A 414
| Known as: | A 414; THT 1048; T II S 56.1; MIK III 28 |
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| Cite this page as: | Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (translation). "A 414". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-a414 (accessed 04 Sep. 2026). |
Edition | |
| Editor: | Gerd Carling; Adrian Musitz (translation) |
Provenience | |
| Main find spot: | Sengim |
| Expedition code: | T II S 56.1 |
| Collection: | Berlin Turfan Collection |
Language and Script | |
| Language: | Skt.; TA |
| Script: | late |
Text contents | |
| Title of the work: | Karmavācana |
| Text genre: | Literary |
Object | |
| Material: | ink on paper |
| Form: | Poṭhī |
| Number of lines: | 5 |
Images
Images from titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de by courtesy of the Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS).
Transliteration
| a1 | ni pa ti t[a] [ḥ] kiṃ saṃ gha sya ka ra ṇī yaṃ • || sa ṅka ste ryā ñce tra ṅka¯ ¯l • 1 || po ṣa tha • pra vā ra ṇā • tma¯ ¯s̝ ka rma |
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| a2 | vā ckā ñce tra ṅka¯ ¯l • || a nā ga tā nā mā yu ṣma ntya ccha ndaṃ pā ri śu ddhiṃ cā ro ca ya ta ā ro ci ta ñca |
| a3 | • pra ve da ya ta ya du ta po ṣa tha • pra vā ra ṇā ya • kā u tsa ha nte saṃ gha sya • pra vā rā pa ki nya |
| a4 | • 1 || tma¯ ¯s̝ tri pra vā rā pa kā ñcā śśi o rto kā ta ṅkā¯ ¯l ne yaṃ ka nwe nā s̝ma¯ ¯l • tma¯ ¯s̝ ka rma vā ckā |
| a5 | ñce tra ṅka¯ ¯l • 1 || u tsa ha si tvaṃ ā rya śi kṣā • saṃ gha sya pra vā rā pa ki nī • u tsa ha si tvaṃ ā rya śi k·ā • – |
| lf | 100 20 6 |
| b1 | gha sya pra vā rā pa ki nyau • 1 || to smā śśi tra ṅka¯ ¯l • u tsa hā mi • tma¯ ¯s̝ ka rma wā ckā ñce pra vā rā pa kā ñc· – |
| b2 | kā ra¯ ¯m tra ṅka¯ ¯l • 1 || śṛ ṇo tvā rya saṃ gha • ā rya śī kṣā • ra tna śi kṣā ca bhi kṣu ṇī • u tsa ha nte • sa· |
| b3 | gha sya pra vā rā pi kā • sa ce tsaṃ gha sya • prā pta kā laṃ kṣa ma te • a nu jā nī yā tsaṃ gha • ya tsa |
| b4 | ma gra saṃ gha • i yaṃ ā rya śī kṣā • ra tna śi kṣā ñca • sa gha sya • pra vā rā pi kāṃ sa nma nye ta e ṣā |
| b5 | jña pti • śṛ ṇo tvā rya saṃ gha • i yaṃ ā rya śī kṣā • ra tna śī kṣā ca bhi kṣu ṇī • u tsa ha nte • saṃ ghā sya • pra vā |
Transcription
| lf | 100-20-6 |
| a1 | nipatitaḥ kiṃ saṃghasya karaṇīyaṃ • ॥ saṅkäs teryāñce träṅkäl • 1 ॥ poṣatha • pravāraṇā • tmäṣ karma¬ |
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| a2 | ¬vāckāñce träṅkäl • ॥ anāgatānām āyuṣmantya cchandaṃ pāriśuddhiṃ cārocayata ārocitañ ca |
| a3 | • pravedayata yad uta poṣatha • pravāraṇāya • kā utsahante saṃghasya • pravārāpakinya |
| a4 | • 1 ॥ tmäṣ tri pravārāpakāñcāśśi orto kātäṅkāl neyaṃ kanwenā ṣmäl • tmäṣ karmavāckā¬ |
| a5 | ¬ñce träṅkäl • 1 ॥ utsahasi tvaṃ āryaśikṣā • saṃghasya pravārāpakinī • utsahasi tvaṃ āryaśik(ṣ)ā • (saṃ)¬ |
| b1 | ¬ghasya pravārāpakinyau • 1 ॥ tosmāśśi träṅkäl • utsahāmi • tmäṣ karmawāckāñce pravārāpakāñc(āśśi) |
| b2 | kāräm träṅkäl • 1 ॥ śṛṇotv āryasaṃgha • āryaśīkṣā • ratnaśikṣā ca bhikṣuṇī • utsahante • sa(ṃ)¬ |
| b3 | ¬ghasya pravārāpikā • sacet saṃghasya • prāptakālaṃ kṣamate • anujānīyāt saṃgha • yat sa¬ |
| b4 | ¬magrasaṃgha • iyaṃ āryaśīkṣā • ratnaśikṣāñ ca • saghasya • pravārāpikāṃ san manyeta eṣā¬ |
| b5 | ¬jñapti • śṛṇotv āryasaṃgha • iyaṃ āryaśīkṣā • ratnaśīkṣā ca bhikṣuṇī • utsahante • saṃghāsya • pravā |
Translation
| a1 | ... fallen down... what must the saṅgha do? |
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| a1 | The elder nun has to say: |
| a1 | "Poṣatha (=Uposatha?), Pravāraṇā." |
| a1+ | Then, the Karmavācakā has to say: |
| a2+ | "You, Madams, approve of (?) the purification of those not having come (?) and have approved (?). |
| a3 | Further, make known what poṣatha(=Uposatha?) and Pravāraṇāare. |
| a3+ | Which (nuns) of the Saṃgha are capable (to be) representatives of the Pravāraṇā?" |
| a4 | Then the three representatives of the Pravāraṇā must rise up |
| a4 | and sit down on their knees. |
| a4+ | Then, the Karmavācakā has to say: |
| a5 | Are you capable, Āryaśikṣā, (to be) a representative of the Pravāraṇā of the saṅgha? |
| a5+ | Are you capable, Āryaśikṣā, (to be) two representatives of the saṃgha? (?)n1 |
| b1 | They have to say: |
| b1 | "I am capable" |
| b1+ | Then, the Karmavācakā has to say an action (?) to the representatives of the Pravāraṇā: |
| b2 | "May the noble saṃgha hear: |
| b2+ | Āryaśikṣā, and Ratnaśikṣā the nun are capable (to be) representatives of the Pravāraṇā. |
| b3 | If the time now is fitting to the saṃgha, may the saṅgha allow it. |
| b3+ | If the whole saṅgha appoints this Āryaśikṣā and Ratnaśikṣā as the representative(s) of the Pravāraṇā of the saṅgha, this is the proposition (?): |
| b5 | May the noble saṅgha hear: |
| b5 | This Āryaśikṣā, and Ratnaśikṣā the nun are capable (to be) representatives of Pravāhaṇā. |
Commentary
Remarks
| Transcription and references have been transferred from the "Text and Reference Database of the Tocharian A Language" (Gerd Carling Lund University) (funded by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and SCAS). | |
| Transcription and translation are based on Carling et al. 2009. | |
The terms poṣathaand pravāraṇāalso occur in the Karmavācanā fragments IOL San 400 and IOL San 404. |
Philological commentary
| n1 | Maybe what is meant here is that Āryaśikṣā exercises two positions at once. |
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References
Online access
IDP: THT 1048; TITUS: THT 1048
Miscellaneous
Complete Translation
Tamai 2014: 391-393
Edition
Tamai 2014: 391-393; Sieg and Siegling 1921: 229; Sieg and Siegling 1921 p. 229
Translations
Carling 2000: a4 (215); Thomas 1952: a1 (19), a2 (19), a4 (18), a5 (19); Thomas 1978a: a1 (335), a1 a2 (335), a4 a5 (335), b1 b2 (335); Thomas 1981: a1 (493)
Bibliography
Carling, Gerd. 2000. Die Funktionen der lokalen Kasus im Tocharischen. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.
Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
“The International Dunhuang Project: The Silk Road Online.” n.d. http://idp.bl.uk.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Sieg, Emil, and Wilhelm Siegling. 1921. Tocharische Sprachreste, I. Band. Die Texte. A. Transcription. Personal annotated copy of Wilhelm Siegling. Scanned by Douglas Q. Adams with the technical assistance of Michael Tarabulski and Kevin Dobbins. Berlin/Leipzig: de Gruyter.
Tamai, Tatsushi. 2014. “The Tocharian Karmavācanā.” Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology (ARIRIAB) at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013 17: 365–94.
Thomas, Werner. 1952. Die tocharischen Verbaladjektive auf -l. Deutsche Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung 9. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Thomas, Werner. 1978a. “Zu satzverknüpfendem A tmäṣ, B tumeṃ.” Orbis 25: 327–54.
Thomas, Werner. 1981. “Indogermanisches in der Syntax des Tocharischen: Zum Ausdruck eines Gebotes und Verbotes.” In Festschrift der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 481–97.
Gippert, Jost, Katharina Kupfer, Christiane Schaefer, and Tatsushi Tamai. n.d. “Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS): Tocharian Manuscripts from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/thtframe.htm.
