A 77
| Known as: | A 77; THT 710 |
|---|---|
| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling. "A 77". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a77 (accessed 19 Jun. 2025). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Shorchuk |
| Specific find spot: | Stadthöhle |
| Expedition code: | T III Š 101.02 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | TA |
| Script: | late |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Ṣaḍdanta-Jātaka |
| Passage: | j |
| Text genre: | Literary |
| Text subgenre: | Jātaka/Avadāna |
| Verse/Prose: | prose; verse |
| Meter: | 5555 (1x), 444343 (1x), 55 (1x), 4443 (1x); 43434 (4x) |
Object | |
| Manuscript: | A 55-88 |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 6 |
Images
Images from titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de by courtesy of the Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS).
Transliteration
| a1 | /// || tma s̝sa mśa ru ma [t]n· wä rta c·· – – – tm· o ṅka la¯ ¯m o sma tne tma¯ ¯k o ṅka [la] mca mi śo lā pā |
|---|---|
| a2 | /// ā ṅka ra¯ ¯s tskā [t]ma¯ ¯nt pa tta mṣ· – [¯s̝] tka ni sme wlu ne ñä kcyā¯ ¯s pyā ppyā śśi s[w]ā slu ne ñä kta |
| a3 | /// – – sa tvāṃ [p]ā llu ne tā¯ ¯k ma – pa tnu wlā ñka¯ ¯t bo dhi sa tvā na cka nwe nā lyä¯ ¯m • [s]a mpe nu t[e] mi lā ntse |
| a4 | /// tma ṣce sa¯ ¯m ā ṅka ra slā ntse s[u] knā māṃ tra [ṅka] [ṣce] [sa¯] [¯s] [śkaṃ] [ā] [ṅka] [ra¯] [¯s] [tñi] [e] [ssi] – – – [||] [pr]· – [¯nt] swā |
| a5 | /// mkā ru ṇi kwra so¯ ¯m || śa ru tra ṅka ṣt·· n· – – [a] – [c]w· || ·u bhā dre naṃ || mā kā – – – – – – – – – |
| a6 | /// ·o ssi lywā¯ ¯s̝t o nmiṃ pyā mtsā¯ ¯r pta¯ ¯rk rse pa ltska ṣpu¯ ¯k cmo lwaṃ ma rś·aṃ r·e – – – – – – – – – |
| b1 | /// ā ṅka ra¯ ¯s lywā ci ce sa mpu rpā rklyo miṃ pyā mkṣā nti : 1 || ta mka klyu ṣu ra – – – – – – – – – |
| b2 | /// ka ka ltsāṃ tri¯ ¯k tka nā – || tma¯ ¯k [bra] [hma] [da] [tte] wä l·i [t]ā bhā sñe mi ntu – – – – – – – – – i |
| b3 | /// – drā lā¯ ¯ts ne ṣi nā¯ ¯s cmo [l]u o pyā c[k]lo shi ma [va]¯ ¯nt ṣu lyiṃ ka lyme ya¯ ¯cä s[p]ā – – – – – [ṅka] lmeṃ |
| b4 | /// ñcä mnā ka smāṃ tra ṅka¯ ¯s̝ || – st· n· – saṃ || hi¯ ¯śt sne śä kce ka rpi ñu¯ ¯k yä slyi r[o] ñcä mra ska ryo a |
| b5 | /// ne mā pa lko ra ṣko ssi wo tkāṃ – – ru ṇi kāṃ pa ltsa kyo knā nmu ne yo ā ṣtraṃ nyo r· ṣa kko ki : a |
| b6 | /// sāṃ wa rtsi tu ṅk[y]o : [1] ca ma s̝wä – – – ce¯ ¯m ā nā snāṃ tsu ṣwe ka ntra tā śśi [ka] lke¯ ¯ñcä : a ryu [p]a |
Transcription
| a1 | /// ॥ tmäṣ säm śaru mät n(e) wärtac (kälk) (mät) (ne) tm(ā) oṅkaläm os mät ne tm-äk oṅkaläm cami śolā pā |
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| a2 | /// āṅkaräs tskāt mänt pat täm ṣ(urma)ṣ tkanis mewlune ñäkcyās pyāppyāśśi swāslune ñäkta |
| a3 | /// (bodhi)satvāṃ pāllune tāk mä(nt) pat nu wlāñkät bodhisatvānac kanwenā lyäm • säm penu temi lāntse |
| a4 | /// tmäṣ cesäm āṅkaräs lāntse suknāmāṃ träṅkäṣ cesäs śkaṃ āṅkaräs tñi essi – – – ॥ pr· – nt swā |
| a5 | n1 /// m kāruṇik wrasom ॥ śaru träṅkäṣ t··n· – – a – cw· ॥ (s)ubhādrenaṃ ॥ |
| 1a | mā kā – – – – – – – – – a6 18σ |
|---|---|
| 1b | 1σ /// ·ossi lywāṣt ; onmiṃ pyāmtsār ; ptark rse pältskäṣ ; puk cmolwaṃ ; mar ś(k)aṃ r·e – ; – – – |
| 1c | – – – – – b110σ |
| 1d | 1σ /// āṅkaräs ; lywā-ci cesäm ; purpār klyomiṃ ; pyām kṣānti : 1 ॥ |
| * | täm kaklyuṣurä(ṣ) – – – – – – – – – |
|---|---|
| b2 | /// kakältsā-ṃ trik tkanā (klā) ॥ tm-äk brahmadatte wäl ·itābhās ñemintu – – – – – – – – – i |
| b3 | /// (bhā)drā lāts neṣinās cmolu opyāc klos himavant ṣulyiṃ kälymeyac spā – – – – (o)ṅkälmeṃ |
| b4 | n2 /// ñcäm nākäsmāṃ träṅkäṣ ॥ – st·n· – saṃ ॥ |
| 1a | hiśt sne śäkce ; kärpi ñuk ; yäslyi roñcäm ; räskäryo ; a b5n3 3σ |
|---|---|
| 1b | 9σ /// ne mā ; pälkoräṣ ; kossi wotkā-ṃ (:) |
| 1c | (kā)ruṇikāṃ ; pältsäkyo ; knānmuneyo ; āṣträṃnyo ; r(i)ṣakk oki : |
| 1d | a b6 12σ /// sāṃ ; wartsi tuṅkyo : 1 |
| 2a | camäṣ wä – ; – – cem ; ānās nāṃtsuṣ ; wekanträ ; tā =śśi kälkeñc : |
| 2b | aryu pa |
Translation
| a1+ | ... Thereupon the hunter [told] how he (went) to the forest, (how) he there hit the elephant, how immediately the elephant, to keep him alive, (hid him, how then he himself) pulled out the tusks, or how, because of this, the earthquake, the raining of divine flowers [and] the praising of the Bodhisattva (by) gods, (humans), ... happened, or how even Indra sat on his knees before the Bodhisattva. |
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| a3+ | That, too, (he told (?)) to the queen... |
| a4 | Thereupon, presenting the tusks to the queen, he says: And these tusks (he commanded me) to give to you. |
| a4+ | Shedding tears (the queen speaks:) |
| a5 | (What said (?)) the compassionate being? The hunter speaks: || In the S.-tune: || |
| a5+ | Not well (you did, when you sent the hunter) to kill (me(?)). |
| a6 | Repent! Drop the hate from [your] thoughts in all births and do not (let) the hate (?) ... |
| b1 | ... the tusks I sent to you; take them, oh noble one, [and] forgive! 1. |
| b2 | When (Bhadrā) had heard this, ... threatened (all) her (veins), she fainted [and] (fell) to the ground. |
| b2+ | Immediately king Brahmadatta let Śītābhāsa-pearls (be brought (?)) |
| b3+ | (Thereupon) queen Bhadrā (, having come round again,) speaks, remembering [her] previous births, turning towards the mountainous region of the Himavant (and) thinking (?) (of her birth) as an elephant ... reproaching herself: |
| b4 | || In the H.-tune: || |
| b4+ | Oh! Ignorant and mean, because of hostility, jealousy and hatred, not considering his (virtue), I have ordered to kill him. |
| b5 | The one compassionate and in spirit [and] mind pure, like a wise man... the followers with love. |
| b6 | 1. Separated from him, they have (now) become unprotected [and] they will break asunder. I wonder where they will be going? Long |
Other
| a1+ | Darauf [berichtete] der Jäger, wie (er) zum Walde (ging, wie) er dort den Elefanten traf, wie der Elefant (ihn) sofort, (um) ihn am Leben zu erhalten, (Verbarg, wie er dann selbst(?)) [sich] die Stoßzähne ausriss, ... (Schmidt 1974: 325, 368) |
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| a6 | Bereue, entlass den Hass aus [deinem] Denken in allen Geburten ... (Schmidt 1974: 338) |
| b1+ | Als [Bhadrā] das gehört hatte, ... lähmte (alle) ihre (Adern), sie wurde ohnmächtig [und] fiel zur Erde. (Schmidt 1974: 124) |
| b6 | Having been separated from him, they have now become miserable and will fall apart. Where will they go? (cf 16) (Peyrot 2013b: 219) |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| This text continues from A 67, continues on A 80. |
Philological commentary
| The translation is largely based on Sieg 1952: 15-16, and Carling et al. 2009. | |
| n1 | This tune has 20/22/10/15 syllables, rhythm 5/5/5/5 + 8/7/7 + 5/5 + 8/7. |
| n2 | This tune has 4x18 syllables, rhythm 7/7/4. |
Linguistic commentary
| n3 | Couvreur 1954b: 259f. suggests to translate (kā)ruṇikāṃ pältsäkyo knānmuneyo āṣträṃnyo r(i)ṣakk oki rather as “with a compassionate spirit and a pure mind, like a wise one”, riṣak being nominative. |
|---|
References
Online access
Edition
Sieg and Siegling 1921: 45; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 45
Translations
Carling 2000: a1 (55, 115), a3 (215), a6 (243), b3 (109); Hackstein 1995: a2 (140); Knoll 1996: b4 (38), b5 (87), b6 (28); Kölver 1965: a3 (87), a6 (106, 136), b3 (86); Meunier 2013: a6 (177); Peyrot 2013: a2 a3 a4 a5 (164-165); Peyrot 2013b: b6 (219); Schmidt 1974: a1 (368), a1 a2 (325), a1 a2 (325, 368), a6 (338), b1 b2 (124); Sieg 1952: a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 (15-16); Sieg and Siegling 1983: b5 (139); Thomas 1954: a4 (729), b4 b5 (732); Thomas 1957: a1 a2 a3 (233), b1 b2 (89), b4 b5 (187); Thomas 1967: b5 (269); Thomas 1969: a2 a3 (262), b2 (257); Thomas 1970: b5 (259); Thomas 1972: b4 (469); Thomas 1976a: b5 (77); Thomas 1981: a6 (488); Thomas 1983: a1 (39), b3 (16), b3 (26); Thomas 1988: a3 (251)
Bibliography
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Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Couvreur, Walter. 1954b. “Review of: Übersetzungen aus dem Tocharischen II, aus dem Nachlass hg. v. Werner Thomas.” Orientalische Literaturzeitung 5/6: 259–61.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. HS Erg.-Heft 38. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
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Kölver, Bernhard. 1965. “Der Gebrauch der sekundären Kasus im Tocharischen.” PhD, Universität Frankfurt am Main.
Meunier, Fanny. 2013. “Typologie des locutions en yām- du tokharien.” Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 14: 123–85.
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