peṃṣār

Cite this page as:	"peṃṣār". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_A_peṃṣār (accessed 18 Jul. 2026).
Meaning:	“to instruct, rule, punish”
Word class:	verb
Language:	TA
Equivalent in TB:	en-
Lexeme variants:	peṃṣār
Person:	second
Number:	singular
Tense/Mood:	imperative
Root character:	non-a-character
Internal root vowel:	vowel-full
Stem:	imperative
Stem class:	4
Valency:	transitive
Voice:	middle

Paradigm

	sg.act	pl.act	du.act	sg.mid	pl.mid	du.mid
1
2				peṃṣār
3

Lexeme family

• en-
  • en- “to instruct, rule, punish” kaus
    • en- “to instruct, rule, punish” kaus.imp4

      	sg.mid
      2	peṃṣār

    • en- “to instruct, rule, punish” kaus.prs8

      	sg.mid
      3	enäṣtär

      • enäsmāṃ “intsructing, ruling, punishing” part.prs8

        	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f
        nom	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ
        acc	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ	enäsmāṃ

      • enässi “to instruct, rule, punish” inf.n.prs8

        	sg
        nom	enässi
        acc	enässi

    • en- “to instruct, rule, punish” kaus.subj9
      • enäṣlune “teaching, order, command” abstr.n.subj9

        	sg
        nom	enäṣlune
        acc	enäṣlune
        loc	enäṣluneyaṃ
        all	enäṣluneyac

        • enäṣluneṣi “of teaching” subj9

          	sg.m
          acc	enäṣluneṣiṃ

    • en- “to instruct, rule, punish” kaus.subj7
      • eñlune “advice, instruction” abstr.n.subj7

        	sg
        nom	eñlune
        acc	eñlune

Occurrences

peṃṣār

1

A 256 a4

pyām yärk krañcäśśi ;

peṃṣār

ykoñcä(s) ; (yaläntwä)a5ṣ :