PK AS 7I
| Known as: | PK AS 7I; Pelliot Koutchéen Ancienne Série 7I; K 9 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator); Michaël Peyrot (collaborator). "PK AS 7I". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-pkas7i (accessed 08 Sep. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator); Michaël Peyrot (collaborator) |
| Date of online publication: | 2012-02 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Duldur-akur |
| Expedition code: | 496 |
| Collection: | Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Add. linguistic characteristics: | archaic |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavibhaṅga |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M15 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Karmavibhaṅga β |
| Preceding fragment: | PK AS 7H |
| Following fragment: | PK AS 7J |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 8.2 × 37 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
| Interline spacing: | 1.3 cm |
Images
Images from gallica.bnf.fr by courtesy of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Manuscrits, Pelliot koutchéen.
Transliteration
(continues from PK AS 7H)
| lf | 30 9 |
|---|---|
| a1 | ntra s(·)(·) m(·) na tai sā(·) r(·) (·)[tā] na : śa ky[o] l(·) [n](·) (–) [mo] rnta e ṅko rmeṃ tu ntse ṣa rmtsa toṃ : śa kwä nta rwaṃ¯ ¯ts spa rkā lñe ka l[pā] st[ra] pa rnā ñña na ntso 8 śa kno we ñ(·) /// |
| a2 | lmeṃ we ñe nta : ñä kteṃ tsña kte ka ṣṣi ntse po yśi nts(·) pa twi nā ṣlñe meṃ : cme la ne ka rtse e re ma ske tra ka rtse we śe ññai : e ṅka lle ma ske ta rne re ki /// |
| a3 | rtsi [y](·) ne krui yo paṃ we rtsya cpi ○ ya ma s̝s̝aṃ ya rke : lā re no s̝pa ma ske tra śā mna ntso śle kra ñä kte ntso : o ro [tse] cpī ma ske tra cä mpa [m]ñe /// |
| a4 | [c]ä [m](·)(·) (·)(·)e(·) (·)e(·) [k]o no lme mpa ka nma ○ stra ṣe sa 10 pū dñä kte mpa ka lpā s̝s̝aṃ ṣe śa mtsi bo dhi sā tve mpa : wro tsa na e kñi ññe nta yä nmā s̝s̝aṃ ne(·) (·)[e] /// |
| a5 | ta nma s (– –) sā rmeṃ ra me rtsa lpe tra : śa kpa rkā wnta toṃ ma ske ntra kuse pa twi nā s̝s̝aṃ 10-1 śa kpa rkā wä nta kṣ[ā] tre ai lñe sa yä nmā s̝s̝aṃ wno lme : cme la (·)e /// |
| a6 | ttre ta tā kau : snai pa lśa lñe ma ske tra ke ktse ñ[t](·)a (·)ai (– –) l(·) (·)o sa : po soṃ ṣa psu ma ske tra mā ce wsa ma ske trau s̝a pksa 10 2 o ro tse ma ske ta rne /// |
| b1 | cä mpa mñe cceṃ o ro cceṃ wno lme mpa ri tte tra e ṣe [ñ](·) (– –) (·)t(·) pū dñä kteṃ po yśiṃ mpa bo dhi sa tve mpa : ṣe sa śma lñe ka lpā s̝s̝aṃ wno lme sū c[e] [w]kr(·) ntyā mo /// |
| b2 | ññe ī k(·) s̝pa ka lpā s̝s̝aṃ nano nano : ka ma rttā ññe ṣṣe ī ke e ṅtsi ścs̝a pya ma stra yā mo¯ ¯r : ka krau pau s̝pa ma ske tra yā mo rcpī kṣā trai ṣṣe ñca ntse : o [ro] /// |
| b3 | [e](·) ñ(·) ññe nta [s̝pa] 10 4 i ña ○ kteṃ sū ta nma stra ne mce ksa ce wkre ntyā mo rsa : ra me rno s̝pa saṃ sā rmeṃ tsa lpe tra ye kte ske ye ntsa : toṃ pa /// |
| b4 | yä [r]p[o] ssu wno lm(·) : ka ṣṣi ntse pū ○ dñä kte ntse pa tstsa kuse ya ma s̝aṃ kṣā ttre 10 5 śa kpa rkā wä nta kula ntse ā yo rsa po yśi ntse pa tne : tu ñke [w]e /// |
| b5 | śce śca m(·) s̝pa lsko sa : ka rtse re ki ma ske tra wno lme sū ka rtse we śe ññai : pa lsko nta kā tka ṣṣe ñca we śe ñña ma ske ta rne s̝pa 10 6 cä ñca rya cpī ma ske /// |
| b6 | ṣ(·) (·)i ka tkau ñai mā ka (– –) [ma] ske ta rsu c[m]e la [n]e [w](·)o lme : ka tkau ña ṣṣa na plā taṃ re kau na su ṣe kṣe¯ ¯k klyau s̝aṃ : a mi śka ññe e rṣe ñcai re ki sū mā ne mce klyau s̝aṃ /// |
(continues on PK AS 7J)
Transcription
(continues from PK AS 7H)
| lf | 30-9 |
(continues on PK AS 7J)
Translation
(continues from PK AS 7H)
| a1 | The grains [lit. seeds] [and] the trees in that way also become (without fruits). [8b] Having held on to the ten bad deeds, for that reason [8c] one obtains the dissolution of the ten external things. [8d] |
|---|---|
| a1+ | But the (Buddha lord), the excellent speaker, has told ten (advantages), [9a] caused by the reverence for a stūpa of the omniscient, of the teacher, the lord among the gods. [9b] |
| a2 | He [= the pious one] becomes of good appearance in his rebirth [and] of good voice. [9c] (Everyone) is to be convinced by (hearing) his word. [9d] |
| a2+ | If he enters into an assembly, the assembly pays homage to him, [10a] |
| a3 | and he is dear to humans and to gods likewise. [10b] The power of this one [= the pious one] is great ..., [10c] |
| a3+ | he comes together with (great), p(owerful) beings for sure; |
| a4 | [10d] he succeeds in coming together with the buddhas [and] with the bodhisattvas; [11a] he obtains great possessions. Certainly indeed (among the gods [11b] through this deed) he is reborn, |
| a5 | from the saṃsāra he is soon redeemed. [11c] These [= the preceding points] are the ten advantages for the one who reveres a stūpa. [11d] A being [also] obtains ten advantages through the giving of a parasol. |
| a5+ | (This one) in [his] rebirth will (become) a parasol (for the world). [12b] |
| a6 | He becomes without torment with respect to the body [and] likewise with respect to the mind. [12c] This one becomes superior to all, nobody becomes superior to him. [12d] His (power) is great, ... [13a] |
| b1 | he establishes relationship with powerful, great beings. [13b] With the omniscients, the buddhas, the lo(rds among the go)ds [and] with the bodhisattvas, [13c] this being succeeds in coming together through this good deed. [13d] |
| b1+ | And he reaches the position of a (Cakravartin) king again and again, [14a] |
| b2 | and the deed is done in order to get the position of a ruler, [14b] and the deed is accumulated for the one who gives a parasol. [14c] |
| b2+ | And (one obtains gr)eat possessions (in the world). |
| b3 | [14d] This one is certainly reborn among the gods through that good deed, [15a] and soon he is redeemed from the saṃsāra with few efforts. [15b] |
| b3+ | These (ten excellent advanta)ges (obtains) the meritorious being, [15c] who makes [the offering of] a parasol on a stūpa of the Buddha lord, the teacher. |
| b4 | [15d] Ten advantages [come] through the giving of a bell in a stūpa of the omniscient. [16a] That I will now (tell in detail.) |
| b4+ | (Listen [pl.]) with a steady mind! [16b] |
| b5 | This being is of good speech, of good voice, [16c] and his voice makes the minds rejoice, [16d] |
| b5+ | his (talk) is charming to hear (by every assembly). [17a] |
| b6 | This being is able to (evoke) much joy in his rebirths. [17b] This one always indeed hears joyful talks [and] words, [17c] he certainly does not hear speech that evokes bad feelings. [17d] |
(continues on PK AS 7J)
Other
| a1 | Wenn man an den zehn schlechten (Taten) festhält, erlangt man auf Grund davon das Schwinden dieser zehn äußeren Dinge. (Schmidt 1974: 216) |
|---|---|
| a3+ | If he enters a gathering, the gathering honours him and he is dear to humans and to gods likewise, his ability is great …, and he comes together with beings of great ability. (cf 41) (Peyrot 2013b: 688) |
| a4 | Mit (großen,) könnensreichen Wesen kommt dieser zusammen [d.h. bringt dieser sich zusammen]. Er erreicht es, mit dem Buddha und mit Bodhisattvas zusammenzukommen. (Schmidt 1974: 473) |
| a4+ | He succeeds in getting together with Buddhas [and] Bodhisattvas, [and] he obtains great possessions, certainly it is among gods that he is [re]born through this deed, [and] from the saṃsāra he is soon redeemed—these are the ten advantages (for him) who honours a stūpa. (cf 42) (Peyrot 2013b: 689) |
| b2 | Auch zum Ergreifen der Oberherrschaftswürde wird die Tat getan, und gehäuft ist die Tat jenes [Wesens], das einen Sonnenschirm schenkt. (Schmidt 1974: 229) |
| b3 | Unter den Göttern wird er bestimmt geboren durch jene gute Tat, und schnell wird er auch vom Saṃsāra erlöst mit wenigen Bemühungen. (Schmidt 1974: 116-7) |
| b6 | Reden [und] Worte der Freude hört er stets [und] ständig. (Schmidt 1974: 81) |
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| As is often the case in this manuscript, we have several attestations of o-mobile in colon- or pāda-final position. Note also the preservation of the cluster śc in the PPt śceścamoṣ (b5); this is consistent with the preservation of the same cluster in the allative affix -śc if there is no o-mobile. Interestingly, we find the two variants oṃṣap and auṣap of the same adverb in the same line (oṃṣap is the older one; see Peyrot 2008: 91-92). On the other hand, we have a hypercorrect form in patstsa (b4 for patsa, the perlative singular of pat). It may be morphologically motivated in order to reinforce the perlative affix and to avoid homophony with patsa ‘pollen’. But note that hypercorrect geminate tsts is also otherwise found for etymological ts in late texts. | |
| Several times anusvāra is missing in oblique plural forms. | |
| n1 | TB pat is the usual term for stūpa, but the corresponding Sanskrit text has the more general term caitya- ‘temple, shrine’. So pat here is used as a pars pro toto. |
Parallel texts
| Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 60-61, 63-65 (Lévi 1932: 79-88, 142-144) |
Philological commentary
| The meter is 4 x 15 (7/8 or 8/7). | |
| n2 | The middle part of pāda 10d is badly damaged. The restoration by Sieg 1938: 41-42 followed by Schmidt 1974: 473 is not warranted by the manuscript since a reading [k]o is more probable than [s]o. In any case one has to assume sandhi across colon boundary in order to get a correct verse. |
| n3 | The second colon of pāda 11d has two syllables too few. In any case one needs a demonstrative pronoun to which the relative clause refers. One may then propose to add cwi and maybe a particle. |
| n4 | The whole pāda as attested seems to be metrically wrong: the second colon has nine syllables; therefore Sieg 1938: 44 restored spä in order to get the six missing syllables in the first colon, but at the expense of the rhythm, which should either be 4 + 3 or 3 + 4. The first problem can be solved by reading the verse form mäsketär. The second problem requires the restoration of a word to be constructed with katkauñai as direct object. Pace Sieg, it is impossible to analyze the form as a kind of bahuvrīhi. |
Remarks
| The fragment PK AS 7H immediately precedes this one, PK AS 7J follows. |
References
other
Lévi 1933: 93-95, 104-105; Sieg 1938: 40-44; Couvreur 1949: 76-79
Translations
Meunier 2013: a2 a3 (164), a3 (125-126, 140, 164); Peyrot 2013b: a3 a4 (688), a4 a5 (689); Schmidt 1974: a1 (216), a4 (473), b2 (229), b3 (116-7), b6 (81)
Bibliography
Couvreur, Walter. 1949. “Zur tocharischen Etymologie I.” Indogermanische Forschungen 60: 33–37.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahākarmavibhaṅga (La grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le Mahā Karmavibhaṅga). Paris: Leroux.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1933. Fragments de textes koutchéens. Udānavarga, Udānastotra, Udānālaṁkāra et Karmavibhaṅga, publiés et traduits avec un vocabulaire et une introduction sur le «tokharien». Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008. Variation and change in Tocharian B. Vol. 15. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1938. “Die Kutschischen Karmavibhaṅga-Texte der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 65: 1–54.
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