IOL Toch 308
| Known as: | IOL Toch 308; H fol.168 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Michaël Peyrot. "IOL Toch 308". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch308 (accessed 14 Feb. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Michaël Peyrot |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | British Library (London) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | Skt.; TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānavarga |
| Passage: | 23.26end-24.7c |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 9.2 × 9.9 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project and the British Library.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// krau pe 20 3 || || ya cca |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// ya ḥ ṣe pa rkā wtse re ki śpā |
| a3 | /// ·t· we ñi • a dha rma pa da saṃ |
| a4 | /// ·[u] pa śā mya te • kuse ke klyau ṣo rmeṃ no |
| a5 | /// a krau pa tte • e kā haṃ jī vi taṃ śre ya ḥ |
| a6 | /// kw[r]i s̝pa pi kwa laṃ¯ ¯ts ka nte śā |
| b1 | /// ·[yā] yi na ḥ sa dā • ai śa mo pi |
| b2 | /// [k]wā re se sī nu ai na ke spe lke • e |
| b3 | /// ·e ntse prā kre 5 ya cca va rṣa śa taṃ |
| b4 | /// l[ñ]e • e kā haṃ jī vi taṃ śre ya ḥ |
| b5 | /// taṃ jī ve¯ ¯t• kwri s̝pa pi kwa |
| b6 | /// ḥ ṣe me kauṃ śa śā yo |
Transcription
| a1 | n1 /// kraupe 20-3 ॥ ॥ yac ca |
|---|---|
| a2 | n2 /// (śre)yaḥ ṣe pärkāwtse reki śpā¬ |
| a3 | ¬(lmeṃ)n3 /// (kan)t(e) weñi • adharmapadasaṃ¬ |
| a4 | ¬(hitaṃ)n4 /// · upaśāmyate • kuse keklyauṣormeṃ no |
| a5 | n5 /// akraupatte • ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyaḥ |
| a6 | n6 /// kwri ṣpä pikwalaṃts kante śā¬ |
| b1 | ¬(yi)n7 /// (dh)yāyinaḥ sadā • aiśamopi |
| b2 | n8 /// (pa)kwāre sesīnu ainake spelke • e¬ |
| b3 | ¬(kāhaṃ)n9 /// °·entse prākre 5 yac ca varṣaśataṃ |
| b4 | n10 /// °lñe • ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyaḥ |
| b5 | n11 /// (varṣaśa)taṃ jīvet kwri ṣpä pikwa¬ |
| b6 | ¬(laṃts)n12 /// (śreya)ḥ ṣeme kauṃ śaśāyo¬ |
| * | ¬(ṣ) |
Translation
| a1 | [TB] the 23rd [verse] collection (about the self). [SKT] even if (one spoke a hundred verses) |
|---|---|
| a2 | [SKT] (one profitable word) is better [TB] one profitable word is better |
| a3 | [TB] (even if) one spoke a hundred (verses) [SKT] if they are composed of senseless words, |
| a4 | [SKT] (having heard it,) one calms down [TB] having heard it, (one calms down) |
| a5 | [TB] (with bad morals) and not concentrated [SKT] a life of one single day is better |
| a6 | [TB] even if one lived a hundred years |
| b1 | [SKT] always for him (who is wise) and meditating [TB] (always) for him who is wise (and meditating) |
| b2 | [TB] lazy and devoid of energy [SKT] (a life of) one single day (is better) |
| b3 | [TB] (for him who exerts) strong (energy) [SKT] even if (one lived) a hundred years |
| b4 | [TB] (not seeing arising and passing away) [SKT] a life of one single day is better |
| b5 | [SKT] (even if) one lived (a hundred years) [TB] even if (one lived a hundred) years |
| b6 | [SKT] (a life of one single day is better) [TB] a life of one single day (is better) |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Bernhard 1965: 296-299; Hahn 2007: 82-83 |
Remarks
| Fragment of the right side of a leaf: upper, lower and right margins are preserved. On IDP, recto and verso are reversed. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | Uv.23.26end-24.1a ātmavargaḥ || yac ca gāthāśataṃ bhāṣed |
|---|---|
| n2 | Uv.24.1c ekam arthapadaṃ śreyo |
| n3 | Uv.24.2a-b yac ca gāthāśataṃ bhāṣed anarthapadasaṃhitam |
| n4 | Uv.24.2d yac chrutvā hy upaśāmyati, here upaśāmyate. Although upaśāmyati is only reconstructed by Bernhard 1965: 297, it has a parallel in upaśāmyati Uv. 24.1d (which, in turn, has a variant reading (u)paśamyate). |
| n5 | Uv.24.3b-c duḥśīlo hy asamāhitāḥ / ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyaḥ |
| n6 | Uv.24.4a yac ca varṣaśataṃ jīved |
| n7 | Uv.24.4d prājñasya dhyāyinaḥ sadā |
| n8 | Uv.24.5b-c kusīdo hīnavīryavān / ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyo |
| n9 | Uv.25.5d-6a vīryam ārabhato dṛḍham // yac ca varṣaśataṃ jīved |
| n10 | Uv.24.6b-c apaśyann udayavyayam / ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyaḥ |
| n11 | Uv.24.7a yac ca varṣaśataṃ jīved |
| n12 | Uv.24.7c ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ śreyaḥ |
References
Online access
Edition
Peyrot 2007: №308; Peyrot 2008a: 105
Bibliography
Bernhard, Franz. 1965. Udānavarga. Band I, Einleitung, Beschreibung der Handschriften, Textausgabe, Bibliographie. Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden 10. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht.
Hahn, Michael. 2007. Vom rechten Leben, Buddhistische Lehren aus Indien und Tibet, Aus dem Sanskrit und aus dem Tibetischen übersetzt und herausgegeben. Frankfurt am Main/Leipzig: Verlag der Weltreligionen (im Insel Verlag).
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2007. “An edition of the Tocharian fragments IOL Toch 1 – IOL Toch 822 in the India Office Library.” International Dunhuang Project. 2007. http://idp.bl.uk/database/oo_cat.a4d?shortref=Peyrot_2007.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008a. “More Sanskrit – Tocharian B bilingual Udānavarga fragments.” Indogermanische Forschungen 113: 83–125.
