A 79
| Known as: | A 79; THT 712 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling. "A 79". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a79 (accessed 19 Jul. 2025). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 98.2 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | late |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Ṣaḍdanta-Jātaka |
| Passage: | h |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | 43434 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | A 55-88 |
| Preceding fragment: | A 75 |
| Following fragment: | A 67 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de by courtesy of the Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS).
Transliteration
(continues from A 75)
| a1 | /// – mpa lko [ra] [s̝pa] lskā tma [r]c· – – – ·[tā] pca mi ñā tse kle¯ ¯ñcä tma¯ ¯k ylā rpā ca rse ya cco ki ca¯ ¯m o |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// o ntaṃ tñi [n]s̝a [ṣ]ñā ts· na¯ ¯s̝ – ke¯ ¯k [ṣ]u pi ṣse ñi ā ri ñcā kā rmeṃ a na pra pe sā o ra mpa |
| a3 | /// [o] ṅka lmā ññā tse mā kle ñc· || tma¯ ¯s̝ bo dhi sa ttu ā ri¯ ¯ñcä wā kṣa ntāṃ ko s̝a ntāṃ pe n[u] ṣñi yä slu¯ ¯nt tso |
| a4 | /// cpu ku ā lyke sso ṅka lmā slo ka śśi¯ ¯k śla tso ti pka¯ ¯nt pka¯ ¯nt lwo ra¯ ¯s̝ o ṅ·· – – ·ka lka¯ ¯r o |
| a5 | /// [s]n· kri tā śśi || ta mka klyu ṣu ra ṣśa ru bo dhi sa tveṃ swā raṃ ra ke yo wso kyā mu – – – – – – o sā¯ |
| a6 | /// sl· ne ku sne nä¯ ¯s̝ l[m]eṃ o lā pe nu ca ṣkra ñcäṃ wra so ma ntā kā swo ne yo – – – – – – – – – |
| b1 | /// ku sne ka ci se kuya lśe – ¯r • o¯ ¯ṅk tra ṅka ṣnā ta¯ ¯k kā ko ṣtu na sa¯ ¯m || – – – – – – – – |
| b2 | /// ·p[ā] ṣlu ne ypa māṃ wra s̝a¯ ¯l ślā a śśi ku pre su bhā drā ñi wla lu ne mā kla s[m]āṃ – – – – – – – [p]eṃ |
| b3 | /// s̝[sa] mśa ru ā ka ryo pa pru tku¯ ¯nt a śä nyo tra pmāṃ ra ke yo tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ || – ·k· ·k· – || o ṅka lmā śśi nā |
| b4 | /// ā wu ywā rckā pra tskaṃ : kā swo ne ṣiṃ pa ryo nu cwā na¯ ¯s̝ o nu klo [pa] su ywā rckā [r]i ñc[aṃ] : mska ta rkā |
| b5 | /// ññaṃ pa¯ ¯l : kā swo ne yo yā – nu pa¯ ¯l ā kntsā śśi sa tka ta¯ ¯r tri ā [p]ā ytwaṃ : 1 – slu ntaṃ pe |
| b6 | /// ruṃ : kā· [w]· – ṣi sā mu [tra] – – cä mpi ṣpu ktra ṅktsi kā swo ne yntu : wa ltsu rā nu ta s̝tra ṅka¯ |
(continues on A 67)
Transcription
(continues from A 75)
| a1 | /// (tä)m pälkoräṣ pälskāt marc· – – – ·tāp cami ñātse kleñc tm-äk ylār pācar seyacc oki cam o |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// ontaṃ tñi nṣäṣ ñāts(e) naṣ (ṣñi)kek ṣu piṣ se ñi āriñcā kārmeṃ anaprä pesā oram pä¬ |
| a3 | (ṣtam) /// oṅkälmāñ ñātse mā kleñ-c(i) ॥ tmäṣ bodhisattu āriñc wākṣantāṃ koṣäntāṃ penu ṣñi yäslunt tso |
| a4 | n1 /// cpuku ālykess oṅkälmās lok aśśi-k śla tsoti pkänt pkänt lworäṣ oṅ(kälmāñ) (lek) kalkar o |
| a5 | /// (pkāmar) (ku)s n(e) kri tāś-śi ॥ täm kaklyuṣuräṣ śaru bodhisatveṃ swāräṃ rakeyo wsok yāmu – – – – – – osā° |
| a6 | /// sl(u)ne kus ne näṣ lmeṃ ·olā penu caṣ krañcäṃ wrasomäntā kāswoneyo – – – – – – – – – |
| b1 | /// (paprä)ku sne kaci se kuyal śe(rttā)r • oṅk träṅkäṣ nātäk kākoṣtu nasam ॥ – – – – – – – – |
| b2 | /// ·pāṣlune ypamāṃ wraṣäl ślā aśśi kupre subhādrā ñi wlalune mā kläsmāṃ – – – – – – – peṃ |
| b3 | n2 /// ṣ säm śaru ākäryo paprutkunt aśänyo trapmāṃ rakeyo träṅkäṣ ॥ (ṣāc)k(āc)k(eyaṃ) ॥ |
| 1a | oṅkälmāśśi ; nāb4(täk) 6σ /// āwu ; ywārckā pratskaṃ : |
|---|---|
| 1b | kāswoneṣiṃ ; päryo nu ; cwā näṣ onu ; klopasu ; ywārck= āriñcaṃ : |
| 1c | mskatär kā b5n3 13σ /// ññaṃ päl : |
| 1d | kāswoneyo ; yā(mu) nu ; päl ākntsāśśi ; sätkatär ; tri āpāytwaṃ : 1 |
| 2a | (yä)sluntaṃ pe ; b6 13σ /// ruṃ : |
| 2b | kā(s)w(one)ṣi ; sāmuträ ; – – cämpiṣ ; puk träṅktsi ; kāswoneyntu : |
| 3c | waltsurā nu ; täṣ träṅkä° ; |
(continues on A 67)
Translation
(continues from A 75)
| a1 | ... When [the Bodhisattva] saw this, he thought: Those shall not bring distress to the unlucky one. |
|---|---|
| a1+ | Immediately (he says), like an old father to [his] son, (to) the man: |
| a2 | ... Distress is never [to be] for you from me. Rather, son, come straight to my heart. |
| a2+ | Kneel(?)/bow down(?)/huddle down(?) before my feet. |
| a3 | ... the elephants should not bring you distress. |
| a3+ | Thereupon the Bodhisattva, having sheltered his heart-splitting, even murdering enemy (with) much (compassion) (close to his body) – the elephants are gone, since he has sent them, with a trumpet blast (?), one by one to the other elephants [that were] very far away – says to the man: |
| a4+ | take what you want to have. |
| a5+ | When he had heard this, the hunter, having been made glad by the sweet word of the Bodhisattva, began (to think to himself): |
| a6 | ... (I) who am, compared to this good creature of animal-kind itself, in virtue (surpassed (?) ... |
| b1 | (He began to cry and) being asked by the Bodhisattva without resentment: "O son, why art thou weeping?", the man says: "O lord, I am struck." ... |
| b2 | (The Bodhisattva says:) Did I bring you distress by giving [you] protection? |
| b2+ | Or say, [was it] Subhadrā, not enduring my death, [that] has caused you to weep? |
| b3 | (having heard this,) with his eyes overfilled by tears [and] a halting voice, the hunter says: || In the Ṣ.-tune: || |
| b3+ | Oh lord of elephants, (with the poisonous arrow) I have hit (you) in the middle of [your] breast. |
| b4 | But by [your] arrow of virtue I, the unlucky one, have been hit in the middle of [my] heart by you. |
| b4+ | Well [again] becomes... a wound in the body. |
| b5 | But a wound which has been made out of the virtue of the ignorant ones spreads in the three bad conditions. 1. |
| b5+ | Even towards [your] enemy (you did show) compassion. |
| b6 | [Oh] ocean of virtue. Who is able to tell all your merits? In brief, however, I will say this: |
(continues on A 67)
Other
| a1 | They must not bring distress onto the miserable one! (cf 13) (Peyrot 2013b: 243) |
|---|---|
| a1 | Nicht sollen diese [scil. die Elefanten] dem Unglücklichen Not bringen. (Schmidt 1974: 389) |
| a3 | The elephants will bring you no distress. (Peyrot 2013b: 226) |
| b1 | (Er begann zu weinen, und vom Bodhisattva befra)gt: Warum weinst du, [mein] Sohn, ohne Veranlassung(?)?" spricht der Mann: "Oh Herr, ich bin erschlagen." (Schmidt 1974: 93) |
| b2 | Have I perhaps brought [you] harm in offering [you] protection? (cf 13) (Peyrot 2013b: 281) |
| b2 | Habe ich [dir] etwa Leid gebracht, indem ich [dir] Schutz gewährte? (Schmidt 1974: 389) |
| b5 | Aber eine Wunde, die durch Tugendhaftigkeit Unverständigen in den drei Geburtsklassen gemacht ist, bleibt bestehen [wtl. breitet sich aus]. (Schmidt 1974: 278) |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
| This text continues from A 75 and continues on A 67. |
Philological commentary
| The translation is largely based on Sieg 1952: 13-14, and Carling et al. 2009. | |
| n2 | This tune has 4x18 syllables, rhythm 7/7/4. |
Linguistic commentary
| n1 | Couvreur 1954b: 260 suggests to translate ālykess oṅkälmās ... lworäṣ rather as “having sent away ... the other elephants”. |
|---|---|
| n3 | Couvreur 1954b: 260 suggests to translate kāswoneyo yā(mu) nu päl ākntsāśśi sätkatär tri āpāytwaṃ rather as “a wound caused by virtue, however, for the ignorant ones spreads into the three bad birth classes/conditions”. |
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 46-47; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 46, p. 47
Translations
Carling 2000: a2 (334, 336), b3 b4 (348), b4 (348); Hackstein 1995: a1 (314), a3 (129), b2 (314); Knoll 1996: a5 (41), b6 (61); Kölver 1965: a2 (142), b3 (17), b4 (20), b5 (126), b6 (60); TEB II: b5 (27); Peyrot 2013b: a1 (243), a3 (226), b2 (281); Schmidt 1974: a1 (389), b1 (93), b2 (389), b5 (278); Sieg 1952: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (13-14); Thomas 1957: a1 (87, 88), a3 a4 a5 (161), a5 (88), b1 (252), b2 (242), b3 b4 (281); Thomas 1958: a1 (305), a3 (305); Thomas 1968: a1 (208); Thomas 1971a: b4 (227); Thomas 1973: a1 (81), a2 a3 (81); Thomas 1983: a2 (45); Thomas 1997: a6 (75)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktion der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Couvreur, Walter. 1954b. “Review of: Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen II, aus dem Nachlass hg. v. Werner Thomas.” Orientalische Literaturzeitung 5/6: 259–61.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Knoll, Gabriele. 1996. “Die Verwendungsweisen der Adjektive im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Kölver, Bernhard. 1965. “Der Gebrauch der sekundären Kasus im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Peyrot, Michaël. 2013b. The Tocharian subjunctive. A study in syntax and verbal stem formation. Vol. 8. Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
Schmidt, Klaus T. 1974. “Die Gebrauchsweisen des Mediums im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Göttingen.
Sieg, Emil. 1952. Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen II, aus dem Nachlass hg. v. Werner Thomas. Abhandl. d. Deutschen Akad. d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Kl. f. Sprachen, Literatur und Kunst 1. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
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