣṣe ṣa ra¯ ¯m• ve¯ ¯s̝• laṃ si ve¯ ¯s̝• |
| b3x | kā ttsi ve |
Transcription
| a1x | n1 /// jaṃ |
|---|---|
| a2x | n2 ku(śala)° /// |
| a3x | n3n4 ketsi ve |
| b1x | n5n6 – – k· y· kā veṣ ma mäskeṃntar tusa mā ritteträ te m· y· |
| b2x | n7n8 /// (mā-nesa)lñe |
| b2y | n9n10 apāyntane cmelñeṣṣe ṣaräm veṣ laṃsi veṣ |
| b3x | n11n12 kāttsi ve |
Translation
| a1x | /// ... |
|---|---|
| a2x | good |
| a3x | why? |
| b1x | Why are they no appearance? Therefore it is not connected ... |
| b2x | non-existence (?) |
| b2y | To leave the appearance caused by the rebirth in the bad existences - [that is the good] appearance (?) |
| b3x | why? |
Commentary
Philological commentary
| This fragment was identified by Schmidt (Schmidt 1990: 473) as 6.22-23 of Vasubandhu's Abhidharmakośabhāṣya (Pradhan 1975: 347-8). As a result, recto and verso had to be reversed compared to Sander and Waldschmidt 1985: 104-5 (see Wille 1989: 223), and several improvements in the reading have been made possible. On this passage, see de La Vallée Poussin 1980: vol. IV, p. 173-7. | |
| n1 | glosses Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 347 l. 23) (ūṣ)[m](a)gatalābhī 'who obtains heat'. The gloss is probably not complete and may not be Tocharian. |
| n2 | glosses Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 l. 3) kuśalamūlā(ni) 'the roots of merit'. It is not certain that this gloss is actually in Tocharian B: it could also be a note in Sanskrit. The preceding gloss vṛ for vṛtti under parihīṇo 'lost' indicates that the commentary begins (Schmidt 1990: 474). |
| n4 | glosses Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 l. 6) apāyān yāti 'goes to bad existences'. |
| n6 | comments on Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 i. 14) (apāyānāṃ kila v)y[āv]ṛ(ttatvāt) 'because of the destruction of the bad existences'. |
| n8 | (mā-nesa)lñe glosses Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 l. 15) (asaṃbha)v(a)ḥ 'impossible'. |
| n10 | The longer phrase comments on Skt. Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 l. 16) trīṇy api itara '[One may remove] three [nirvedhabhāgīyas] and [become] another [Buddha]' (cf. de La Vallée Poussin 1980: vol. IV, 175-6). |
| n12 | glosses Skt. yāsmāt (for yasmāt, not in Abhidh-k-bh (Pradhan 1975: 348 l. 19), as noted by Schmidt 1990: 474) 'because'. |
Linguistic commentary
| n3 | ketsi must stand for kāttsi, introducing probably a following explanation; see line b3x below. |
|---|---|
| n5 | The spelling ṣ ma as one akṣara for expected ṣ\ mā is highly peculiar, should this be the correct reading. The word veṣ also occurs in the gloss to the next line and may be a borrowing from Skt. veṣa (a.o.) 'appearance'. mäskeṃntar has a for ä in the final syllable. |
| n7 | The restoration of the gloss is of course uncertain: only the abstract suffix -lñe is preserved. |
| n9 | As for the rest of the line, ṣaräm is a late form of ṣarm (Peyrot 2008: 57). Similarly, the interpretation of laṃsi as 'leave' takes it to be a late form of lantsi. The following Sanskrit gloss [p]ṛthagjina syāt\• must stand for [p]ṛthagjanaḥ syāt\•, probably to be understood as a continuation of the Tocharian part, i.e. '[otherwise] he may become a [p]ṛthagjana (ordinary man)'. Under the akṣara vi of the following vivartya in the same line, an indication vṛ for vṛtti is found, indicating the beginning of the commentary (see Schmidt 1990: 474). |
| n11 | kāttsi obviously marks different sections in the Sanskrit text, apparently a following explanation. The element ve is unclear. Perhaps it is an abbreviation of the word veṣ, found in the glosses to the lines above? A similar gloss is found on the recto, line a3xketsi ve above. |
References
Online access
other
Peyrot 2014: 133, 147-9
Bibliography
de La Vallée Poussin, Louis. 1980. L’Abhidharmakośa de Vasubandhu. Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 16. Bruxelles: Institut Belge des Hautes Études Chinoises.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2014. “Notes on Tocharian glosses and colophons in Sanskrit manuscripts I.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 15: 131–79.
Pradhan, Prahlad. 1975. Abhidharmakośabhāṣyam of Vasubandhu. With introduction and indices by Aruna Haldar. 2nd ed. Vol. 8. Tibetan Sanskrit Works Series. Patna: K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute.
Sander, Lore, and Ernst Waldschmidt. 1985. Sanskrithandschriften aus den Turfanfunden. Teil 5. Die Katalognummern 1015–1201 und 63 vorweggenommene höhere Nummern. Vol. 10, 5. Verzeichnis der orientalischen Handschriften in Deutschland. Wiesbaden: Steiner.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1990. “Fragmente von Vasubandhus Abhidharmakośabhāṣya aus Chinesisch-Turkestan.” In XXIV. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 26. bis 30. September 1988 in Köln. Ausgewählte Vorträge, edited by Werner Diem and Abdoldjavad Falaturi, 471–77. ZDMG Suppl. 8. Stuttgart: Steiner.
Wille, Klaus. 1989. Sanskrithandschriften aus den Turfanfunden. Teil 6. Die Katalognummern 1202–1599. Vol. 6. Verzeichnis der orientalischen Handschriften in Deutschland 10. Wiesbaden: Steiner.
