PK AS 7F
| Known as: | PK AS 7F; Pelliot Koutchéen Ancienne Série 7F; K 6 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator); Michaël Peyrot (collaborator). "PK AS 7F". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-pkas7f (accessed 27 Jul. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator); Michaël Peyrot (collaborator) |
| Date of online publication: | 2012-02 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Duldur-akur |
| Expedition code: | 496 |
| Collection: | Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavibhaṅga |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M25 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Karmavibhaṅga β |
| Preceding fragment: | PK AS 7E |
| Following fragment: | PK AS 7G |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 8.2 × 34.2 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
| Interline spacing: | 1.3 cm |
Images
Images from gallica.bnf.fr by courtesy of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Manuscrits, Pelliot koutchéen.
Transliteration
(continues from PK AS 7E)
| lf | 30 6 |
|---|---|
| a1 | (– – –) ka – – – – wa ra s̝a lñe sa ā klyi sa a ñma ntse ā yo rai tsi ṣe kcä ñca nme ri lñe cci no ma ske ntra 10 kā ttsi no ne [saṃ] ṣe mi ksa /// |
| a2 | tssa swe ñä (–) e ntse sa a ttsai ke śne wa wā la¯ ¯s̝ä mā cä ñca nme ā yo rai tsi o lypo tse śa te ñno : kuse su tne wno lme snau ki ne k(·) stne da [kṣi] ṇā keṃ /// |
| a3 | mā (–) lykwa rwa mā ra no ṣe [kṣ](·)¯ ¯k mā ○ ā yo rṣṣe kreṃ twā ṣmoṃ mpa ā klyi yā mu cme la ne 10-1 sū cpī yā mo rntse o ko sa wno lme e kñi ññe nta /// |
| a4 | ra s̝s̝a l(·)e n(·)e (·)e(·) kī tsñe sa no [e] ○ ntse lā re ma ske ta rne mā yo rai tsi cä ñca nne : te ṣa rmtsa wno lmi śa te ñma ske ntra e ntse ṣṣi no pra – – – /// |
| a5 | (– – – –) ṣle pa lsko wa ra s̝s̝a lle ā yo rne ṣe¯ ¯k ā kla s̝s̝a lle ā yo rmpa 10 2 kā ttsi no wno lme śā te ma ske tra cä ñca nne s̝pa ā yo rai tsi /// |
| a6 | (·)ta(·) o no lmeṃ da kṣi ṇā ke ntsā yo rntai s̝s̝aṃ na no na no ·e ·e – (–) su toṃ yä rpo nta yā mo rsa śā te e kñi ññe nta ma kā yä kne yä nmā ṣṣe /// |
| b1 | ñca s̝pa ma ske ta rsu nau ṣcme la ṣṣe ā klyi sa 10 3 k(·)(·) (·)s(·) (– – –) sn(·) tse ma ske tra e ntse ṣṣe s̝pa mā cä ñca nne ā yo rai tsi a lye ṅkaṃ /// |
| b2 | (– –) yo [rn]e (–) tta ṣṣe ñca tā ka nne : mā ke tra nta kca ai s̝s̝aṃ kuse ā yo rtū sa snai tse ma ske tra su mā yā mo rsa yä rpo ntaṃ tsa : mā ā [k]l(·)i yā mu m· /// |
| b3 | s(·) ntse sse [ma] [sk]e tra 10 4 kā [t]tsi ○ no wno lme ke ktse ntsa skwa ssu ma ske ta rtne mā pa lsko sa kuce ṣa rmtū ne tu we ñau : yā mu yä rpo nta [ṣe] /// |
| b4 | ra [sk]w(·) ssu mā no pa lsko sa : kuse no ○ sū wno lme pa lsko sa skwa ssu ma ske ta rtne ma kā yä kne mā no skwa s[su] ke ktse ñtsa : ya rpo a [yā] (–) /// |
| b5 | pa l[sk]o sa skwa ssu mā no ke ktse ntsa 10 5 i ntsu no wno lme ke ktse ntsa skwa ssu ma ske ta rtne tai sā kra no pa lsko sa sa kwä rpnā tra : yā mu yä rpo (–) /// |
| b6 | (– – –) l[p]au (·)o (–) [cm]e la meṃ : kuse no su wno lme mā [k]e ktse ñä ṣṣe sa kusa skwa ssu ma ra no kca sa kwä rpnā tra pa lsko ṣṣ[e] : pe rne ṅka lpa tte [mā] /// |
(continues on PK AS 7G)
Transcription
(continues from PK AS 7E)
| lf | 30-6 |
(continues on PK AS 7G)
Translation
(continues from PK AS 7E)
| a1 | (These beings when they are reborn among humans, they are born always in a poor house.) [10c] Through exercise [and] education of themselves [lit. oneself] it always pleases them to give gifts, and they are generous. [10d] |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Why then are some (beings) ... masters of (possessions)? [11a] |
| a2 | Because of avarice for sure [their] eyes are covered, [and] it does not please them to give gifts even though [they are] very rich. [11b] This is the being who here in case of need [and] in case of famine (gives gifts to the) worthy ones, ... [11c] |
| a2+ | [but] neither many times, nor even always and always, [since] he has not been educated during the [previous] births with the good friend [who is] gift. |
| a3 | [11d] Such a being through the fruit of this deed (becomes an obtainer of) possessions (of every kind), [12a] |
| a3+ | but because of his lack of practice, avarice becomes dear to him |
| a4 | [and] it does not please him to give gifts. [12b] For this reason the beings are rich but characterized by avarice ... [12c] |
| a5 | ... (Therefore) give (gifts constantly) [and] one should train the mind with respect to the gift [and] educate it with [the help of] the gift. [12d] But why is a being rich and it pleases him to give gifts? ... [13a] |
| a5+ | (The being which) gives gifts to the (goo)d beings and to the worthy ones again and again ... [13b] this one by doing deeds of merit [becomes] rich [and] he (becomes) an obtainer of possessions of every kind. [13c] |
| a6+ | And this one becomes a (do)nor through the education made in previous births. |
| b1 | [13d] (But) why is a (being) poor [and] marked by avarice? It does not please him to give gifts to others. [14a] |
| b1+ | ... [if] there is (no) one who connects him to the gift. [14b] |
| b2 | The one who does not give any gift to anyone at all, because of that he becomes poor with respect to the non-doing of meritorious deeds. [14c] |
| b2+ | Not having been educated (in gift giving) ... because of that he becomes marked by avarice. |
| b3 | [14d] But why does a being become happy with respect to the body here, but not with respect to the mind? What is the reason for that, I will tell it: [15a] |
| b3+ | Who has done meritorious deeds ... he [is] happy with the (body) indeed but not with the mind. [15b] |
| b4 | But which is the being who becomes happy with the mind in many ways but not happy with the body? [15c] |
| b4+ | (An arhat who) has not done a meritorious deed ... (he is) happy with the mind but not with the body. |
| b5 | [15d] But which being here becomes happy with the body [and] likewise also enjoys happiness with the mind? [16a] |
| b5+ | (An arhat who) has done meritorious deeds ... being redeemed from (all) births. [16b] |
| b6 | But which is the being who [is] not happy with respect to bodily happiness [and] does not even enjoy any happiness of the mind? [16c] Who has not obtained a rank [i.e., an ordinary person]... (he does) not ... |
(continues on PK AS 7G)
Other
| b3 | What the cause to this [is], I will tell. (cf 27–28) (Peyrot 2013b: 657) |
|---|---|
| b5 | Was für ein Wesen ist aber hier am Körper glücklich [und] empfindet ebenso auch im Geiste Glück? (Schmidt 1974: 199) |
| b6 | Welches Wesen ist aber nicht durch körperliches Glück glücklich [und] empfindet auch kein Geistiges Glück? (Schmidt 1974: 199) |
Commentary
Linguistic commentary
| Like in the other fragments of this manuscript, there is an archaic spelling in the case of eṅkälpatte (b6); further, the PPt nom.sg. mask. tsälpauwo (b6) shows o-mobile inside a colon, which is a rare position for the preservation of the final vowel. | |
| n1 | The adjective rilñetstse (here in the nom.pl.masc.) is a calque of Skt. tyāgavant- ‘generous’, lit. ‘provided with renouncing’. |
| n3 | Apparently māka lykarwa and ṣek-ṣek are the equivalent of the two Sanskrit complementary notions punar ‘again, renewed’ and abhyastam ‘accumulated by repeated practice’. There is a difference between the repetition of the same gift (i.e., making a choice of alms) and renewed generosity by giving different gifts (i.e., being prepared to give anything). |
| n6 | The form entsesse is either a mistake for entseṣṣe (a4, b1) or a possessive adjective with a different suffix in -tstse which underwent dissimilation of the affricate. |
Parallel texts
| Mahākarmavibhaṅga §§ 37, 39, 44-47 (Lévi 1932: 69, 71, 75-77, 135, 136, 139-141) |
Philological commentary
| The meter is 4 x 25 (5/5/8/7). | |
| n2 | The second colon of 10d āklyisa añmantse has one syllable too many; therefore, one should restore vowel sandhi āklyis= āñmantse. |
| n4 | The last word of the third colon of 12c may be restored as pra(krauñecci) ‘provided with firmness’, i.e., “firmly characterized by avarice”. |
| n5 | At the end of 13b the restoration (cm)e(lane) as per Sieg 1938: 26 is not supported by the manuscript. One may venture the guess to restore (ṣ)e(k-ṣ)e(k). |
| n7 | Note the sandhi sak wärpnāträ for sakw wärpnāträ. |
Remarks
| Fragment PK AS 7E immediately precedes this one, PK AS 7G follows. |
References
other
Lévi 1933: 89-90, 102-103; Sieg 1938: 24-28; Couvreur 1949: 76
Translations
Meunier 2013: a3 (175); Peyrot 2013b: b3 (657); Schmidt 1974: b5 (199), b6 (199)
Bibliography
Couvreur, Walter. 1949. “Zur tocharischen Etymologie I.” Indogermanische Forschungen 60: 33–37.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahākarmavibhaṅga (La grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le Mahā Karmavibhaṅga). Paris: Leroux.
Lévi, Sylvain. 1933. Fragments de textes koutchéens. Udānavarga, Udānastotra, Udānālaṁkāra et Karmavibhaṅga, publiés et traduits avec un vocabulaire et une introduction sur le «tokharien». Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1938. “Die Kutschischen Karmavibhaṅga-Texte der Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 65: 1–54.
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