IOL Toch 225
| Known as: | IOL Toch 225; H add.149.105; C.105 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Michaël Peyrot. "IOL Toch 225". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch225 (accessed 07 Feb. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Michaël Peyrot |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Unknown |
| Collection: | British Library (London) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | Skt.; TB |
| Linguistic stage: | classical |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Udānavarga |
| Passage: | 25.8b-25.14b |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Doctrine |
| Verse/Prose: | prose |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Size (h × w): | 9.0 × 4.0 cm |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from idp.bl.uk by courtesy of the International Dunhuang Project and the British Library.
Transliteration
| a1 | /// • y[o] na ro |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// [r]·[sau] wñe ma ntrā |
| a3 | /// – • ya ma s[k]e |
| a4 | /// cwī tsme tra |
| a5 | /// – sthāṃ • pre re |
| a6 | /// [n]ai va pā pa |
| b1 | /// ·[kn]· sa¯ ¯s̝p |
| b2 | /// ·[kn]· sa • • |
| b3 | /// ·[s]· • a sa nto |
| b4 | /// – va ma pi [c]e |
| b5 | /// – rsa naṃ • dā |
| b6 | /// [t]āṃ pa ryu pā |
Transcription
| a1 | n1 /// • yo naro |
|---|---|
| a2 | n2 /// (kä)r(t)sauwñe mäntrā¬ |
| a3 | ¬(kka)n3 /// – • yamaske¬ |
| a4 | ¬(mane)n4 /// cwī tsmeträ |
| a5 | n5 /// (kalāpa)sthāṃ • prere |
| a6 | n6 /// naiva pāpa¬ |
| b1 | ¬(sakhā)n7 /// (kuce-y)kn(e)sa ṣp |
| b2 | n8 /// (te-y)kn(e)sa • • |
| b3 | n9 /// (añmant)s(e) • asanto |
| b4 | n10 /// (jī)vam api ce¬ |
| b5 | ¬(d)n11 /// (kä)rsanaṃ • dā¬ |
| b6 | ¬(rvī)n12 /// (paṇḍi)tāṃ paryupā¬ |
| * | ¬(sate) |
Translation
| a1 | [SKT] if a man (ties up) |
|---|---|
| a2 | [TB] so virtue (arises from union with the virtuous) |
| a3 | [TB] (if one keeps company with someone) who does [bad things] |
| a4 | [TB] and he will get (a bad name) |
| a5 | [SKT] (a poisoned arrow) [poisons unpoisoned arrows] in a quiver [TB] a (poisoned) arrow [poisons unpoisoned arrows] (in a quiver) |
| a6 | [SKT] one (should) not (be friends) with the evil |
| b1 | [TB] and like (whom he keeps company with) |
| b2 | [TB] (his company is) like that |
| b3 | [TB] (seeing) his own (ripened fruit) [SKT] (he should not keep company) with the bad |
| b4 | [SKT] even if all his life (a fool) |
| b5 | [TB] (he does not) know (the law) [SKT] (like) a spoon [does not know] (the taste of the soup) |
| b6 | [SKT] honours the wise |
Commentary
Parallel texts
| Bernhard 1965: 312-313; Hahn 2007: 87-88 |
Remarks
| Fragment from the right side of a leaf: the upper, lower, and right margins are preserved. | |
| According to Broomhead 1962: 363 "[w]ritten in medium ductus, and slightly abraded". |
Philological commentary
| n1 | Uv.25.8b yo naro hy upanahyati |
|---|---|
| n2 | Uv.25.8d sad evaṃ saṃgamāt satām |
| n3 | Uv.25.9b kurvāṇam upasevate |
| n4 | Uv.25.9d avarṇaś cāsya vardhate |
| n5 | Uv.25.10c śaro liptaḥ kalāpasthān |
| n6 | Uv.25.10f naiva pāpasakhā bhavet |
| n7 | Uv.25.11b yādṛśaṃ copasevate |
| n8 | Uv.25.11d saṃsevā hy asya tādṛśī; the double "• •" just fills the line. |
| n9 | Uv.25.12b-c dṛṣṭvā saṃpākam ātmanaḥ / asanto nopaseveta |
| n10 | Uv.25.13a yāvajjīvaṃ pi ced bālaḥ; the wording here slightly deviates from Bernhard’s text: we expect °vaṃ pi instead of °vam api with one syllable more. |
| n11 | Uv.25.13c-d na sa dharmaṃ vijānāti darvī sūparasān iva, here apparently dārvī (the akṣara dā is clear). |
| n12 | Uv.25.14b paṇḍitāṃ paryupāsate |
References
Online access
Edition
Broomhead 1962: 363-364; Peyrot 2007: №225; Peyrot 2008a: 108
Bibliography
Bernhard, Franz. 1965. Udānavarga. Band I, Einleitung, Beschreibung der Handschriften, Textausgabe, Bibliographie. Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden 10. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht.
Broomhead, J.W. 1962. “A textual edition of the British Hoernle, Stein and Weber Kuchean manuscripts. With transliteration, translation, grammatical commentary and vocabulary. I = Edition.” PhD, Cambridge: Trinity College.
Hahn, Michael. 2007. Vom rechten Leben, Buddhistische Lehren aus Indien und Tibet, Aus dem Sanskrit und aus dem Tibetischen übersetzt und herausgegeben. Frankfurt am Main/Leipzig: Verlag der Weltreligionen (im Insel Verlag).
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2007. “An edition of the Tocharian fragments IOL Toch 1 – IOL Toch 822 in the India Office Library.” International Dunhuang Project. 2007. http://idp.bl.uk/database/oo_cat.a4d?shortref=Peyrot_2007.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2008a. “More Sanskrit – Tocharian B bilingual Udānavarga fragments.” Indogermanische Forschungen 113: 83–125.
