A 341
| Known as: | A 341; THT 975 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling. "A 341". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a341 (accessed 05 Dec. 2023). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Šorčuq |
| Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 91.22 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection (BBAW) |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | classical |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Koṭikarṇa-Avadāna |
| Passage: | b |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | verse |
| Meter: | M20_22_10_15 |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | koṭikarṇa |
| Preceding fragment: | A 340 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 9 |
Transliteration
(continues from A 340)
| a1 | o si ti¯ ¯s o ko ñä kciṃ o ṣeṃ o ko ña re ṣīṃ /// |
|---|---|
| a2 | rro ki kuli lmo sṣe ṣte mi la pa ṣṣā sā na¯ ¯cä ya la ka syo sa¯ ¯s : pre tka /// |
| a3 | na sa¯ ¯m lyu tā rme ma ṣpa ṣñi klyo miṃ śwā tsi kcaṃ : 80 9 kulyi we ñāṃ e mci /// |
| a4 | ṭi ka rṇe na¯ ¯cä : kā ru ṇi knā ta¯ ¯k kka śśi ñ[wa] sa /// |
| a5 | mpa(·) ñ· w· ryo pa pru tkā rwi māṃ : kuli ye¯ ¯s̝ /// |
| a6 | lyā¯ ¯k : we tā¯ ¯m kule ya cka śśi na sa¯ ¯m śwā tsi kly· /// |
| a7 | l[ya] ly[pu] rṣi wa¯ ¯nt wo rtaṃ ku mpaṃ ṣū [ti] spā¯ ¯l pa ktaṃ ymā rtmaṃ ka pśa ñi : ṣñi lya lypaṃ ntu /// |
| a8 | – – [ś]·[i] na sa mwe śwā tsi pū tkā ñi ta mne ktā ma cwe tma ksā¯ ¯m ā stā¯ ¯k e¯ ¯k śwā tsyo /// |
| a9 | – – – – – ·[lya] lypaṃ ntu ya syā mtsā¯ ¯cä ā – – maṃ sā¯ ¯m 90 3 ku sne sa sla pa¯ ¯s̝ ka ka /// |
| b1 | – – – – – – ·w· tsi yo ktsi ce mma ñcā¯ ¯nt : ś[wā] – – tma ccā¯ ¯k e¯ ¯s̝t ā lu pe nū : wlo¯ – /// |
| b2 | – – – ṣsāṃ nā ñi se yo śäṃ ṣe¯ ¯s̝ ku cne ñū¯ ¯k : śwā tsi yo ktsi tā syā yi maṃ ca /// |
| b3 | – ·u¯ ¯s̝ śwā ltā [p]i¯ ¯m ypā tmi scaṃ o ko wä rpnā ta¯ ¯r 90 5 ku sne sāṃ e¯ ¯k śwā ṣsāṃ ne /// |
| b4 | ¯m ā¯ ¯s e¯ ¯k śwā¯ ¯nt ñū kśkaṃ ce snaṃ ma ñcā we : ñä kta saṃ /// |
| b5 | rṇe vā sa va grā mtā mṣū kṣaṃ wra sa śśi wa saṃ /// |
| b6 | ¯k e ntsā¯ ¯t po ke : kā ma [t]aṃ sā mpre tā¯ ¯ñcä śla ·w· /// |
| b7 | ñcce ṣmā kwra sa ñwe ñā rko ṭi ka rṇe sā rtha vā¯ ¯k ytā raṃ ña ka skā pñe śo¯ ¯l /// |
| b8 | ntā psa¯ ¯m ā kṣñāṃ ma rka mpa lsro tā pa ttu ne ka lpā¯ ¯t o ko sa¯ ¯m : ā /// |
| b9 | raṃ pā ca rmā ca rwa slo kā sū pta sne ṣā 90 9 śä kwe pi /// |
Transcription
(continues from A 340)
| 88b | a1ositis o;ko ñäkciṃ ; oṣeṃ oko ; ñareṣīṃ |
|---|---|
| 88c | /// 10σ |
| 88d | 15σ (80-8) |
| 89a | (tmaṃ) (aptsa)a2rr oki ; kuli lmos ṣeṣ temi ; lapäṣṣ āsānac ; yalakäsyo sas : |
| 89b | pret ka(kärku) ; (ṣeṣ) 17σ |
| 89c | 10σ |
| 89d | (kaśśi) /// a3nasam ; lyutār memaṣ ; paṣ-ñi klyomiṃ ; śwātsik caṃ : 80-9 |
| 90a | kulyi weñā-ṃ em-ci ; /// 15σ |
| 90b | 15σ ; (weñār) (ko)a4ṭi;karṇenac : |
| 90c | kāruṇik nātäk ; «†k»kaśśiñ was a(ryu) |
| 90d | /// 15σ |
| 91a | 10σ ; (u)a5mpa(r)ñ(äṃ) w(a)ryo ; paprutkār wimāṃ : |
| 91b | kuli yeṣ /// 20σ |
| 91c | 8σ (ā)a6lyāk : |
| 91d | we tām kuleyac ; kaśśi nasam ; śwātsi kly(omiṃ) ; (pūtkā-ñi) (90-1) |
| 92a | /// 20σ |
| 92b | 4σ ; a7lyalypurṣin1 want ; worta-ṃ kumpaṃ ; ṣūti spāl ; pakt-äṃ ymār tmaṃ ; kapśañi : |
| 92c | ṣñi lyalypäṃntu(yo) ; /// 5σ |
| 92d | a8n2 – 15σ |
| 93a | (ka)ś(ś)i nasam we ; śwātsi pūtkā ñi ; tämnek tāmac we ; tmäk sām ās tāk ek «:» |
| 93b | śwātsy o(sāt) /// 19σ |
| 93c | 10σ a9 (:) |
| 93d | (pärksātäṃ) (kuc) ; lyalypäṃntu yas ; yāmtsāc ā(kṣñā) ; (klyo)m{a/i}ṃ sām 90-3 |
| 94a | kus ne säs lapäṣ ; kakä(rku) /// 12σ |
| 94b | 15σ b1n3 – – – – – – ; (ś)w(ā)tsi yoktsi ; cem mäñcānt : |
| 94c | śwā(l) (mā) (śwā)t mäccāk ; eṣt ālu penū : |
| 94d | wlo(s) /// 14σ |
| 95a | 9σ b2– – (śwā)ṣ ; sāṃ nāñi seyo ; śäṃ ṣeṣ kuc ne ñūk : |
| 95b | śwātsi yoktsi ; tāsy āyim-äṃ ; ca(m) /// 13σ |
| 95c | 10σ |
| 95d | 2σ b3(ant)uṣ ; śwāl tāpim ypā ; tmis caṃ oko ; wärpnātär 90-5 |
| 95a | kus ne sāṃ ek śwāṣ ; sāṃ ne(ṣā) /// 12σ |
| 96b | 11σ (sā)b4m ; ās ek śwānt ; ñūk śkaṃ cesnaṃ ; mäñcāwe : |
| 96c | ñäktasaṃ /// 7σ |
| 96d | 15σ |
| 97a | (yśe) (koṭika)b5rṇe ; vāsavagrām tām ; ṣūkṣaṃ wrasaśśi ; wasäṃ (ckācar) (naṣ) (:) |
| 97b | /// 22σ |
| 97c | 5σ ; (tmä)b6k entsāt poke : |
| 97d | kāmatäṃ sām ; pretāñc śla (l)w(ā) ; /// 7σ |
| 98a | 20σ |
| 98b | (träṅki)b7ñc ceṣ māk ; wrasañ weñār ; koṭikarṇe ; sārthavāk ; ytāraṃ ñakäs ; kāpñe śol |
| 98c | /// 10σ |
| 98d | 15σ |
| 99a | 2σ (kra)b8ntāp säm ; ākṣñāṃ märkampal ; srotāpattune ; kälpāt oko säm : |
| 99b | ā /// 21σ |
| 99c | 10σ |
| 99d | (ākṣiññā)b9räṃ ; pācar mācar ; was lo kāsū ; ptas neṣā 90-9 |
| 100a | śäk we pi (puklā) ; /// 15σ |
Translation
(continues from A 340)
| a1 | (By day I enjoy) the heavenly fruit of moral behaviour, by night the hellish fruit (of adultery. Koṭikarṇa continued on his way. He came to a lake next to which there was a palace, which he entered. 88. Therein) |
|---|---|
| a2 | was a woman, [beautiful] as an apsaras. To the top of her seat a preta (was) tied with ropes (and another to the foot of her seat. Koṭikarṇa was greeted in a friendly way by the woman and she inquired about the state he was in. He answered: Hungry) |
| a3 | I am beyond all measure. Give me, oh noble one, something to eat! 89. The woman said to him: "I will give you [something] (but you must not give anything to the two there. She gave him food and went out. Immediately the two came and said) |
| a4 | to Koṭikarṇa: Compassionate lord, long we have been hungry! (Koṭikarṇa gave them food out of compassion. But as soon as the two put the food into their mouths, it turned into blood and puss, and they spat it out again.) |
| a5 | They filled the palace with an evil smell. The woman came (and saw what had happened and rebuked Koṭikarṇa for his compassion. In the meantime there came) |
| a6 | another (woman). She said to the first woman: Hungry I am, oh noble one, [my] food (allocate to me! 91. This one answered: eat the food that has been allocated to you. Immediately a pot appeared, filled with boiling water.) |
| a7 | The wind of deeds threw her head first into the pot [and] quickly boiled her body [in it]. (By) her deeds ... (A fresh wind made her alive again, and she then devoured her own boiled flesh. Thereupon a second woman came and) |
| a8 | said: I am hungry. Allocate my food to me! In the same way she spoke to this one. Immediately, she became a she-goat [and] began to eat fodder. (Koṭikarṇa mused: I have not died. How have I ended up in the realm of the pretas? He then turned to the woman and asked her: What) |
| a9 | deeds have you done? The noble one told [him]: 93. This one, bound to the top [of the seat], (was my husband, the one at the foot of the seat was my son. The worthy Kātyāyana received) |
| b1 | food [and] drink from me. They scolded: (You do not) eat the food yourself; you also give it to others. You have shattered (our possessions (?) ... as a punishment you shall eat blood and puss. Now in retribution all they eat turns into blood and puss. The woman who eats her own) |
| b2 | flesh, this one was my son’s wife. What I would give her as food and drink to stock up, that (she ate herself or gave to others. When I rebuked her for this, she said: I did not do so! If I did,) |
| b3 | I will eat [my own] flesh. She did [do so and] now enjoys the fruit of it. 95. The one who eats the fodder, this one (was my servant) before. (When I told her to grind corn, she ate it herself or gave it to others. I took her to task, but she insisted: If I have done so, may I become a goat and eat fodder! In retribution) |
| b4 | she [now] is a goat that eats fodder. Myself, too, I had an evil disposition towards these. Among the gods (I will be reborn, after a brief sojourn amongst the pretas. And she added: Can you do me a favour? When Koṭikarṇa asked her what this was about, she said:) |
| b5 | Oh Koṭikarṇa, in Vāsavagrāma, the village of the humans, (there is) our (daughter, who has not learned to do good. Tell her about our suffering here among the pretas, and that her mother advises her to desist from her evil deeds. When Koṭikarṇa asked to be brought to Vāsavagrāma,) |
| b6 | she immediately took [his] arm [and] the preta-woman brought him with [his] animals (to Vāsavagrāma within a moment (?). In the meantime the other merchants had returned to Vāsavagrāma and had told there that they had lost Koṭikarṇa. Koṭikarṇa heard the people lament, and on his asking about the reason, they say): |
| b7 | These many people said that Koṭikarṇa, the caravan leader has lost [his] dear life on the way. (In order not to create fresh excitement, Koṭikarṇa kept secret his arrival, first attended to the preta-woman’s errand, and then went to Kātyāyana and sat down by the feet) |
| b8 | of the good one. This one taught him the law [and] as fruit [of this] he obtained the Srotāpatti rank. (He now wished to become a monk, but Kātyāyana made it clear to him that he would need his parents’ consent for this. When he now called on them and brought forward his request,) |
| b9 | father [and] mother said to him: Consider us first of all, oh good one! 99. Twelve (years he remained with his parents) |
Other
| a3 | «Give me, o noble one, something to eat!» The woman said to him: «I will give you [something], …» (Peyrot 2013c: 226) |
|---|---|
| a7 | Der Tatenwind warf sie kopfüber in den Topf, [und] schnell kochte ihr Körper darin. (Schmidt 1974: 130) |
| a9 | (Welche) Taten habt ihr getan? (Schmidt 1974: 446) |
| b1 | Sie schalten: "Du (issest) das Essen (nicht) selbst, du gibst auch anderen." (Schmidt 1974: 165) |
| b2 | What I would give her as food and drink to stock up, that … (Peyrot 2013c: 270) |
| b4 | Auch ich hegte böse Gesinnung gegen diese. (Schmidt 1974: 165) |
| b7 | Diese vielen Leute sagten, Koṭikarṇa, der Karawanenführer, hat auf dem Wege [sein] liebes Leben verloren. (Schmidt 1974: 126) |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
| This text immediately follows A 340. Only about a third of this leaf remains. |
Philological commentary
| The translation is largely based on Sieg 1952: 39-41, and Carling et al. 2009. Cf. the Chinese version in Chavannes 1911: II.249-257, which was used by Sieg to fill in the gaps in the translation (as above). | |
| The metre has 20/22/10/15 syllables, rhythm 5/5/5/5 + 8/7/7 + 5/5 + 8/7. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | Couvreur 1954c: 260 suggests to translate paktäṃ as intransitive “(and quickly) her (body) boiled (in it)”. |
|---|---|
| n2 | ās 'she-goat', cf. TB adj. aṣī̆ye (Couvreur 1954c: 260). |
| n3 | wlo- 'shattered': Couvreur 1954c: 261 supplements wlo(s). Cf. TB PPt wlau 'id.' |
References
Miscellaneous
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921a: 187-188; Sieg and Siegling 1921a p. 187, p. 188
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (73, 171), b4 (403), b5 (163), b7 (94); Hackstein 1995: a7 (88, 163), b7 (86, 163); Krause 1952: a5 (178); Peyrot 2013c: a3 (226), b2 (270); Schmidt 1974: a7 (130), a9 (446), b1 (165), b3 (355 n.1), b4 (395), b4 (165), b7 (126); Sieg 1952: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 (39-40); Thomas 1954a: a3 (728), b2 (729), b2 (758); Thomas 1957: a2 (302), a3 (131), a4 (131), a5 (131), a6 (131), a7 (131), a8 (131), a9 (131, 240), b1 (72), b2 (72), b4 (72), b6 (132), b7 (189, 201), b8 (132), b9 (132); Thomas 1969b: b8 (56); Thomas 1970b: b8 (273); Thomas 1970c: b2 (456)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Chavannes, Édouard. 1911. Cinq cents contes & apologuae, extraits du tripiṭaka chinois et traduits en français. Paris: Ernest Leroux.
Couvreur, Walter. 1954c. “Review of: Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen II, aus dem Nachlass hg. V. Werner Thomas.” Orientalische Literaturzeitung 5/6: 259–61.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1952. Westtocharische Grammatik, Band I. Das Verbum. Heidelberg: Winter.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013c. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD thesis, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1952. Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen II, aus dem Nachlass hg. v. Werner Thomas. Abhandl. d. Deutschen Akad. d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Kl. f. Sprachen, Literatur und Kunst 1. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921a. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Thomas, Werner. 1954a. “Die Infinitive im Tocharischen.” In Asiatica. Festschrift Friedrich Weller. Zum 65. Geburtstag, gewidmet von seinen Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, edited by Johannes Schubert and Ulrich Schneider, 701–64. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1957. Der Gebrauch der Vergangenheitstempora im Tocharischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Thomas, Werner. 1969b. “Toch. B pañäkti Gen. Sg.?” Sprache 15: 53–58.
Thomas, Werner. 1970b. “Zu einer stilistischen Besonderheit im Tocharischen.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 84: 254–80.
Thomas, Werner. 1970c. “Zu einigen Besonderheiten der tocharischen Syntax.” Orbis 19: 452–72.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.”
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