PK AS 16.2
| Known as: | PK AS 16.2; Pelliot Koutchéen Ancienne Série 16.2 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator). "PK AS 16.2". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-pkas162 (accessed 08 Dec. 2024). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Georges-Jean Pinault; Melanie Malzahn (collaborator) |
| Date of online publication: | 2013-08 |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds Pelliot Koutchéen (Paris) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Aggañña-Sutta |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | 45 (4x); 4343 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | Aggañña-Sutta |
| Following fragment: | PK AS 16.3 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 8-13.2 × 49.8-50 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
| Interline spacing: | 2.2 cm |
Transliteration
| lf | 10 5 |
|---|---|
| a1 | ktse¯ ¯ñä bra mñä kte ma¯ ¯nt we ña || (– – –) (·)ka ñe ne || wi ppe wä nne kṣa tta ryi śpā lm[e](·) [:] ñ[ä] (–) (·)[ā] mnaṃ¯ ¯ts (–) (·)[k](·) [nts](·) ṣā(·) cai : pe l[ai] kn· ṣṣe w(·) |
| a2 | ntre ceṃ sai mtsa : ce ntsa¯ ¯k sai mtsa [ka] (– –) se śai ṣṣe : 1 || tu sā¯ ¯k wa rñai kṣa tri po sa te nau¯ ¯s̝ yä rke ntse a ṣāṃ ta kā re || tu meṃ ma¯ ¯n[t] [c]ai |
| a3 | k[s]a [a] [l](·)[ai] (–) [l]a(·) (·)[e](·) [ś]ā ○ mna ○ e ṅka lñe ne nā ki ka rso rmeṃ ā l[yau] c(·) śwe ña re || ka ta ro si ne || śū ke nta ne tre ṅka ltsa |
| a4 | pe r[ne] pe ñ[y]o mu [s]k[ī] (– –) e ṅka lñe ntse ṣa rmtsa ywā¯ ¯rcä yä rto¯ ¯[ṣ] [lk](·) nta¯ ¯r we rtsyaṃ ne : ca [l]le¯ ¯[s̝] we saṃ mi ṣe nta lau [k](·) |
| a5 | ta rka¯ ¯m e ṅka lñe : wa rto wṣeṃ ñai sai mtsa we¯ ¯s śa ye¯ ¯m o mte pi ntwā tsa [:] [1] || [tu] meṃ c[ai] [e] [ṅka] [lñe] ntse nā ki [ka] [rso] rmeṃ ko ṭa nma sa |
| a6 | wa rtto ne la teṃ • tū no kuce yä kne sa || śa waṃ ñe kwa ma ne || pw[e] ṅka lñe nta re rī no¯ ¯s̝ śau (– – – – –) (·)c(·) [:] bra mñä kti ra ya [yā] |
| b1 | ta¯ ¯s̝ wa rto wṣeṃ ñai sai¯ ¯m yā mo¯ ¯s̝ : o mpa lsko ññe¯ ¯ś spe lkke sso¯ ¯ñcä ka rso¯ ¯s̝ nā ki (·)l(·) (– – – –) – – (·)[yā] ywā¯ ¯r[c]ä e rsa nte a |
| b2 | bhi jñe nta pi¯ ¯ś s̝a pno : 1 || se ta ne t(·) ri ste e nte pa ñä kti śai ṣṣe n[e] mā tsa [m]o ṣtā kaṃ [•] [twa] [km]ā ka [k]ra ta yu[¯] [¯k] (–) ścī yaṃ ne kuse cai o |
| b3 | ro [ts]ts(·) c[ä] [mp](·) [m](·)[e] (– –) ○ dhi sa tvi tā kaṃ cai o¯ ¯t ta mpa¯ ¯k [y](·) (–) sa rṣā ki ma ske nta¯ ¯r [c]e [n]aṃ¯ ¯ts o mte ai rpa cce śau¯ ¯l |
| b4 | ś(·) (–) (·)k(·) (– – –) ¯ts ○ cä mpa mñe ṣai ta ra ltse śai ṣṣeṃ ta ṅtsi [ā] lyi ne a ma lā ka mpa ta se ma ne po wä nta rwa |
| b5 | lkā tsi ra [d]dhi sa ya tsi ñä kcī [y](·) (–) tsai sa klyau ssi ka tko¯ ¯r e ka ma tte ka rsa ts[i] • e[ṃ] ṣk[e] ne mce ylai ñä kte bra mñä kte sa wa rñai (·)[ä] |
| b6 | kteṃ¯ ¯ts ya rke sa ya ma s̝s̝a lyi t(·) (–) tu yä kne sa au rtsa na ai śa mñe nta pa rkā [nm]e (– –) (·)k[e] to¯ ¯t nai (–) [s]aṃ [jñā] nā saṃ jñā ya taṃ ta [ṅt](·)i |
(continues on PK AS 16.3)
Transcription
| lf | 10-5 |
| * | (ke)¬ |
|---|---|
| a1 | ktseñ bram-ñäkte mant weña ॥ (paṇḍurāṅ)käñene ॥ |
| 1a | wi-ppewänne ; kṣattaryi śpālme(ṃ) : |
|---|---|
| 1b | ñä(kteṃ) (ś)āmnaṃts ; (yär)k(e)nts= (ā)ṣā(ṃ) cai : |
| 1c | pelaikn(e)ṣṣe ; w(ä)a2ntren1n2 ceṃ saimtsa : |
| 1d | centsa-k saimtsa ; ka(ntär) se śaiṣṣe : 1 ॥ |
| * | tusā-k warñai kṣatri posa te nauṣ yärkentse aṣāṃ takāre ॥ tumeṃ mant cai |
|---|---|
| a3 | n3n4 ksa al(y)ai(k) (a)la(nm)e(ṃ) śāmna eṅkalñene nāki kärsormeṃ ālyauc(e)ś weñare ॥ katarosine ॥ |
| 1a | śūkentane treṅkältsa ; a4n5 perne peñyo muskī(tär) (:) |
|---|---|
| 1b | eṅkalñentse ṣarmtsa ywārc ; yärtoṣ lk(ā)ntär wertsyaṃne : |
| 1c | calle ṣ wesäṃ miṣenta ; lauk(e) a5 tarkam eṅkalñe : |
| 1d | warto wṣeṃñai saimtsa wes ; śayem omte pintwātsa : 1 ॥ |
| * | tumeṃ cai eṅkalñentse nāki kärsormeṃ koṭanmasa |
|---|---|
| a6 | n6 warttone lateṃ • tū no kuce yäknesa ॥ śawaṃñe-kwamane ॥ |
| 1a | pw eṅkalñenta rerīnoṣ ; śau(l) (śāwṣante) (airpäc)c(e) : |
|---|---|
| 1b | bram-ñäkti ra yayāb1taṣ ; warto wṣeṃñai saim yāmoṣ : |
| 1c | ompalskoññeś spelkkessoñc ; kärsoṣ nāki (k)l(eśanmaṃts) (:) |
| 1d | (śle-maiy)yā ywārc ersante ; ab2bhijñenta piś ṣäp no : 1 ॥ |
(continues on PK AS 16.3)
Translation
| a1 | (...) the (bo)dy. The god Brahman spoke thus: || in [the tune] P. || “Among the two-footed [beings] the Kṣatriyas [are] superior: these [are] worthy of the veneration of gods and humans. |
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| a1+ | The state pertaining to the Law [will exist] because of this support; |
| a2 | it will be through the support of those that hold this world.” 1 Starting with this [reason], the Kṣatriyas before this were altogether the most worthy of veneration. |
| a2+ | Thereupon, in such a manner, some men, other ones, from elsewhere, having understood the defect [inherent] in the attachment, they said to one another: |
| a3 | || in [the tune] K. || |
| a3+ | "Due to greed for the [divine] nectars, the glory and splendour were gone; |
| a4 | because of the attachment, [men] appear set into conflicts inside the society. And we have to abandon our fields, |
| a4+ | we will let go our passion afar. |
| a5 | Under the protection of a forest dwelling we will live there on alms." 1 |
| a5+ | Thereupon, those, having understood the defect in attachment by myriads went away into the forest. |
| a6 | But this in which way? || in [the metre] Ś. || "Having given up all attachments, they lived a life of tranquillity, controlling themselves like Brahmin gods, having made a forest shelter their refuge; |
| b1 | devoting themselves to meditation, having understood the defect of passions, with the (magic power) inside them they evoked the five [supernatural] knowledges in addition." |
| b2 | 1 This here is the way. |
| b2+ | When the Buddhas have not grown in the world and [when] then indeed in these kṛtayuga times these [beings] happen to be who [are] such Bodhisattvas equipped with great power, then these ones in exactly that manner become ṛṣis. |
| b3+ | In this case, these then, striving to live a life of tranquillity, had the power to contemplate all things [reaching the limits of] the three thousand worlds, [all things that were] comparable to the flower of a myrobolan tree in the palm of the hand, [and they had the power] to move themselves with the help of magic, [the power] to listen with a divine ear, [the power] to know the past and the future. |
| b5+ | While certainly they were to be honoured by the gods starting with Indra and Brahman, [and] in this way there arose deep wisdom [pl.] to them, meanwhile they evoked the meditations including the state of perception and non-perception; |
(continues on PK AS 16.3)
Other
| a4+ | We have to abandon (?) our fields and we will let go our passion afar. Under the protection of a forest dwelling we will live there on alms. (196 and passim) (Peyrot 2013b: 661) |
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| b2+ | When the Buddhas have not grown in the world – who then in kṛtayuga times happen to be those Bodhisattvas with great power, they become in exactly that manner ṛṣis. (cf 196 and passim) (Peyrot 2013b: 716) |
| b6 | Derartige umfassende Erkenntnisse werden ihnen aufgehen. (Schmidt 1974: 54) |
Commentary
Remarks
| An almost complete leaf with the right margin. PK AS 16.2 and PK AS 16.3 are two successive leaves. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | Hackstein 1995: 230ff. proposes to restore ka(lytär) instead of ka(ntär), but this is not supported by the manuscript. Note that we may have a subjunctive in future function here. In addition, it is likely that the same verb has to be assumed for the preceeding sentence, which is connected by the repetition ceṃ saimtsa : centsak saimtsa. |
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| n2 | tusāk warñai "starting with this" means: for this reason given, but there are many others. |
| n3 | śūke 'juice' here refers to the divine food of the first Golden Age. |
| n4 | ywārc yärttoṣ, lit. "dragged in the middle" here refers to the state of division and conflict inside human society between the classes, due to greed and jealousy. The locative plural wertsyaṃne has been translated by a singular here even though it refers to the multiple ways of association between humans (family, class, etc.). It does not refer to a single, concrete assembly. |
| n5 | calle cannot be related to the root tälā- (thus Adams 2013a: 270) for formal and semantic reasons. The complement miṣenta lit. 'fields' refers actually to the possessions of the Kṣatriyas. Now, some of them decide to renounce their assets and turn to a hermit's life. Therefore the likely meaning of calle is 'to avert, abandon, renounce'. From the formal point of view it can be an allegro form of the root kut-, cf. Malzahn 2010: 598f. |
| n6 | airpätte belongs to the root and here refers to a state of complete absence of worries, passions or sorrows called Ataraxia (lit. tranquillity') in the Classical philosophical tradition. |
References
Edition translation and commentary
Pinault 1989a: 149-220
other
Couvreur 1955: 113-114
Translations
Peyrot 2013b: a4 a5 (661), b2 b3 (716), b5 b6 (774); Schmidt 1974: b6 (54)
Bibliography
Adams, Douglas Q. 2013a. A dictionary of Tocharian B. Revised and greatly enlarged. 2nd ed. 2 vols. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Couvreur, Walter. 1955. “Nieuwe Koetsjische fragmenten van de Bibliothèque Nationale te Parijs.” In Handelingen van het Eenentwintigste Vlaams Filologencongres, 110–16.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Malzahn, Melanie. 2010. The Tocharian verbal system. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Pinault, Georges-Jean. 1989a. “Une version koutchéenne de l’Aggañña-sutta.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 3: 149–220.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
