kärsnāṣ

Cite this page as:	"kärsnāṣ". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_A_kärsnāṣ (accessed 20 Apr. 2026).
Meaning:	“to know, understand, recognize”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TA
Equivalent in TB:	kärsā-
Lexeme variants:	kärsnāṣ
Person:	third
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	present
Root character:	a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-schwa
Stem:	present
Stem class:	6
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	active

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1	kärsnām
2	kärsnāt	kärsnāc
3	kärsnāṣ	śārsar, śārsar-äṃ, kärsneñc		kärsnātär

Lexeme family

• kärsā-
  • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv
    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.prs6

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid
      1	kärsnām
      2	kärsnāt	kärsnāc
      3	kärsnāṣ	śārsar, śārsar-äṃ, kärsneñc	kärsnātär

      • kärsnānt “knowing, understanding, recognizing” ptcp.prs6

        	sg.m	sg.f
        nom	kärsnānt	kärsnānt
        acc	kärsnāntāṃ	kärsnāntāṃ

      • kärsnāl “to know, understand, recognize” part.prs6

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m
        nom	kärsnāl	kärsnālyi	kärsnālye
        acc	kärsnāläṃ

      • kärsnātsi “to know, understand, recognize” inf.n.prs6

        	sg
        nom	kärsnātsi
        acc	kärsnātsi

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.subj5

      	sg.act	pl.act	sg.mid	pl.mid
      1		kärsimäs
      2				kärsācär
      3	krasaṣ	kärsiñc, kärseñc	kärsātär

      • kärsālune “understanding, knowledge” abstr.n.subj5

        	sg
        nom	kärsālune
        acc	kärsālune
        inst	kärsālunyo

      • kärsāl “to know, understand, recognize” part.subj5

        	sg.m	sg.f
        nom	kärsāl	kärsālyi
        acc	kärsāläṃ

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.pret1

      	sg.act	sg.mid
      1	śärsā
      2	śärṣaṣt
      3	śärs, śärs-äm	kärsāt

      • kärso “having understood, known” part.pret1

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	kärso, kärsont	kärsont	kärsoṣ, kärsont	kärsont
        acc	kärsont	kärsont	kärsoñcäs, kärsont	kärsont

        • kärsor “having understood, known” abstr.pret1

          	sg
          abl	kärsoräṣ

    • kärsā- “to know, understand, recognize” gv.imp1

      	sg.act	pl.act
      2	päkras	pkärsäs

  • kärs- “to make know(n), teach” kaus
    • kärs- “to make know(n), teach” kaus.prs8

      	sg.act
      2	śärsäṣt

      • śärsäsmāṃ “making know(n), teaching” part.prs8

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ
        acc	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ	śärsäsmāṃ

      • śärsässi “to make know(n), teach” inf.n.prs8

        	sg
        nom	śärsässi
        acc	śärsässi

    • kärs- “to make know(n), teach” kaus.pret2

      	sg.act	pl.act
      3	śaśärs, śaśärsā-m	śaśärsār

      • śaśärsu “to make know(n), teach” part.pret2

        	sg.m
        nom	śaśärsu

    • kärs- “to make know(n), teach” kaus.imp2

      	sg.act
      2	pśärs

Occurrences

kärsnāṣ

1	A 32 b2	ne tanis kälymeyaṃ –	(kä)rsnā(ṣ)	/// (ca)b3ṣ kumāralāṭeṃ ///
2	A 33 b5	pättāñä(ktañ) /// b5 pukā-k	kärsnāṣ	träṅkäṣ kupre(ne) /// b6
3	A 232 b7	b7 nt{†ä} ; mā	kärsnāṣ	kus ; ne wrasom
4	A 249 a3	naṣ ; mā säm	kärsnāṣ	; kāryap pärko ;
5	A 384 a1	a1	kärsnāṣ	: samanvāgama : prāptiyo
6	A 384 a3	lakṣana : ṣyaksuneṣiṃ ṣotreyo	kärsnāṣ	: upalakṣaṇeti yo rtha
7	A 384 a4	ne rup okät lotksā	kärsnāṣ	putäṅkāṣ : tämne-kk asaṃ
8	A 384 a5	cämpluneyā : a5 pältsäk	kärsnāṣ	putäṅkāṣ • käryäṣ saṃ
9	A 408.q a3	pinaṃ /// a3 ///	(kä)rsnāṣ	– /// b1 ///