Work in progress

THT 4001

Known as:	THT 4001; MIK III 7590
Cite this page as:	Adrian Musitz. "THT 4001". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht4001 (accessed 12 Jun. 2026).
Edition
Editor:	Adrian Musitz
Provenience
Main find spot:	Kizil Ming-öy
Expedition code:	T III MQ 7
Collection:	Berlin Turfan Collection
Language and Script
Language:	TB
Linguistic stage:	late
Script:	classical
Text contents
Text genre:	Non-literary
Text subgenre:	Contract
Verse/Prose:	prose
Object
Material:	ink on wood tablet
Form:	Woodslip
Number of lines:	14

Transliteration

a1	ñu kṣu nne tri ce me nne śa kṣu kt[n]e kuśi ñño ro ce pi lā nte sa l[a] ri kṣu ntsa ce¯ ¯u pre ke ne sa – l· – –
a2	ñca [ni] yi r· mcu ṣke ntse ma ñi ye ma sso ne ñe¯ ¯m cpi pro ce¯ ¯r [p]u rnā śä ñe¯ ¯m tai we s[t]eṃ ne [c]·[i] sa ṅka ntse
a3	ma ñi ye [pu] ṣpa ke rti ñe¯ ¯m cpi śa na ne tla ñe¯ ¯m mä • ne sa[ṃ] tai nai sa¯ ¯ñ so¯ ¯i e śku lke ñe¯ [¯m]
a4	[ce] e śku lke we ne yo l·· yai ke sta tsai pre ścai yai ne pā ta¯ ¯r m· ta rmeṃ ka ryā mte mo ko
a5	ṣa mā ne pa plā ku • ta ña ke se e śk[u] lke we ne spe mā skwä ntra tu ntse s̝a rmtsa ce e
a6	śku lke pla ṅkse mä • ne saṃ yu rpa ṣka ññe ṣa mā ne a bhi dha rmi ke bu ddha vrä d[dh]i ñe¯ [¯m]
a7	a ra ññe dha rma śa rme ñe¯ ¯m a ra ñe a rya vra ddhi ñe¯ ¯m ce¯ ¯ts pro ce¯ ¯r sa myo sa ñe¯ ¯m
a8	[ce¯] ¯ts ma nte pla ṅkse mne yne śa ññeṃ kuśā ne ntsa 1 10000 5 1000 snai ya kau snai pe ri c[e] – ka
a9	[ṣa¯] ¯ñ ta ko¯ [¯i] e [nṣk]e tse po sta ñ[ñ]e pre ke mā ke tra a lye ke pi ñä s̝s̝a lle m[ā] pre ks̝a lle ta ko¯ [¯i] ta ne sa ṅka
b1	dha re dha rma ttra te • a ra ññe dha rma ru ci • a ra ññ· dha [r]ma se ne • a ra ññe dha rma ra kṣi te • pra ska re
b2	a ga ma dha re bu ddha bha dre • pra skā re a ga ma dha re dha rma nā re • ṣle ta śa¯ ¯ñ pro ce¯ ¯r no ka rti • o rśa
b3	a rśo¯ ¯l • lā nte ka lyä a rcu ta • pre yo li o ko¯ ¯u ñä so¯ ¯i e ñci ke • lā nte kā rṣṣe a ro sa •
b4	ce¯ ¯u pre ke na ma – – [ā] r[y]a ka me [•] – [k]o ra ma kke • ma kce pi ka ñe ma sso ni ·[o] ·[o] – – –
b5	[pu] [rṇā] ke – ///

Transcription

a1	ñu kṣunne trice mennen1 śak ṣuktne kuśiññ= orocepi lānte salari kṣuntsa ceu prekene sä – l· – –
a2	ñca niyir(i) mcuṣkentse mañiye massone ñem cpi procer purnāśä ñem tai wes teṃne c(p)i saṅkantse
a3	mañiye puṣpakerti ñem cpi śana netla ñem mä • nesäṃ tainaisäñ soi eśkulke ñem
a4	ce eśkulke wene yol(yi)yai kestätsai preścaiyaine pātär m(ā)tärmeṃ käryāmte moko
a5	ṣamāne paplāku • ta ñake se eśkulke wene spe mā skwänträ tuntse ṣärmtsa ce e¬
a6	¬śkulke pläṅksemä • nesäṃ yurpaṣkaññe ṣamāne abhidharmike buddhavräddhi ñem
a7	araññe dharmaśarme ñem arañe aryavräddhi ñem cets procer samyosä ñem
a8	cets mante pläṅksemne yneśaññeṃ kuśānentsa 1 10000 5 1000 snai yakau snai peri ce – kä
a9	ṣañ takoi enṣketse postäññe preke mā ketra alyekepi ñäṣṣälle mā prekṣälle takoi tane saṅka¬
b1	¬dhare dharmattrate • araññe dharmaruci • araññ(e) dharmasene • araññe dharmarakṣite • praskare
b2	agamadhare buddhabhadre • praskāre agamadhare dharmanāre • ṣletaśañ procer nokarti • orśa
b3	arśol • lānte kalyä arcuta • preyoli okouñä soi eñcike • lānte kārṣṣe arosä •
b4	ceu prekena ma – – āryakame • – – koramakke • mäkcepi kañe massoni ·o ·o – –
b5	purṇāke – ///

Translation

a1	In the year nine, in the 3rd month, on the 17th day, under the rule of the Great Kuchean King Salare*. At this moment, (being present at ...?),
a2	a Prince Niyire*'s mañiye called Massone (and) his brother called [P]urnāśä, these two (are namely) us. Here (are) [his(?)] saṃgha's
a3	mañiye called Puṣpakerti (and) his wife called Netla. • (Here) is the son of those two called Eśkulke.
a4	[This] Eśkulke, we two bought from (his) father (and) mother in a bad, famine period. The Moko
a5	monk agreed. • [Here] (and) now, this Eśkulke is not happy near by us (i.e. by our side). For this reason, we sell this
a6	Eśkulke. (Here) are a [monk] of Yurpāṣka (with the title) Abhidharmike called Buddhavräddhi,
a7	an Araññe called Dharmaśarme, an Araññe called Aryavräddhi, (and) their brother called Samyosä.
a8	We sell him to them: 15000 Kuchean coins in cash(?). Without yakau, without (any)thing left to be paid. ...
a9	shall be (his/its) [own](?). Forever in the future, he should not be claimed by anyone else nor should be enquired about (by anyone else). [Here] (are): Dharmattrāte the Saṅka-
b1	-dhare • Dharmaruci the Araññe • Dharmasene the Araññe • Dharmarakṣite the Araññe •
b2	Buddhabhadre the Agamadhare (and) the Praskāre • Dharmanāre the Agamadhare (and) the Praskāre • Nokarti, the brother of the Ṣletaś • Arśol
b3	the Orśa • Arcu[t]a the King's kalyä • Eñcike, the son of the Oko_u* of Preyole* • Arosä the King's kārṣṣe •
b4	At this moment, ... [Ā]ryakame (or: [A]ryakame) ... Koramakke. The kañe of himself/oneself/itself ... of Massone ...
b5	[Puṇā]ke ... ///

Other

a1	九年三月十七（日），在龟兹大王 Salare* 的统治期间。此时，（在......处） (Ching 2017: 311f)
a2	Niyiri* 王子的一名奴仆名唤 Massone，其兄弟名唤 Purnāśä，这（便是）我等二人。在这里，（还有）他的僧伽的 (Ching 2017: 311f)
a3	一名唤作 Puṣpakerti 的奴仆，其妻名唤Netla。现在这里有（夫妻）俩的儿子名唤 Eśkulke。 (Ching 2017: 311f)
a4	这名 Eśkulke （乃）我等二人在凶恶饥馑之时，从（他的）双亲边买过来的。 (Ching 2017: 311f)
a5	（当时）已经获得担任首领（Moko）的沙门的允许。此时此刻，这名 Eśkulke 在我俩身边不幸福。因此我俩卖出 (Ching 2017: 311f)
a6	这名 Eśkulke。现在这里有耶婆瑟鸡的习论沙门，名唤 Buddhavräddhi； (Ching 2017: 311f)
a7	一位林栖者，名唤 Aryavräddhi；（以及）他们的兄弟，名为 Samyosä。 (Ching 2017: 311f)
a8	我俩将他卖给以上（？）诸人：现款15000龟兹钱。 (Ching 2017: 311f)

Commentary

Philological commentary

n1	Note the depalatalized menne for meñne.

Remarks

*	Picture of a woman with Añjali.

Alternative linguistic/paleographic classifications

Peyrot 2008	C
Tamai 2011	C14

References

Online access

IDP: THT 4001; TITUS: THT 4001

Edition

Ching 2010: 359-360; Ching 2017: 311f; Ching and Ogihara 2013: 101-128; Tamai 2007a: №4001

Translations

Ching 2017: a1 (311f), a2 (311f), a3 (311f), a4 (311f), a5 (311f), a6 (311f), a7 (311f), a8 (311f)